scholarly journals Hepatitis-B: an Alarming Infectious Condition- How Aware are We???

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Paridhi Rawat ◽  
Himanshu Aeran ◽  
Anubha Agarwal ◽  
Vijay Nautiyal
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Post Exposure Prophylaxis ◽  
Dental Clinic ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Strict Adherence ◽  
Occupational Risks

<strong>Background &amp; Objectives:</strong>Infections caused by blood-borne pathogens like HCV, HBV or HCV have emerged as a hurricane for health-care workers. Among them, Hepatitis-B is a leading cause of morbidity &amp; mortality all around the world especially placing health workers at higher occupational risks. Also percutaneous injuries in dental clinic are risk factors for transmission of HBV. Hence a bi-directional relationship exists between dentist &amp; patient regarding transmission of HBV. The present study is designed to evaluate degree of awareness &amp; knowledge about HBV &amp; status of vaccination against it, among the dental students &amp; clinicians.<p><strong>Methods:</strong> A cross-sectional study was conducted on 279 dental professionals including 41 clinicians, 45 post-graduate students, 80 interns and 113 B.D.S III &amp; IV Yr students by means of a questionnaire. Data was collected &amp; then analyzed in SPSS version-16.</p><p><strong>Result:</strong> Our results were noteworthy that nearly 89.6% claimed that hepatitis-b is preventable. Positively, 90.71% subjects were vaccinated against HBV &amp; 62.8% showed positive attitude towards HBV+ patients. However, some alarming findings are that 54.64% didn’t know about post-exposure prophylaxis and 79.84% didn’t have any idea about serum HBV DNA viral load considered safe according to CDC.</p><p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> The present study consolidates the urgent need for further spread of knowledge &amp; awareness about Hepatitis-B. We also highlight practice of “Standard Infection Control” measures and strict adherence to tenets of CDC guidelines. Hence the call of the hour is to spread awareness about Hepatitis-B which can turn to be a “mouse or an elephant in dental clinic.”</p>

Knowledge about biosafety measures in clinical setting during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study with Brazilian dental students

2022 ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Matheus dos Santos Fernandez ◽  
Andreia Morales Cascaes ◽  
Francisco Wilker Mustafa Gomes Muniz ◽  
Nathalia Ribeiro Jorge da Silva ◽  
Camilla Hubner Bielavski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Setting ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Practical Training ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Medium Level

Abstract Objective: To evaluate the knowledge of Brazilian dental students about biosafety measures that should be adopted in the clinical setting during the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Methods: A cross-sectional study with 1,050 dental students was conducted. A semi-structured questionnaire was shared with students. Mean knowledge score on biosafety guidelines during the COVID-19 pandemic was the outcome, with a maximum of 8 scores. Explanatory variables included sociodemographic and educational characteristics, aspects related to biosafety education, actions adopted by the dental schools during the pandemic, and sources of biosafety information. Multivariate linear regression analyses were performed. Results: Mean knowledge score was 5.19 (1.28). Female students (β=0.346; 95%CI:0.154–0.539), those enrolled in the intermediate (β=0.525; 95%CI:0.167–0.883) or final (β=0.569; 95%CI:0.200–0.937) stage of course, and those who had already received theoretical-practical training in biosafety (β=0.464; 95%CI:0.063–0.866) presented higher mean knowledge scores. Students who did not receive guidance on aerosol control measures before the pandemic (β=-0.324; 95%CI:-0.519–-0.130) had the lowest score. Conclusion: Students presented a medium level of knowledge about dental biosafety measures in the COVID-19 pandemic. Sociodemographic characteristics and those related to the institutional profile of the participants, and access to orientation and training in biosafety may influence their knowledge.

scholarly journals Occupational Hepatitis B Exposure: A Peek into Indian Dental Students’ Knowledge, Opinion, and Preventive Practices

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandeep Kumar ◽  
Debashish Basak ◽  
Amit Kumar ◽  
Pralhad Dasar ◽  
Prashant Mishra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Protective Measures ◽  
Teaching Institution ◽  
Preventive Practices ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Mandatory Vaccination ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

Objective. To determine the level of knowledge, opinions, and preventive practices followed by dental students against Hepatitis B. The study also explored if any correlation existed between knowledge, opinion, and preventive practices score.Materials and Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted in a dental teaching institution. The subjects comprised 216 dental students. The study was conducted using a pretested, self-administered questionnaire. The questionnaire was prepared to assess knowledge, opinion, and preventive practices against Hepatitis B. Kruskal-Wallis and Kendall Tau test were performed.Results. The study found that only 44.4% of the students were vaccinated with Hepatitis B vaccine. 59.3% of the students reported washing their hands after contact with patient’s body fluids. 63.9% used personal protective measures like facemask, aprons, head cap, eye shields, and so forth, while treating patients. Median knowledge, opinion, and practice scores were found to be 5.00, 3.00, and 3.00, respectively. Significant correlation was obtained between knowledge and preventive practices score (r=0.385,pvalue<0.0001).Conclusion. Effective measures need to be taken to improve preventive practices of the students to prevent them from risk of Hepatitis transmission. Mandatory vaccination against Hepatitis B needs to be implemented.

Assessment of Knowledge Attitude and Treatment towards Hepatitis B among Dental Students � A Cross-sectional Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 78-82
Author(s):  
Vishnu Dev ◽  
Vijay Raghava ◽  
Sarita Joshi Narayan ◽  
Umesh Yadalam ◽  
Aditi Bose ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, and Human Immunodeficiency Viruses in End-Stage Renal Disease Patients, Southern Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-51
Author(s):  
Nahid T. Movaghar ◽  
Saber Mojarrad ◽  
Hadi R. Shahraki ◽  
Mohammadreza Nazari ◽  
Mahtab Hadadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Fars Province ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Strict Adherence ◽  
Southern Iran

Background: Hemodialysis [HD] patients are more prone to blood-borne viruses, such as hepatitis B virus [HBV], hepatitis C virus [HCV], and, to a lesser extent, Human Immunodeficiency Virus [HIV]. Chronic HBV and HCV infections are associated with liver cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and early graft failure after kidney transplantation. As there was no recent information, this study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of HBV, HCV, and HIV infection in HD patients in Fars province, southern Iran. This could help health policymakers to run more effective infection control practices for reducing such blood-borne virus infections, if necessary. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 906 HD patients in Fars province, southern Iran. A total of 906 blood samples were obtained from patients and diagnostic tests of HBV, HCV, and HIV were done. Demographic data and some other information, such as duration of dialysis, were extracted from the patients’ medical records. Data were analyzed in SPSS, version 18. Results: Out of the patients enrolled in the study, 547 [60.4%] were male and 359 [39.6%] female. The mean ± SD age of the patients was 58.0 ± 15.8 years. The prevalence of HBV, HCV, and HIV infection was 0.88%, 0.55% and 0.44%, respectively. HIV-infected subjects were significantly younger than the HIV-negative group [P <0.017]. Conclusion: It seems that Fars is among the provinces with low HBV and HCV prevalence in HD patients in comparison to other provinces of Iran. On the other hand, HIV prevalence here is higher than other provincial studies. Strict adherence to preventive infection control measures is recommended in HD centers.

scholarly journals The Quality of Tuberculosis Services in Health Care Centres in a Rural District in Uganda: The Providers’ and Clients’ Perspective

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lilian Bulage ◽  
Juliet Sekandi ◽  
Omar Kigenyi ◽  
Ezekiel Mupere
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Data Entry ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
District Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Infection Control Measures

Quality of care plays an important role in the status of tuberculosis (TB) control, by influencing timely diagnosis, treatment adherence, and treatment completion. In this study, we aimed at establishing the quality of TB service care in Kamuli district health care centres using Donabedian structure, process, and outcomes model of health care. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 8 health care facilities, among 20 health care workers and 392 patients. Data was obtained using face-to-face interviews, an observation guide, a check list, and record review of the TB unit and laboratory registers. Data entry and analysis were done using EPI INFO 2008 and STATA 10 versions, respectively. A high number 150 (87.21%) of TB patients were not aware of all the signs to stop TB medication, and 100 (25.51%) patients received laboratory results after a period of 3–5 working days. The major challenges faced by health workers were poor attitude of fellow health workers, patients defaulting treatment, and fear of being infected with TB. One of the worst performance indicators was low percentage of cure. Comprehensive strengthening of the health system focusing on quality of support supervisions, patient follow up, promoting infection control measures, and increasing health staffing levels at health facilities is crucial.

scholarly journals Knowledge and Preventive Practices of Hepatitis B Transmission among Dental Students and Interns in a Tertiary Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (222) ◽  
Author(s):  
Durga Bhandari
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
College Teaching ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Junior Doctors ◽  
Hepatitis B Infection ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Introduction: Hepatitis B is one of the most common contagious diseases in Nepal and is a signifi- cant public health issue. It is transmitted through contact with contaminated blood or other bodily fluids on broken skin or mucous membranes. Junior doctors and dentists are at particular risk of hepatitis B exposure. This study aims to find the level of knowledge of transmission and prevention of hepatitis B among the dental students. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted among dental students and interns at Kantipur Dental College Teaching Hospital and Research Center, Kathamndu from January 2019 to February 2019 after ethical approval was provided by the Institutional Review Committee. The study included dental students and graduate intern doctors. Convenience sampling was done. Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was done along with frequency and proportion of binary data. Results: Out of one hundred forty two students, 68 (48%) of participants had completed a full course of hepatitis B vaccine. Thirty seven (26%) had started but had less than three recommended shots and 37 (26%) had not received any vaccines for hepatitis B prevention. Only 14 (10%) of the study group had checked their hepatitis B titer prior to commencing medical education. Conclusions: There is also a lack of understanding of transmission, prevention and post exposure prophylaxis for hepatitis B infection among them among new health care providers in Nepal. This puts both the practitioners and patients at risk of chronic hepatitis B infection, which is unnecessary given cheap and easy prevention strategies, can virtually eliminate the risk.

scholarly journals Vaccination against tuberculosis, polio and hepatitis B at birth in Podor health district, Northern Senegal: cross-sectional study of vaccination coverage and its associated factors

2022 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oumar Bassoum ◽  
Ndeye Mareme Sougou ◽  
Mouhamadou Faly Ba ◽  
Malick Anne ◽  
Mamoudou Bocoum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Health Facility ◽  
Vaccination Coverage ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health District ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Birth Dose

Abstract Background In Senegal, studies focusing specifically on vaccination coverage with the Bacille de Calmette et Guérin (BCG) vaccine, the birth dose of oral polio vaccine (OPV zero dose) and the birth dose of hepatitis B (HepB-BD) vaccine are insufficient. This study aimed to highlight vaccination coverages with birth doses and factors associated with timely vaccination in Podor health district. Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out from June 19 to 22, 2020. The study population consisted of children aged 12 to 23 months of which 832 were included. A stratified two-stage cluster survey was carried out. The sources of data were home-based records (HBR), health facility registries (HFR) and parental recalls. Timely vaccination refers to any vaccination that has taken place within 24 h after birth. Descriptive analyzes, the chi-square test and logistic regression were performed. Results The crude vaccination coverages with BCG, OPV zero dose and HepB-BD were 95.2%, 88.3% and 88.1%, respectively. Vaccination coverages within 24 h after birth were estimated at 13.9%, 30% and 42.1%, respectively. The factors associated with timely HepB-BD are delivery in a health facility (AOR = 1.55; 95% CI = 1.02–2.40), access to television (AOR = 1.63; 95% CI = 1.16–2.29), weighing (AOR = 3.92; 95% CI = 1.97–8.53) and hospitalization of the newborn immediately after birth (AOR = 0.42; 95% CI = 0.28–0.62). Conclusion Timely administration of birth doses is a challenge in the Podor health district. The solutions would be improving geographic access to health facilities, involving community health workers, raising awareness and integrating health services.

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