On efficiency of vanadium-oxide promoter in cobalt Fischer – Tropsch catalysts

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Elham Yaghoobpour ◽  
Yahya Zamani ◽  
Saeed Zarrinpashne ◽  
Akbar Zamaniyan
Keyword(s):  
Vanadium Oxide ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Incipient Wetness Impregnation ◽  
Impregnation Method ◽  
Fischer Tropsch ◽  
Co Conversion ◽  
Loading Amount

Promoters and their loading amount have crucial roles in cobalt Fischer – Tropsch catalysts. In this regard, the effects of vanadium oxide (V2O5) as a proposed promoter for Co catalyst supported on TiO2 have been investigated. Three catalysts with 0, 1, and 3 wt.% of V2O5 promoter loading are prepared by the incipient wetness impregnation method, and characterized by the BET surface area analyzer, XRD, H2-TPR, and TEM techniques. The fixed-bed reactor was employed for their evaluations. It was found that the catalyst containing 1 wt.% V2O5 has the best performance among the evaluated catalysts, demonstrating remarkable selectivity: 92 % C5+ and 5.7 % CH4, together with preserving the amount of CO conversion compared to the unpromoted catalyst. Furthermore, it is reported that the excess addition of V2O5 promoter (> 1 wt.%) in the introduced catalyst leads to the detrimental effect on the CO conversion and C5+ selectivity, mainly owing to diminished active sites by V2O5 loading.

scholarly journals Study on Low-Temperature Catalytic Dehydrogenation Reaction of Tail Chlorine by Pd/Al2O3

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Hanhan Wang ◽  
Tingting Lu ◽  
Yuna Li ◽  
Bo Wu ◽  
Jianwei Xue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Incipient Wetness Impregnation ◽  
Catalytic Dehydrogenation ◽  
Impregnation Method ◽  
Pd Catalysts ◽  
Dehydrogenation Reaction ◽  
Loading Amount ◽  
Oxygen Reaction

The catalytic dehydrogenation reaction of tail chlorine by Pd was studied using a fixed-bed reactor at low temperature from 30 to 100°C. Different catalyst supports such as SiO2 and Al2O3 were applied to prepare Pd catalysts by the incipient-wetness impregnation method. And the catalysts were characterized by XRD, FTIR, XPS, SEM, and N2 adsorption-desorption. The catalyst Pd loading on both SiO2 and Al2O3 had a catalytic effect on the dehydrogenation reaction, but the carrier Al2O3 was more superior. The hydrogen conversion and selectivity of hydrogen-oxygen reaction increased first and then decreased with Pd loading amount and temperature by using Pd/Al2O3 as catalysts, but the influence of temperature was limited when it was higher than 60°C. The hydrogen conversion was 97.38% and selectivity of hydrogen-oxygen reaction was 79% when the reaction temperature was at 60°C with 1 wt.% Pd/Al2O3.

scholarly journals Tungsten Oxide-Modified SSZ-13 Zeolite as an Efficient Catalyst for Ethylene-To-Propylene Reaction

Catalysts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 553
Author(s):  
Mansurbek Urol ugli Abdullaev ◽  
Sungjune Lee ◽  
Tae-Wan Kim ◽  
Chul-Ung Kim
Keyword(s):  
Tungsten Oxide ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Acid Sites ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Incipient Wetness Impregnation ◽  
Impregnation Method ◽  
Efficient Catalyst ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Propylene Selectivity ◽  
Temperature Programmed

Among the zeolitic catalysts for the ethylene-to-propylene (ETP) reaction, the SSZ-13 zeolite shows the highest catalytic activity based on both its suitable pore architecture and tunable acidity. In this study, in order to improve the propylene selectivity further, the surface of the SSZ-13 zeolite was modified with various amounts of tungsten oxide ranging from 1 wt% to 15 wt% via a simple incipient wetness impregnation method. The prepared catalysts were characterized with several analysis techniques, specifically, powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), Raman spectroscopy, temperature-programmed reduction of hydrogen (H2-TPR), temperature-programmed desorption of ammonia (NH3-TPD), inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES), and N2 sorption, and their catalytic activities were investigated in a fixed-bed reactor system. The tungsten oxide-modified SSZ-13 catalysts demonstrated significantly improved propylene selectivity and yield compared to the parent H-SSZ-13 catalyst. For the tungsten oxide loading, 10 wt% loading showed the highest propylene yield of 64.9 wt%, which was 6.5 wt% higher than the pristine H-SSZ-13 catalyst. This can be related to not only the milder and decreased strong acid sites but also the diffusion restriction of bulky byproducts, as supported by scanning transmission electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (STEM-EDS) observation.

Effects of Cu and K Promoters on the Catalytic Performance of Iron-Based Nanocatalyst for Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis

2013 ◽  
Vol 832 ◽  
pp. 15-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Faiz Hanna Tasfy ◽  
Noor Asmawati Mohd Zabidi ◽  
Duvvuri Subbarao
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Space Velocity ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
Reactant Ratio ◽  
Impregnation Method ◽  
Fischer Tropsch ◽  
Heavy Hydrocarbons ◽  
Co Conversion ◽  
Iron Based

Iron-based nanocatalyst was prepared via impregnation method on SiO2 support. The effects of promoters, namely, K and Cu, on the physical properties and catalytic performance in FTS have been investigated. The FTS performance of the synthesized nanocatalysts was examined in a fixed-bed microreactor at temperature of 523K, atmospheric pressure, 1.5 reactant ratio (H2/CO) and space velocity of 3L/g-cat.h. In FTS reaction, Cu promoter resulted in a lower CO conversion and C5+ hydrocarbons selectivity but higher selectivity to the lighter hydrocarbons (C1-C4) comparedto those obtained using the K promoter. Higher CO conversion (28.9%) and C5+ hydrocarbons selectivity (54.4%) were obtained using K as a promoter compared to that of Cu promoter. However, the K-promoted nanocatalyst resulted in a lower CO conversion but higher selectivity of the heavy hydrocarbons (C5+) compared to those obtained using the un-promoted nanocatalyst.

Effect of CO Conversion on the Product Distribution of a Co/Al2O3 Fischer–Tropsch Synthesis Catalyst Using a Fixed Bed Reactor

2012 ◽  
Vol 142 (11) ◽  
pp. 1382-1387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragomir B. Bukur ◽  
Zhendong Pan ◽  
Wenping Ma ◽  
Gary Jacobs ◽  
Burtron H. Davis
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Product Distribution ◽  
Tropsch Synthesis ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Fischer Tropsch ◽  
Fischer Tropsch Synthesis ◽  
Co Conversion

scholarly journals Effect of CO2 partial pressure on dry reforming of ethanol for hydrogen production

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-10
Author(s):  
Fahim Fayaz ◽  
Ahmad Ziad Sulaiman ◽  
Sharanjit Singh ◽  
Sweeta Akbari
Keyword(s):  
Partial Pressure ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Dry Reforming ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Impregnation Method ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Co2 Partial Pressure ◽  
Temperature Programmed ◽  
Al2o3 Catalyst

The effect of CO2 partial pressure on ethanol dry reforming was evaluated over 5%Ce-10%Co/Al2O3 catalyst at = PCO2 = 20-50 kPa, PC2H5OH = 20 kPa, reaction temperature of 973 K under atmospheric pressure. The catalyst was prepared by using impregnation method and tested in a fixed-bed reactor. X-ray diffraction measurements studied the formation of Co3O4, spinel CoAl2O4 and CeO2, phases on surface of 5%Ce-10%Co/Al2O3 catalyst. CeO2, CoO and Co3O4 oxides were obtained during temperature–programmed calcination. Ce-promoted 10%Co/Al2O3 catalyst possessed high BET surface area of 137.35 m2 g-1. C2H5OH and CO2 conversions was improved with increasing CO2 partial pressure from 20-50 kPa whilst the optimal selectivity of H2 and CO was achieved at 50 kPa.

Effects of Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metals on NOx Reduction in Coke Combustion

2013 ◽  
Vol 634-638 ◽  
pp. 522-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Guang Chen ◽  
Hong Jing Han ◽  
Jia Lu ◽  
Dan Dan Li ◽  
Jin Lian Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Earth ◽  
Nox Reduction ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Alkaline Earth Metals ◽  
Reduction Ratio ◽  
Nox Emission ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Impregnation Method ◽  
Loading Amount

A series of coke samples with loading alkali and alkaline earth metals were prepared by the impregnation method, the NOx emission were investigated in a silica fixed bed reactor in the combustion process of raw coke and coke modified by Na, K, Ca and Mg. The results show that Na, K, Ca and Mg play in-situ catalytic effects on the NOx reduction reactions. When the loading amount of Na2CO3 is 2.0%, the NOx reduction ratio was around 17.4%, when the loading of K2CO3 is 2.0%, the amount of NOx emission is reduced by 26.5%. When the loading of CaCl2 is 2.0%, the amount of NOx emission is reduced by 22.3%. When the loading of MgCl2 is 2.0%, the NOx reduction ratio is about 10.9%.

What is the Effect of Promoter Loading on Alkalized Bimetallic Co-Mo Catalyst for Higher Alcohols Synthesis from Syngas?

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-94
Author(s):  
R. G. Moqadam ◽  
A. Tavasoli ◽  
M. Salimi
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Incipient Wetness Impregnation ◽  
Operating Pressure ◽  
Impregnation Method ◽  
Higher Alcohol Synthesis ◽  
Higher Alcohol ◽  
Alcohol Synthesis ◽  
Higher Alcohols Synthesis ◽  
Methanol Formation

Manganese and nickel co-modified K/Co/MoS2 catalysts supported on graphene were prepared by incipient wetness impregnation method for application in higher alcohol synthesis (HAS). All catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), nitrogen adsorptiondesorption, temperature-programmed reduction (TPR) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The effect of promoters, as well as supports on higher alcohol synthesis production from syngas, was investigated in a fixed bed reactor. The process was performed with an molar ratio H2 : CO = 1 : 1, operating pressure and temperature of 4 MPa and 330 °C, respectively, and gas hourly space velocity (GHSV) 3.84 m3 (STP)/(kgcat.·h) as reaction conditions (STP – standard temperature and pressure). Results originated from practical works showed that the addition of Ni to the graphene-based catalyst increased HAS production and decreased methanol formation. The total alcohols space-time yield (STY) and alcohol selectivity on Ni/Mn/Co/Mo/K/graphene catalyst reached a maximum at 0.41 galc./(gcat.·h) and 63.51 %, respectively, which is higher than the same composition over alumina supported catalyst.

scholarly journals Effects of Cobalt Loading, Particle Size, and Calcination Condition on Co/CNT Catalyst Performance in Fischer–Tropsch Reactions

Symmetry ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omid Akbarzadeh ◽  
Noor Mohd Zabidi ◽  
Yasmin Abdul Wahab ◽  
Nor Hamizi ◽  
Zaira Chowdhury ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Fischer Tropsch ◽  
Strong Electrostatic Adsorption ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Co Conversion ◽  
Cobalt Loading ◽  
Temperature Programmed

The strong electrostatic adsorption (SEA) method was applied to the synthesis of a cobalt (Co) catalyst on a multi-walled carbon nanotube (CNT) support. In order to uptake more of the cobalt cluster with higher dispersion, the CNT was functionalized via acid and thermal treatment. The Co/CNT catalyst samples were characterized by a range of methods including the Brunauer–Emmet–Teller (BET) surface area analyzer, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis, atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), and H2-temperature programmed reduction (H2-TPR) analysis. The data from the TEM images revealed that the catalyst was highly dispersed over the external and internal walls of the CNT and that it demonstrated a narrow particle size of 6–8 nm. In addition, the data from the H2-TPR studies showed a lower reduction temperature (420 °C) for the pre-treated catalyst samples. Furthermore, a Fischer–Tropsch synthesis (FTS) reaction was chosen to evaluate the Co/CNT catalyst performance by using a fixed-bed microreactor at different parameters. Finally finding the optimum value of the cobalt loading percentage, particle size, and calcination conditions of Co/CNT catalyst resulted in a CO conversion and C5+ selectivity of 58.7% and 83.2%, respectively.

scholarly journals Biofuel production over Fischer-Tropsch synthesis: effect of Fe-Co/meso-HZSM-5 catalyst weight on product composition and process conversion

2021 ◽  
pp. 19-27
Author(s):  
Jimmy Jimmy ◽  
Achmad Roesyadi ◽  
Suprapto Suprapto ◽  
Firman Kurniawansyah
Keyword(s):  
Synthesis Gas ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Tropsch Synthesis ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Incipient Wetness Impregnation ◽  
Fischer Tropsch ◽  
Fischer Tropsch Synthesis ◽  
Product Composition ◽  
Co Conversion

Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis (FTS) using Fe-Co/meso-HZSM-5 catalyst has been investigated. The impregnated iron and cobalt on HZSM-5 could be used as bifunction catalyst which combined polimerizing synthesis gas and long hydrocarbon cracking for making biofuel (saturated C5–C25 hydrocarbons as gasoline, kerosene and diesel oil). The study emphasized the effect of catalyst weight on product composition and process conversion. The HZSM-5, had been converted from ammonium ZSM-5 through calcination, and then desilicated with NaOH solution. The Co(NO3)2.6H2O and Fe(NO3)3.9H2O were used as precursor for incipient wetness impregnation (IWI) on amorphous meso-HZSM-5. The catalyst consisted of 10 % Fe and 90 % Co by weight, called 10Fe-90Co/meso-HZSM-5. All catalysts were reduced in situ in the continuous reactor with flowing hydrogen at 25 mL/min, 1 bar, 400 °C for 10 hours. The catalyst performance was observed in the same continuous fixed bed reactor at 25 mL/min synthesis gas (30 % CO, 60 % H2, 10 % N2), 250 °C, 20 bar for 96 hours. Various catalyst weight (1, 1.2, 1.4, 1.6 gram) were applied in FTS. The desilicated HZSM-5 properties (BET analysis) were 6.1–29.9 nm mesoporous diameter, 0.3496 cc/g average mesoporous volume, 526.035 cc/g pore surface area, and the EDX analysis gave 22.1059 Si/Al ratio and 16.11 % loading (by weight) on meso-HZSM-5. The reduced catalyst showed the XRD spectra of Fe (66°), Fe-Co alloy (44.50°) and Co3O4 (36.80°). The reaction using 1 gram of 10Fe-90Co/meso-HZSM-5 catalyst produced the largest composition and conversion. The 1 gram catalyst gave the largest normal selectivity of gasoline (19.15 %) and kerosene (55.18 %). While the largest normal diesel oil selectivity (24.17 %) was obtained from 1.4 gram of catalyst. The CO conversion per gram of catalyst showed similar value (CO conversion of 26–28 %) for all catalyst weight

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