A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study on Clinical and Laboratory Profile of Chronic Kidney Disease in Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Patients at a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 278-282
Author(s):  
Arumugam Elumalai ◽  
Navin Boopathy ◽  
Nivedha Balakrishnan
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Renal Failure ◽  
Diabetic Nephropathy ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Laboratory Parameters ◽  
Laboratory Profile

BACKGROUND Diabetic nephropathy is the major cause for chronic kidney disease (CKD) in India, but there is plethora of non-diabetic causes of CKD. This study was conducted to analyse the aetiological profile of CKD, compare demographic details, clinical characteristics, laboratory parameters between diabetic and non-diabetic causes of CKD. METHODS This is a comparative cross-sectional study conducted in a tertiary centre at Maduranthagam, Tamil Nadu, on 250 subjects. The study population included all renal failure cases diagnosed in the study setting during the period December 2017 - December 2019. CKD grade is assessed as per National Kidney Foundation (NKF / KDOQI) staging system. The quantitative variables were analysed by mean, and standard deviation. Categorical variables were analysed by frequency and proportion. RESULTS 250 patients were included in the analysis; 49.20 % were diabetics with a mean age of 62.81 ± 10.44 years, and 50.80 % were non-diabetics with a mean age of 59.24 ± 10.46 years. Among the non-diabetics, 88.98 % had hypertension and 51.22 % among diabetics had hypertension. 55 subjects had both diabetes and hypertension. In the diabetes group, 39.84 % patients had trace proteinuria, 9.76 % had proteinuria +, 4.88 % had proteinuria ++ and 45.53 % participants had proteinuria +++. Among non-diabetics, 51.97 % had trace proteinuria and 40.94 % had proteinuria +++. In both groups, majority of patients had grade 5 renal failure with 57.72 % among diabetics and 56.69 % among non-diabetics. CONCLUSIONS The clinical and laboratory profile was significantly different among the two groups. In diabetic CKD, intensified risk factor control of blood glucose and HbA1c was needed, while in non-diabetic CKD, better blood pressure control measures was needed. KEYWORDS Chronic Kidney Disease, Aetiological Profile, Diabetes Mellitus, Laboratory Parameters, Diabetic Nephropathy, Hypertensive Nephropathy

scholarly journals Gut Microbiome Composition Remains Stable in Individuals with Diabetes-Related Early to Late Stage Chronic Kidney Disease

Biomedicines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Ashani Lecamwasam ◽  
Tiffanie M. Nelson ◽  
Leni Rivera ◽  
Elif I. Ekinci ◽  
Richard Saffery ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Early Event ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Microbiome Composition ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Late Stages

(1) Background: Individuals with diabetes and chronic kidney disease display gut dysbiosis when compared to healthy controls. However, it is unknown whether there is a change in dysbiosis across the stages of diabetic chronic kidney disease. We investigated a cross-sectional study of patients with early and late diabetes associated chronic kidney disease to identify possible microbial differences between these two groups and across each of the stages of diabetic chronic kidney disease. (2) Methods: This cross-sectional study recruited 95 adults. DNA extracted from collected stool samples were used for 16S rRNA sequencing to identify the bacterial community in the gut. (3) Results: The phylum Firmicutes was the most abundant and its mean relative abundance was similar in the early and late chronic kidney disease group, 45.99 ± 0.58% and 49.39 ± 0.55%, respectively. The mean relative abundance for family Bacteroidaceae, was also similar in the early and late group, 29.15 ± 2.02% and 29.16 ± 1.70%, respectively. The lower abundance of Prevotellaceae remained similar across both the early 3.87 ± 1.66% and late 3.36 ± 0.98% diabetic chronic kidney disease groups. (4) Conclusions: The data arising from our cohort of individuals with diabetes associated chronic kidney disease show a predominance of phyla Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes. The families Ruminococcaceae and Bacteroidaceae represent the highest abundance, while the beneficial Prevotellaceae family were reduced in abundance. The most interesting observation is that the relative abundance of these gut microbes does not change across the early and late stages of diabetic chronic kidney disease, suggesting that this is an early event in the development of diabetes associated chronic kidney disease. We hypothesise that the dysbiotic microbiome acquired during the early stages of diabetic chronic kidney disease remains relatively stable and is only one of many risk factors that influence progressive kidney dysfunction.

scholarly journals FGF-23 and Phosphate in Children with Chronic Kidney Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study in Kazakhstan

Medicina ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Altynay Balmukhanova ◽  
Kairat Kabulbayev ◽  
Harika Alpay ◽  
Assiya Kanatbayeva ◽  
Aigul Balmukhanova
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ckd Stage ◽  
Advanced Stages ◽  
Fgf 23 ◽  
Stage 1

Background and objectives: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) in children is a complex medical and social issue around the world. One of the serious complications is mineral-bone disorder (CKD-MBD) which might determine the prognosis of patients and their quality of life. Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF-23) is a phosphaturic hormone which is involved in the pathogenesis of CKD-MBD. The purpose of the study was to determine what comes first in children with CKD: FGF-23 or phosphate. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study included 73 children aged 2–18 years with CKD stages 1–5. We measured FGF-23 and other bone markers in blood samples and studied their associations. Results: Early elevations of FGF-23 were identified in children with CKD stage 2 compared with stage 1 (1.6 (1.5–1.8) pmol/L versus 0.65 (0.22–1.08), p = 0.029). There were significant differences between the advanced stages of the disease. FGF-23 correlated with PTH (r = 0.807, p = 0.000) and phosphate (r = 0.473, p = 0.000). Our study revealed that the elevated level of FGF-23 went ahead hyperphosphatemia and elevated PTH. Thus, more than 50% of children with CKD stage 2 had the elevating level of serum FGF-23, and that index became increasing with the disease progression and it achieved 100% at the dialysis stage. The serum phosphate increased more slowly and only 70.6% of children with CKD stage 5 had the increased values. The PTH increase was more dynamic. Conclusions: FGF-23 is an essential biomarker, elevates long before other markers of bone metabolism (phosphate), and might represent a clinical course of disease.

Mucocutaneous manifestations of patients with chronic kidney disease under hemodialysis: A cross‐sectional study of 49 patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farzam Tajalli ◽  
Seyed‐Mohamad‐Sadegh Mirahmadi ◽  
Samaneh Mozafarpoor ◽  
Azadeh Goodarzi ◽  
Mitra Nasiri Partovi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional
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