scholarly journals Alterations in Serum Electrolyte Homeostasis in Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients - A Cross-Sectional Study in VIMSAR, Burla

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (52) ◽  
pp. 3148-3152
Author(s):  
Labanyabati Pattanaik ◽  
Madhusmita Acharya ◽  
Manoj Kumar Yadav ◽  
Prafulla Kumar Mishra ◽  
Madhab Nayak
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Electrolyte Disturbances ◽  
Uncontrolled Diabetes ◽  
Diabetes Patients

BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a widely prevalent lifestyle disease associated with high morbidity and mortality due to dead end complications like acute coronary syndrome, chronic kidney failure and acute stroke. Diabetes mellitus patients frequently develop problems of dyselectrolytemia which is common among hospitalised patients with decompensated diabetes. But there is little information on the prevalence of electrolyte disturbances among diabetes patients. Our aim is to find out the pattern of dyselectrolytemia among type 2 diabetes patients and to know if there is any association of blood glucose level with dyselectrolytemia. METHODS An analytical cross-sectional study was done among type 2 diabetes patients admitted in the department of medicine. Fasting blood glucose (FBG), glycosylated haemoglobin level (HbA1c), blood sodium (Na+), potassium (K+) and calcium (Ca2+) were analysed. Occurrence of dyselectrolytemia was compared between patients of very much controlled versus uncontrolled blood glucose levels. RESULTS Out of 199 patients included in the study, 112 (56 %) had uncontrolled diabetes mellitus (DM) with HbA1c level > / = 7.0 %. Occurrence of hyponatremia, hypokalaemia, hyperkalaemia, hypocalcaemia and hypercalcemia were 35 %, 13 %, 7 %, 16 % and 2 % respectively. In diabetes patients, hyponatremia was seen more commonly in patients with uncontrolled DM than those with very much controlled blood glucose (52.67 % versus 12.64 %, p < 0.001). The extent of patients with hypokalaemia or hyperkalaemia didn't vary between the two groups. Patients on insulin treatment were more likely to have hyponatremia than noninsulin patients (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Type 2 DM patients specifically those who have uncontrolled diabetes mellitus have an increased chance to develop dyselectrolytemia. The most well-known electrolyte disturbances seen were hyponatremia followed by hypocalcaemia in our study and they were generally predominant among patients with uncontrolled DM. KEYWORDS Type 2 Diabetes, Dyselectrolytemia, Hyperglycaemia, Fasting Blood Glucose, Hyponatremia

scholarly journals Hubungan Antara Tingkat Stres Dan Kadar Glukosa Darah Puasa Penderita Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 Di Kecamatan Maos

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Esti Oktaviani Purwasih
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Stress Level ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Diabetes Melitus

ABSTRAKDiabetes melitus (DM) tipe 2 yaitu penyakit gangguan metabolik ditandai kenaikan gula darah karena penurunan sekresi insulin oleh sel beta pankreas dan atau ganguan resistensi insulin.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi hubungan antara kadar glukosa darah puasa dengan tingkat stres pada penderita diabetes melitus (DM) tipe 2. Jenis penelitian adalah deskriptif korelasi dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Variabel independen dalam penelitian ini yaitu tingkat stres. Sedangkan variabel dependen dalam penelitian ini yaitu kadar glukosa darah puasa. Penelitian dilakukan di Puskesmas Maos dan Klinik Graha Amanah Maos bulan Maret 2017. Sampel diambil dengan total sampling, berjumlah  60 responden yang menderita DM tipe 2 minimal 1 tahun, memiliki kadar GDP 130 mg/dl, dan tidak memiliki penyakit komplikasi seperti gagal ginjal kronis, dan kanker.Hasil analisis data menggunakan spearman rho didapatkan tidak terdapat hubungan antara kadar glukosa darah puasa dan tingkat stres (p value = 0,137). Kata Kunci: Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2, Glukosa Darah Puasa, Tingkat Stres. ABSTRACTType 2 diabetes mellitus (DM ) is a metabolic disease that characterized by an increasing of  blood  glucose because of decreasing insulin secretion by pancreatic beta cells and or insulin resistance disorders.This research aimed to identify the relationship between fasting blood glucose (FBG) level and stress level in patients with  type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). The research design was descriptive correlation with cross sectional approach. The independent variable in this study was stress level. The dependent variable in this study was fasting blood glucose level. The study was at Maos Community Health Center and Graha Amanah Clinic in March 2017.The sample was total sampling. These were 60 respondents who diagnosed  type 2 diabetes mellitus at least 1 year, had FBG level 130 mg / dl, and did not have complications such as chronic kidney failure , and cancer.The results of data analysis by using spearman rho found that there was no correlation between fasting blood glucose level and stress level (p value = 0.137). Keywords: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Fasting Blood Glucose, Stress Level.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF EXERCISE ON INSULIN RESISTANCE IN OBESE TYPE 2 DIABETES PATIENTS

2022 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-61
Author(s):  
Bin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Diabetes Patients

ABSTRACT Introduction: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), also known as non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), accounts for more than 90% of the total number of diabetes mellitus cases and often occurs in middle-aged and elderly people. Objective: To investigate the effect of exercise intervention on insulin resistance in obese type 2 diabetes patients. Methods: Eighty-six obese diabetic patients were screened as experimental subjects in physical examinations and randomly divided into observation and control groups. Visceral fat volume, fasting blood glucose, and fasting insulin of all subjects were measured before and after completion of the 6-month experimental implementation. The insulin resistance was calculated for both groups and the values for each indicator were compared statistically between groups. Results: Control of body weight, body mass index, blood glucose, blood lipids and insulin resistance index were better in the observation group than in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Basal intervention with quantitative exercise can significantly improve insulin resistance in obese type 2 diabetes patients and the effect is better than treatment with diet and conventional exercise. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.

scholarly journals Dietary patterns and glycemic indexes in type 2 diabetes patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Elainy Peixoto Mariano STUDART ◽  
Soraia Pinheiro Machado ARRUDA ◽  
Helena Alves de Carvalho SAMPAIO ◽  
Tatiana Uchôa PASSOS ◽  
Antonio Augusto Ferreira CARIOCA
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Fast Blood Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Diabetes Patients

ABSTRACT Objective To identify the main dietary patterns in type 2 diabetes patients and study their association with glycemic indexes. Methods This is a cross-sectional study carried out in a diabetes treatment reference institution located in the city of Fortaleza (CE). Two R24h were applied, as well as 12h fast blood glucose tests and anthropometric assessments in 188 diabetic patients. The principal components factor analysis method was applied together with a Varimax orthogonal rotation method to identify dietary patterns. The Poisson Regression and the Spearman coefficient were used to test the association with glycemic indexes. Results A hundred eighty eight diabetic patients were evaluated, of which 51.1% patients had decompensated glucose values. Five main dietary patterns were identified: traditional Brazilian, energy-dense, infusion and wholegrain cereal, sandwich and dairy, and healthy diets, which explained 37.2% of the total variance in intake. A negative correlation with glucose was found for the traditional Brazilian diet (p=0.018; r=-0.173). Conclusion Out of the five identified dietary patterns consumed by the type 2 diabetes patients studied, a higher adherence to the traditional Brazilian dietary patterns resulted in lower blood glucose levels.

scholarly journals Association of apolipoproteins A1 and B with type 2 diabetes and fasting blood glucose: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang Gao ◽  
Yaju Zhang ◽  
Xingmin Wang ◽  
Hongli Dong
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Chinese Adults ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Auc Value

Abstract Background Apolipoprotein (Apo) may be associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D), however, little is known whether or not serum apolipoproteins are correlated with fasting blood glucose (FBG) and the prevalence of T2D in Chinese populations. In this study, we examined the association of serum ApoA1, ApoB, and the ratio of ApoB/ApoA1 (ApoB/A1 ratio) with T2D and FBG level, and compared apolipoprotein indicators in predicting T2D in Chinese adults. Methods A total of 1027 subjects were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. The association of ApoA1, ApoB, and ApoB/A1 ratio with T2D prevalence was determined using logistic regression models. Multivariate-analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was performed for comparisons of the mean difference in FBG level. Results We found that ApoB and ApoB/A1 ratio were positively associated with T2D prevalence and FBG, while inverse association was noted between ApoA1 and T2D prevalence as well as FBG. Stratified analyses for sex, age, body mass index (BMI), smoking, and alcohol consumption showed no significant difference for the association of ApoA1, ApoB, and ApoB/A1 ratio with the prevalence of T2D among subgroups (all p-interactions> 0.05). Nonetheless, ApoA1 poorly performed in predicting T2D as it provided an AUC value of 0.310 that was significantly lower than those observed for ApoB (AUC value: 0.631) and ApoB/A1 ratio (AUC value: 0.685). Finally, path analyses indicated that the association between ApoB and T2D was mediated by BMI. Conclusions This study reveals the association of serum ApoA1, ApoB, and ApoB/A1 ratio with T2D and FBG in Chinese adults, suggesting that ApoB and ApoB/A1 ratio may be early indicators for predicting T2D. Prospective investigation in large cohort is needed.

scholarly journals Challenges and factors associated with poor glycemic control among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients at Nekemte referral hospital, western Ethiopia: cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ginenus Fekadu ◽  
Kejela Bula ◽  
Getu Bayisa
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Poor Glycemic Control ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background: Diabetes is increasing at an alarming rate throughout the world and about 80% of diabetics’ lives in developing countries. Similar to the rest of sub Saharan African countries, Ethiopia is experiencing significant burden of diabetes with increased prevalence, complications and mortality as well as life threatening disabilities. Reasons for poor glycemic control in type 2 diabetes are complex and multivariable. Hence, this study was aimed to identify challenges and factors associated with poor glycemic control among type 2 diabetes patients. Method: A hospital based cross sectional study was conducted on type 2 diabetic patients attending diabetic clinic of Nekemte Referral Hospital (NRH) from February 1 to April 30, 2018. Fasting blood glucose of last three clinic visits were obtained and the mean fasting blood glucose measurements was used to determine the level of glycemic control. Analysis included both descriptive and inferential statistics with SPSS version 20.0. Predictor variable with P< 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Result: Out of the total 228 included type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients, 51.8% were males. The mean age of participants was 43±12.4 years and 154(67.5%) were found not following their general dietary program correctly. Nearly one third, 73(32%) of participants never attended diabetic education and 52(22.8%) of the patients had greater than 10 years’ duration on treatment. The majority, 148(64.9%) of patients had poor blood glucose control. Age range of 40-60 years (AOR=2.01, 95% CI 0.04-0.06, P=0.044), being illiterate (AOR = 3.12, 95 % CI 1.52-8.50, P=0.001), having informal education only (AOR=2.28, 95% CI 2.14-32.60, P=0.024), longer duration of diabetes treatment (>10 years) (AOR = 3.94, 95 % CI 1.51-27.83, P=0.012), inadequate physical exercise (AOR = 3.19, 95 % CI 1.05-19.84, P=0.019), smoking (AOR = 4.51, 95 % CI 0.00-0.50, p=0.022) were independent predictors of poor glycemic control up on a multivariable logistic regression analysis. Conclusion: Nearly two third of patients had poorly controlled diabetes. Age, exercise, level of education, duration of the treatment and smoking were significantly associated with poor glycemic control. Health facilities should provide continuous education as well as barriers of glycemic control should be explored with further research.

scholarly journals Clinical and biological risk factors associated with inflammation in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

2022 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed S. Ellulu ◽  
Hanen Samouda
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Biological Risk ◽  
Factors Associated

Abstract Background Chronic inflammation has been associated with insulin resistance and related metabolic dysregulation, including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Several non modifiable (i.e. genetic predisposition) and modifiable (i.e. sedentary lifestyle, energy-dense food) risk factors were suggested to explain the mechanisms involved in the development of inflammation, but are difficult to assess in clinical routine. The present study aimed to identify easy to asses clinical and biological risk factors associated with inflammation in patients with T2DM. Methods One hundred nine patients (51 men, 58 women), 28–60 years old, from seven primary healthcare centers in Gaza City, Palestine, took part to the cross-sectional study (November 2013–May 2014). Study participants had T2DM with no history of inflammatory diseases, cardiovascular diseases, medication and/or any health condition that might affect the inflammatory markers, interleukin 6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein (CRP). Inflammation was defined for IL-6 ≥ 2 pg/mL and CRP ≥ 6 mg/L. Multivariable logistic regressions were used to identify the relationship between inflammation and clinical and biological risk factors. Results After adjustment for age and gender, inflammation seems to increase with increased body mass index (BMI) (OR: 1.427 [1.055–1.931]), increased fasting blood glucose (OR: 1.029 [1.007–1.052]) and decreased adiponectin values (OR: 0.571 [0.361–0.903]). There were also significant relationships between inflammation and BMI (OR: 1.432 [1.042–1.968]), fasting blood glucose (OR: 1.029 [1.006–1.052]) and adiponectin (OR: 0.569 [0.359–0.902]), after adjustment for smoking habits and physical activity. Conclusion Managing obesity and associated complications (i.e. hyperglycemia, high adiponectin levels) might help decreasing inflammation in individuals with T2DM.

Large-Scale Cross-Sectional Study of the Problem Areas in Diabetes Survey among Japanese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Diabetes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 2393-PUB
Author(s):  
KENICHIRO TAKAHASHI ◽  
MINORI SHINODA ◽  
RIKA SAKAMOTO ◽  
JUN SUZUKI ◽  
TADASHI YAMAKAWA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Japanese Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Diabetes Survey
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