scholarly journals Serum Glucose Measurement after Five to Six Hours is Comparable to Eight Hours Overnight Fasting in Ramadan

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ammar M.S. Almomin ◽  
Samih A. Odhaib ◽  
Mahmood T. Altemimi ◽  
Hussein A. Nwayyir ◽  
Ibrahim H. Hussein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Glucose Measurement ◽  
Fasting Serum ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fasting Serum Glucose ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Overnight Fasting ◽  
Fasting Duration

Objectives: This study was done to evaluate whether a shorter fasting duration of five to six hours can be used as an alternative to the usually recommended eight hours fasting serum glucose measurement. Methods: An observational, cross-sectional study was conducted during Ramadan (May) 2019, on 200 individuals. Two fasting serum glucose (FSG) venous samples taken, the first after 5-6 hours after predawn meal (suhoor), and the second after 8 hours. Participants were divided into two groups; normal individuals, and those who have type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Patients with T2DM further subdivided into three groups: those without treatment, those on oral antidiabetic drugs (OAD), and those using insulin and OAD. Results: There was no significant difference between the mean FSG readings in mg/dL (mmol/L) between the first and second samples for healthy individuals, 104.5 ± 21.4 (5.79±1.18) and 104.8 ± 12.6 (5.82±0.7), respectively. Generally, the same is true for T2DM patients with FSG values of 235 ± 107 (13.04±5.94) and 230 ± 105 (12.77±5.83). Untreated T2DM patients have consecutive FSG readings of 194.0 ± 151.5 (10.77±8.41) and 193.9 ± 128.9 (10.76±7.15), respectively, in the two samples without significant difference. Patients using insulin and OAD showed similar pattern of FSG 268 ± 111 (14.87±6.16) and 269 ± 114 (14.93±6.33), respectively. The only significant difference was observed in patients on OAD which have 220 ± 78 (12.21±4.33) and 207 ± 77 (11.49±4.27) for their successive FSG samples. Conclusions: The overnight fasting duration of 5-6 hours, can give a comparable measurement of fasting serum glucose as that obtained by 8 hours. Keywords: Glucose; Fasting; Duration; Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract P029: Diabetes Mellitus and Disabling Dementia among Japanese: The Circulatory Risk in Communities Study (CIRCS)

Circulation ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 125 (suppl_10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eri Eguchi ◽  
Kazumasa Yamagishi ◽  
Ai Ikeda ◽  
Choy-Lye Chei ◽  
Hiroyuki Noda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glucose Intolerance ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Asian Population ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Fasting Serum ◽  
Hypertension Status ◽  
Fasting Serum Glucose ◽  
The Status ◽  
History Of

Introduction: The evidence for the relation between diabetes mellitus and risk of dementia in Asian population has been limited. This study investigated the association between diabetes mellitus and risk of dementia in community-based samples of Japanese. Hypothesis: There is an association between diabetes mellitus and risk of disabling dementia Methods: We performed a nested case-control study based on a cohort of about 6,000 Japanese aged 45-69 at baseline between 1984 and 1994. The information of the status of diabetes at baseline was collected for 174 disabling dementia cases incident between 1999 and 2004 and 348 controls matched with cases by age±3, sex and baseline-year. Incident disabling dementia was defined as dependent individuals who had moderate to severe dementia-related behavioral disturbance or cognitive impairment. This criterion was previously validated with 5-cog test. Dementia cases were further classified according to presence of history of stroke. The conditional odds ratio (OR) for dementia was calculated according to the status of (1) glucose intolerance; fasting serum glucose 110-125mg/dl or non-fasting serum glucose 140-199 mg/dl; and (2) diabetes; fasting serum glucose ≥126 mg/dl, non-fasting serum glucose ≥200 mg/dl, and/or the use of glucose-lowering medication or insulin therapy. Variables for multivariable adjustment were body mass index, smoking status, total cholesterol and hypertension status (140≤SBP<160 mmHg, 90≤DBP<95 mmHg for hypertension of grade 1, SBP ≥160 mmHg, DBP ≥95mmHg for hypertension of grade 2 and 3, and the treatment with an antihypertensive drug). Sex-specific analysis was also conducted as subanalysis. Results and Conclusions: Mean follow-up year was 11.4 years. The proportion of men was 32.8% and the prevalence of glucose intolerance and diabetes among controls were 16.7% and 5.8%, respectively. Of dementia cases, 44.8% had history of stroke. Compared with persons with normal glucose level, ORs (95%CI) for glucose intolerance and diabetes were 1.12 (0.68-1.84) and 2.18 (1.13-4.22), and multivariable ORs were 0.98 (0.58-1.65) and 2.04 (1.03-4.03), respectively. For sex stratified analysis, ORs for diabetes were 1.39 (0.45-4.31) for men, and 2.79 (1.20-6.50) for women. The association of diabetes was primarily observed in dementia cases with stroke history [OR=3.19 (1.04-9.82)], but not in those without it [OR=1.78 (0.78-4.07)]. In conclusion, we found an association between diabetes mellitus and risk of disabling dementia. The association was confined to women, and dementia with stroke history.

scholarly journals Indicators of Adrenal Insufficiency in TB-suspect Patients Presenting with Signs and Symptoms of Adrenal Insufficiency at Three South African Hospitals in Pretoria

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 178-187
Author(s):  
Langalibalele H. Mabuza ◽  
Daniel F. Sarpong
Keyword(s):  
Adrenal Insufficiency ◽  
District Hospital ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Cd4 Count ◽  
Fasting Serum ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fasting Serum Glucose

Background: Primary adrenal insufficiency occurs when the function of the adrenal cortex to produce cortisol is impaired. Infections, such as disseminated Tuberculosis (TB) and malignancies, are the major causes of Adrenal Insufficiency (AI) in developing countries. AI is characterized by specific symptoms, signs, and laboratory findings. Objective: To determine indicators of AI in TB-suspect patients presenting with signs and symptoms of AI. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at the primary health care ward of Dr. George Mukhari Academic Hospital, Jubilee District Hospital, and Odi District Hospital. The population comprised all TB-suspects, from whom a sample of 75respondents was obtained. A researcher administered questionnaire was used to collect data related to their signs, symptoms, and laboratory findings. Results: Of the 75 respondents, 47 (62.37) and 28 (37.3%) were classified as Adrenal Sufficiency (AS) and AI, respectively. The most occurring symptoms were craving for salt, dry, itchy skin, and vomiting (prevalence: 79.7%, 68.1%, and 69.0%, respectively). Signs or symptoms by themselves did not discriminate persons with a high likelihood of AI. However, a fasting serum glucose (≤ 5.25 mmol/L), a positive GeneXpect, a low CD4 count (≤ 274.5 cells/ml), with a combination of signs and symptoms (9.5) constituted a discriminator for AI in TB-suspect patients (87.5% likelihood). Conclusion: A low fasting serum glucose, a positive GeneXpect, a low CD4 count with a minimum of ten signs and symptoms constitute a discriminator for AI in TB-suspect patients, necessitating treatment initiation to save patient lives in laboratory resource-limited settings.

scholarly journals Early Postoperative Fasting Serum Glucose Levels are Useful in Depicting Future Diabetes Mellitus in Patients with Curative Insulinoma Surgery

2019 ◽  
Vol 128 (03) ◽  
pp. 158-163
Author(s):  
Aycan Akca ◽  
Achim A. R. Starke ◽  
Anna Dobek ◽  
Alexis Ulrich ◽  
Peter E. Goretzki
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Tumor Resection ◽  
Pancreatic Head ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Medical Intervention ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Fasting Serum ◽  
Fasting Serum Glucose ◽  
Glucose Levels

Abstract Background Hyperglycemia has been reported in some patients after curative insulinoma resection but no systematic investigation of glucose metabolism has been shown in a larger cohort of these patients. Therefore, it is still unknown, whether long lasting hyperinsulinism in insulinoma patients induces insulin resistance, which may jeopardize the postoperative health status of these patients. Methods Early postoperative fasting serum glucose levels were measured in all insulinoma patients after curative tumor resection during the first 48 h, being operated between 2011 and 2018, retrospectively. Results Of 77 (100%) patients with benign, spontaneous occuring insulinoma 51 (66.2%) patients were operated on by tumor enucleation. In 15 (19.5%) patients a left pancreatic resection was performed and in 11 (14.3%) patients the pancreatic head or the middle console of pancreatic corpus were excised. In 32 (41.6%) cases the highest fasting postoperative glucose levels were measured between 140–200 mg/dl. In 16 (20.8%) patients the glucose serum levels reached values above 200 mg/dl and in 4 (5.2%) patients short term substitution with insulin was indicated. Only one (1.3%) of these patients developed diabetes mellitus with the need of ongoing insulin treatment. Major postoperative complications were registered in 31 of all 77 patients (40.3%) and in 9 of 16 patients (56.3%) with postoperative glucose levels above 200 mg/dl. This difference was not statistically significant. Conclusions Early postoperative (first 48 h) fasting serum glucose levels in insulinoma patients showed significant hyperglycemia above 200 mg/dl in only few patients (20.8%) and chronic postoperative Diabetes mellitus developed in only one of 77 patients (<2%). Therefore, recovery of glucose metabolism after insulinoma resection is fast and medical intervention is not mandatory in most of these patients.

scholarly journals Association of Thyroid Dysfunction with Young Diabetic Subjects in a Bangladeshi Population

1970 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 34-38
Author(s):  
DA Rashid ◽  
MA Rashid ◽  
JMA Hannan ◽  
M Faruque ◽  
Q Nahar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Fasting Serum ◽  
Free T4 ◽  
C Peptide ◽  
Fasting Serum Glucose ◽  
Free T3 ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Serum T3

The study was a prospective study carried out in the Research Division of Bangladesh Institute of Research and Rehabilitation in Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders (BIRDEM), Dhaka. The present study was designed to investigate the thyroid dysfunction specially total and free levels of serum T3 and T4, and TSH in young diabetic subjects. A total number of 49 diabetic subjects and 28 controls were recruited in this study. Plasma glucose was measured by glucose oxidase method, HbA1C by modified HPLC method, serum total T3, total T4, free T3, free T4, TSH and C-peptide were measured by fluorescence-based ELISA technique. Age and BMI of the controls, Type 2 diabetic and FCPD subjects were matched. Total T3 concentration in FCPD and type 2 groups were significantly lower than the control group (p<0.001). T3 in FCPD was lower than that of type 2 (p<0.01). No significant difference was shown in T4 concentrations among the three groups of study subjects but there was significant lower in T3/ T4 ratio in FCPD and type 2 than control groups (p<0.001, p<0.01 respectively). The concentration of Free T3 was lower in FCPD group (p<0.01) than controls and type 2 DM. Free T4 and TSH concentration were similar in all the groups. With increasing of fasting serum glucose and HbA1C in the subjects, serum T3, Free T3, and T3/ T4 ratio were decreased significantly. Irrespective of groups, fasting serum glucose and HbA1C showed negative correlation with serum T3 (FSG: r= -0.591, p= 0.001; HbA1C: r= -0.68, p= 0.001) and Free T3 (FSG: r= -0.421, p= 0.001; HbA1C: r= -0.381, p= 0.001). C-peptide showed positive correlation with T3 and Free T3 (T3: r= 0.429, p= 0.001; Free T3: r= 0.228, p= 0.05). The existance of low T3 syndrome is confirmed in young Bangladeshi diabetic population regarding free levels of T3 and T4. The values of the free hormones (low FT3 and normal FT4) as well as normal TSH explain clinically euthyroid state of the subjects. The data also demonstrated that the lowering of T3 in diabetic subjects seems to be related with their degree of hyperglycemia. Key Words: Thyroid Dysfunction, Young Diabetes Mellitus.   DOI: 10.3329/bmj.v36i2.3608 Bangladesh Medical Journal 36(2) 2007 34-38

scholarly journals ESTILO DE VIDA E SUAS RELAÇÕES COM HIPERTENSÃO ARTERIAL SISTÊMICA E DIABETES MELLITUS

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 361-373
Author(s):  
Elias Ferreira Porto ◽  
Claudia Kumpel ◽  
Anselmo Cordeiro de Souza ◽  
Izabel Maria de Oliveira ◽  
Karoline Mayara de Aquiles Bernardo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
General Health ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Perception ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Individual

Avaliar o estilo de vida e percepção do estado geral de saúde em pacientes com Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2 - DM, Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica - HAS e indivíduos saudáveis. Métodos: Estudo transversal, com grupo controle. Avaliado estilo de vida com Questionário Fantástico, e percepção geral de saúde via uma pergunta âncora de diabéticos do tipo 2 (n = 37), hipertensos (n = 60), e indivíduos saudáveis (n = 43). Análise estatística descritiva, analise de variância, e razão de chance (Odds Rattio – OR). Resultados: Verificou-se diferença significante (p0,0001) na pontuação do Questionário Fantástico entre os indivíduos saudáveis em relação DM e HAS. O pior desempenho no estilo de vida para os três grupos foi nos domínios de atividade física e alimentação. O risco do indivíduo com HAS afirmar que sua saúde é pior do que indivíduos da mesma faixa etária foi OR 1.8 (1.415 a 2.419) e para os indivíduos diabéticos OR de 2.8 (1.776 a 4.579) em relação a indivíduos saudáveis. Conclusão: Diabéticos e hipertensos têm um pior estilo de vida e percepção geral de saúde do que indivíduos saudáveis. Assim o estilo de vida saudável pode reduzir a prevalência e auxiliar no controle de doenças já estabelecidas.Palavras-chave: Estilo de vida. Hipertensão Arterial. Diabetes Mellitus. ABSTRACT: To evaluate the lifestyle and perception of general health status in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus - DM, systemic arterial hypertension - SAH and healthy individuals. Methods: Cross-sectional study with control group. (N = 37), hypertensive (n = 60), and healthy subjects (n = 43) were assessed using a Fantastic Questionnaire, and general health perception via an anchor question. Descriptive statistical analysis, analysis of variance, and odds ratio (Odds Rattio - OR). Results: There was a significant difference (p 0.0001) in the score of the Fantastic Questionnaire among healthy individuals in relation to DM and SAH. The worst lifestyle performance for the three groups was in the physical activity and feeding domains. The risk of the individual with SAH to state that their health is worse than individuals of the same age group was OR 1.8 (1.415 to 2.419) and for the diabetic individuals OR of 2.8 (1.776 to 4.579) in relation to healthy individuals. Conclusion: Diabetics and hypertensives have a worse lifestyle and overall health perception than healthy individuals. Thus the healthy lifestyle can reduce the prevalence and help in the control of already established diseases.Keywords: Lifestyle. Hypertension. Diabetes Mellitus.

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