scholarly journals Studies on the formation of O/W nano-emulsions, by low-energy emulsification method, suitable for cosmeceutical applications.

1970 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Jaworska ◽  
Elżbieta Sikora ◽  
Michał Zielina ◽  
Jan Ogonowski
Keyword(s):  
Droplet Size ◽  
Phase Inversion ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Soluble Substance ◽  
Water Addition ◽  
Water Soluble Substance ◽  
Particles Size Distribution ◽  
Oil Water ◽  
Pic Method

The formation of oil/water (O/W) nano-emulsions suitable for cosmeceutical application was studied. Nano-emulsions were prepared by using phase inversion composition (PIC) method, one of the low-energy emulsification methods. The process consist of stepwise water addition to oil/surfactant mixture, at T = 25°C. Caprylic/capric triglycerides (GTCC), propylene glycol dicaprylate/dicaprate (PC) and oleic acid (OA) were applied as an oil phase. Polysorbate 80 was used as the surfactant. Kinetic stability of the nano-emulsions was analyzed by measuring droplet size as a function of time for different oil/surfactant ratio. The particles size distribution was analyzed by means DLS measurement technique (Dynamic Light Scattering), using Zetasizer Nano ZS (Malvern Instruments, UK). One of triterpenoic acid, practically non-water soluble substance was selected as an active and incorporated into the stable formulation. The obtained results proved that the nanoemulsion NE-T80-GTCC-20:80 based on caprylic/capric triglycerides with the oil/surfactant ratio O/S = 2 0:80 and the droplet size r = 25 nm was the most stable one and additionally showed the highest solubilisation capacity for the triterpene.

The Experimental Study on the Inhibition Effect of Fusarium oxyspomm with Bio-Slurry Based on Material Properties

2013 ◽  
Vol 675 ◽  
pp. 317-321
Author(s):  
Meng Ying Fang ◽  
Li Chun Liu ◽  
Fang Yin ◽  
Wu Di Zhang ◽  
Shi Qing Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Inhibition Mechanism ◽  
Main Subject ◽  
Soluble Substance ◽  
Inhibition Effect ◽  
Water Soluble Substance ◽  
Main Component ◽  
Better Than

Using petroleum ether to extract the fermentative fluid (bio-slurry), then to get the inhibition mechanism of it, and infer which is the main component in inhibition mechanism of biogas. The conclusion found by the experiment is that fat soluble substance is better than water soluble substance in inhibition mechanism, and fat soluble substance is close to 75% biogas fermentation fluid, while water soluble substance is worst. That is to say, the main subject in inhibition mechanism is hided in the fat soluble substance.

Effect of Shear and Water Cut on Phase Inversion and Droplet Size Distribution in Oil–Water Flow

2018 ◽  
Vol 141 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mo Zhang ◽  
Ramin Dabirian ◽  
Ram S. Mohan ◽  
Ovadia Shoham
Keyword(s):  
Size Distribution ◽  
Droplet Size ◽  
Phase Inversion ◽  
Droplet Size Distribution ◽  
Continuous Phase ◽  
Dispersed Phase ◽  
Water Emulsion ◽  
Inversion Region ◽  
Oil Water ◽  
Water Cut

Oil–water dispersed flow occurs commonly in the petroleum industry during the production and transportation of crudes. Phase inversion occurs when the dispersed phase grows into the continuous phase and the continuous phase becomes the dispersed phase caused by changes in the composition, interfacial properties, and other factors. Production equipment, such as pumps and chokes, generates shear in oil–water mixture flow, which has a strong effect on phase inversion phenomena. The objective of this paper is to investigate the effects of shear intensity and water cut (WC) on the phase inversion region and also the droplet size distribution. A state-of-the-art closed-loop two phase (oil–water) flow facility including a multipass gear pump and a differential dielectric sensor (DDS) is used to identify the phase inversion region. Also, the facility utilizes an in-line droplet size analyzer (a high speed camera), to record real-time videos of oil–water emulsion to determine the droplet size distribution. The experimental data for phase inversion confirm that as shear intensity increases, the phase inversion occurs at relatively higher dispersed phase fractions. Also the data show that oil-in-water emulsion requires larger dispersed phase volumetric fraction for phase inversion as compared with that of water-in-oil emulsion under the same shear intensity conditions. Experiments for droplet size distribution confirm that larger droplets are obtained for the water continuous phase, and increasing the dispersed phase volume fraction leads to the creation of larger droplets.

Modification of hydrophilic polymer network to design a carrier for a poorly water‐soluble substance

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (10) ◽  
pp. 2496-2510
Author(s):  
Maja D. Markovic ◽  
Vesna V. Panic ◽  
Sanja I. Seslija ◽  
Pavle M. Spasojevic ◽  
Vukasin Dj. Ugrinovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Network ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Hydrophilic Polymer ◽  
Soluble Substance ◽  
Water Soluble Substance ◽  
Poorly Water Soluble

scholarly journals PERUBAHAN BEBERAPA SIFAT FISIS DAN KIMIA PASTA GAMBIR SELAMA PENYIMPANAN

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 102
Author(s):  
Anwar Kasim ◽  
Yoli Sub’han ◽  
Netty Sri Indeswari
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soluble Substance ◽  
Initial Water ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Chemical Content ◽  
Water Soluble Substance ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Storage Change

ABSTRACT Studying about the change of physical and chemical properties Gambir paste during 28 days was conducted in order to know the change primarily the chemical content and physical properties as storage consequences. Experimental design was used completely randomized design for 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, and 28 days storage periods. Replication was two and as a control was used paste non treatment. F-test and T-Dunnet test were applicated for statistical analysis. The result indicated that treatment can not change physical properties but change the chemical properties gambir paste. The initial water contents of gambir paste was 72.26% and after 28 days storage 71.68%. Color of gambir paste was still yellow during storage. The initial non water soluble substance was 6.96% and after 28 days storage 4.69%. The initial non alcohol soluble substance was 14.83% and after 28 days storage 13.15%. The initial chatechin contents was 72.22% and after 28 days storage 65.38%. The initial tannin contents 38.68% and after 28 days storage 35.12%. Total ash content of gambir paste was 2.72%.   Keywords : gambir, paste, storage, change, properties

SOME CONSTITUENTS OF THE SAP OF THE SUGAR MAPLE (ACER SACCHARUM, MARSH.)

1935 ◽  
Vol 13b (5) ◽  
pp. 269-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. H. Findlay ◽  
J. F. Snell
Keyword(s):  
Succinic Acid ◽  
Acer Saccharum ◽  
Sugar Maple ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soluble Substance ◽  
Water Soluble Substance ◽  
Maple Sap

Skazin's observation that maple flavor is not present as such in sugar maple sap but develops at boiling temperatures (100–104 °C.) has been confirmed. Levorotatory glucosides cannot be detected in sap concentrated to 1/150 its volume, and are therefore probably not present in amounts exceeding 1 gm. (calculated as coniferin) per 50 litres. In maple wood, pyrocatechol tannins were detected but no alcohol-soluble glucosides. The sap contains succinic acid, a glucosidase, an unsaponifiable oil, a water-soluble substance melting at 191.5 °C. and having the composition C11H21O9, and an acetone-soluble substance giving lignin-like color tests. Maple flavor could not be developed in any individual constituent of the sap.

Girard reagent purification coupled with hollow-fiber-based stirring liquid microextraction followed by HPLC with diode array detection for determination of naphthoquinones in Qing Long Yi

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 2613-2619
Author(s):  
Yuanyuan Zhou ◽  
Yuxin Liu ◽  
Bingyou Yang ◽  
Yanqiu Jiang ◽  
Xiaoli Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Liquid ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Diode Array ◽  
Lipid Solubility ◽  
Carbonyl Groups ◽  
Soluble Substance ◽  
Water Soluble Substance ◽  
Array Detection ◽  
Liquid Microextraction

Naphthoquinones all with carbonyl groups may react with the Girard reagent to form a water-soluble substance called hydrazone. These denatured naphthoquinones can recover lipid solubility transferred to the organic liquid layer.

scholarly journals VIABILITY AND GERMINATION IN YELLOW BIRCH

1954 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. R. Redmond ◽  
Robena C. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soluble Substance ◽  
Yellow Birch ◽  
Triphenyltetrazolium Chloride ◽  
Individual Tree ◽  
Water Soluble Substance ◽  
Valid Test ◽  
Viable Seeds ◽  
Seed Coats ◽  
Do So

Yellow birch seeds were found to vary in size directly as the strobilus on which they are borne and to increase in size within the strobilus directly as their point of origin is removed from either end. Viability was found to vary from 0% to 34% of the seeds on an individual tree. The best method of determining viability is examination of the embryo following dissection of the seed. A valid test of viability is given by 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride, but this is not recommended because of the small size of the embryos. It is shown that the seed coats contain a water soluble substance that inhibits growth of the embryos. This substance loses its inhibiting properties when exposed to extended periods of light, but the injury to the embryo is permanent. It is suggested that trees producing few viable seeds in a seed crop may do so because this species is not functionally monoecious and that pollination difficulties would account for a small number of viable seeds on partly isolated trees.

Seizures associated with the use of meglumine iothalamate 60% in ventriculography

1972 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 474-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge A. Picaza ◽  
Sam E. Hunter ◽  
Ling Lee
Keyword(s):  
Contrast Media ◽  
Ventricular System ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soluble Substance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Emergency Procedures ◽  
Water Soluble Substance ◽  
Meglumine Iothalamate ◽  
Fine Print

✓ Meglumine iothalamate 60% (Conray) is a water-soluble substance being developed for the roentgenographic visualization of the cerebral ventricular system. Although it offer definite advantages compared to other contrast media, a recognized disadvantage is the possible development of seizures. This complication seems to be relatively rare and largely preventable, but once present may seriously endanger the patient's life. It appears to be a neurotoxic phenomenon, resistant to the usual anticonvulsant medications, and requires the availability of sophisticated personnel and emergency procedures to prevent death.

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