Effects of Cu and K Promoters on the Catalytic Performance of Iron-Based Nanocatalyst for Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis

Iron-based nanocatalyst was prepared via impregnation method on SiO2 support. The effects of promoters, namely, K and Cu, on the physical properties and catalytic performance in FTS have been investigated. The FTS performance of the synthesized nanocatalysts was examined in a fixed-bed microreactor at temperature of 523K, atmospheric pressure, 1.5 reactant ratio (H2/CO) and space velocity of 3L/g-cat.h. In FTS reaction, Cu promoter resulted in a lower CO conversion and C5+ hydrocarbons selectivity but higher selectivity to the lighter hydrocarbons (C1-C4) comparedto those obtained using the K promoter. Higher CO conversion (28.9%) and C5+ hydrocarbons selectivity (54.4%) were obtained using K as a promoter compared to that of Cu promoter. However, the K-promoted nanocatalyst resulted in a lower CO conversion but higher selectivity of the heavy hydrocarbons (C5+) compared to those obtained using the un-promoted nanocatalyst.

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On efficiency of vanadium-oxide promoter in cobalt Fischer – Tropsch catalysts

Kataliz v promyshlennosti ◽

10.18412/1816-0387-2021-1-2-15 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (1-2) ◽

pp. 15

Author(s):

Elham Yaghoobpour ◽

Yahya Zamani ◽

Saeed Zarrinpashne ◽

Akbar Zamaniyan

Keyword(s):

Vanadium Oxide ◽

Active Sites ◽

Fixed Bed ◽

Fixed Bed Reactor ◽

Bet Surface Area ◽

Incipient Wetness Impregnation ◽

Impregnation Method ◽

Fischer Tropsch ◽

Co Conversion ◽

Loading Amount

Promoters and their loading amount have crucial roles in cobalt Fischer – Tropsch catalysts. In this regard, the effects of vanadium oxide (V2O5) as a proposed promoter for Co catalyst supported on TiO2 have been investigated. Three catalysts with 0, 1, and 3 wt.% of V2O5 promoter loading are prepared by the incipient wetness impregnation method, and characterized by the BET surface area analyzer, XRD, H2-TPR, and TEM techniques. The fixed-bed reactor was employed for their evaluations. It was found that the catalyst containing 1 wt.% V2O5 has the best performance among the evaluated catalysts, demonstrating remarkable selectivity: 92 % C5+ and 5.7 % CH4, together with preserving the amount of CO conversion compared to the unpromoted catalyst. Furthermore, it is reported that the excess addition of V2O5 promoter (> 1 wt.%) in the introduced catalyst leads to the detrimental effect on the CO conversion and C5+ selectivity, mainly owing to diminished active sites by V2O5 loading.

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The Potential Use of Raw Iron Ore in Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis

International Journal of Petroleum Technology ◽

10.15377/2409-787x.2021.08.8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

pp. 99-115

Author(s):

Samuel Mubenesha ◽

Chike George Okoye-Chine ◽

Franscina Katuchero Ramutsindela ◽

Joshua Gorimbo ◽

Mahluli Moyo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Iron Ore ◽

Iron Catalyst ◽

Fixed Bed ◽

Catalytic Performance ◽

Pilot Scale ◽

Manufacturing Cost ◽

Fischer Tropsch ◽

Ft Synthesis ◽

Co Conversion ◽

The Cost

Fischer-Tropsch (FT) synthesis has been studied in the literature as a greener pathway to cleaner and sustainable hydrocarbons production. However, the cost to upscale laboratory FT formulations to pilot scale is significantly expensive. This work proposes a cheaper and scalable low-temperature FT modified iron ore catalyst that is mechanically suited for fixed bed reactors. The mechanical strength reported in this investigation was three times more than commercial alumina spherical pellets and, therefore, suitable for pilot scale scenarios. A manufacturing cost analysis of iron ore was estimated to be US$38.45/kg using the CatCost model, and the conventionally prepared iron catalyst was US$71.44/kg using the same model. The manufacturing cost estimations of modified iron ore were found to be 46% cheaper than a conventional commercial iron catalyst. The catalytic performance of the modified iron ore catalyst showed a CO conversion of 72.1% ±4.24, with WGS and C5+ selectivity 48.6% ±1.96 and 83.2% ± 5.24, respectively. These findings were comparable (both in CO conversion and product selectivity) to the ones reported by other researchers.

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Effect of Temperature, Syngas Space Velocity and Catalyst Stability of Co-Mn/CNT Bimetallic Catalyst on Fischer Tropsch Synthesis Performance

Catalysts ◽

10.3390/catal11070846 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (7) ◽

pp. 846

Author(s):

Omid Akbarzadeh ◽

Solhe F. Alshahateet ◽

Noor Asmawati Mohd Zabidi ◽

Seyedehmaryam Moosavi ◽

Amir Kordijazi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Reaction Temperature ◽

Bimetallic Catalyst ◽

Fixed Bed ◽

Absorption Spectrometry ◽

Space Velocity ◽

Catalyst Stability ◽

Effect Of Temperature ◽

Fischer Tropsch ◽

Strong Electrostatic Adsorption ◽

Co Conversion

The effect of reaction temperature, syngas space velocity, and catalyst stability on Fischer-Tropsch reaction was investigated using a fixed-bed microreactor. Cobalt and Manganese bimetallic catalysts on carbon nanotubes (CNT) support (Co-Mn/CNT) were synthesized via the strong electrostatic adsorption (SEA) method. For testing the performance of the catalyst, Co-Mn/CNT catalysts with four different manganese percentages (0, 5, 10, 15, and 20%) were synthesized. Synthesized catalysts were then analyzed by TEM, FESEM, atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS), and zeta potential sizer. In this study, the temperature was varied from 200 to 280 °C and syngas space velocity was varied from 0.5 to 4.5 L/g.h. Results showed an increasing reaction temperature from 200 °C to 280 °C with reaction pressure of 20 atm, the Space velocity of 2.5 L/h.g and H2/CO ratio of 2, lead to the rise of CO % conversion from 59.5% to 88.2% and an increase for C5+ selectivity from 83.2% to 85.8%. When compared to the other catalyst formulation, the catalyst sample with 95% cobalt and 5% manganese on CNT support (95Co5Mn/CNT) performed more stable for 48 h on stream.

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Catalytic combustion of isopropanol over Co–ZSM-5 zeolite membrane catalysts in structured fixed-bed reactor

Royal Society Open Science ◽

10.1098/rsos.180587 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (8) ◽

pp. 180587 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Xiaotong Zhang ◽

Ying Yan

Keyword(s):

Catalytic Combustion ◽

Secondary Growth ◽

Fixed Bed ◽

Space Velocity ◽

Catalytic Performance ◽

Zeolite Membrane ◽

Fixed Bed Reactor ◽

Impregnation Method ◽

Feed Concentration ◽

Growth Method

Catalytic combustion of isopropanol in the structured fixed-bed reactor was investigated over Co–ZSM-5 zeolite membrane catalysts. Firstly, ZSM-5 zeolite membrane catalysts with different Si/Al ratios were coated onto the surface of stainless steel fibres via secondary growth method and wet lay-up paper-making method. Then, cobalt oxides were loaded onto the zeolite membranes by impregnation method. The performance of catalytic combustion of isopropanol was conducted over the prepared zeolite membrane catalysts, and the experimental results showed that the catalyst with infinite Si/Al ratio has the highest catalytic activity for the combustion with the lowest T 90 of isopropanol (285°C). Finally, the effects of bed structure, feed concentration, gas hourly space velocity and reaction temperature on the catalytic performance were investigated to analyse the kinetics of isopropanol over the catalyst with infinite Si/Al ratio in the structured fixed-bed reactor. The results showed that the longer residence time could cause higher reaction contact efficiency of isopropanol combustion. T 90 of isopropanol can be dramatically decreased by 105°C in the fixed-bed reactor packed with Co–ZSM-5 zeolite membrane catalysts, compared to the fixed-bed reactor packed with granular catalyst.

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Catalytic performance on iron-based Fischer–Tropsch catalyst in fixed-bed and bubbling fluidized-bed reactor

Applied Catalysis B Environmental ◽

10.1016/j.apcatb.2011.01.024 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 103 (1-2) ◽

pp. 169-180 ◽

Cited By ~ 41

Author(s):

Suk-Hwan Kang ◽

Jong Wook Bae ◽

Joo-Young Cheon ◽

Yun-Jo Lee ◽

Kyoung-Su Ha ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fluidized Bed ◽

Fixed Bed ◽

Fluidized Bed Reactor ◽

Catalytic Performance ◽

Fischer Tropsch ◽

Bubbling Fluidized Bed ◽

Iron Based

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CO2 valorization into synthetic natural gas (SNG) using a Co–Ni bimetallic Y2O3 based catalysts

International Journal of Chemical Reactor Engineering ◽

10.1515/ijcre-2020-0163 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Radwa A. El-Salamony ◽

Sara A. El-Sharaky ◽

Seham A. Al-Temtamy ◽

Ahmed M. Al-Sabagh ◽

Hamada M. Killa

Keyword(s):

Reaction Mechanism ◽

Natural Gas ◽

Fixed Bed ◽

Catalytic Performance ◽

Fixed Bed Reactor ◽

Molar Ratio ◽

Impregnation Method ◽

Synthetic Natural Gas ◽

Methanation Reaction ◽

Co2 Valorization

Abstract Recently, because of the increasing demand for natural gas and the reduction of greenhouse gases, interests have focused on producing synthetic natural gas (SNG), which is suggested as an important future energy carrier. Hydrogenation of CO2, the so-called methanation reaction, is a suitable technique for the fixation of CO2. Nickel supported on yttrium oxide and promoted with cobalt were prepared by the wet-impregnation method respectively and characterized using SBET, XRD, FTIR, XPS, TPR, and HRTEM/EDX. CO2 hydrogenation over the Ni/Y2O3 catalyst was examined and compared with Co–Ni/Y2O3 catalysts, Co% = 10 and 15 wt/wt. The catalytic test was conducted with the use of a fixed-bed reactor under atmospheric pressure. The catalytic performance temperature was 350 °C with a supply of H2:CO2 molar ratio of 4 and a total flow rate of 200 mL/min. The CH4 yield was reached 67%, and CO2 conversion extended 48.5% with CO traces over 10Co–Ni/Y2O3 catalyst. This encourages the direct methanation reaction mechanism. However, the reaction mechanism over Ni/Y2O3 catalyst shows different behaviors rather than that over bi-metal catalysts, whereas the steam reforming of methane reaction was arisen associated with methane consumption besides increase in H2 and CO formation; at the same temperature reaction.

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Performance Analysis of TiO2-Modified Co/MgAl2O4 Catalyst for Dry Reforming of Methane in a Fixed Bed Reactor for Syngas (H2, CO) Production

Energies ◽

10.3390/en14113347 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (11) ◽

pp. 3347

Author(s):

Arslan Mazhar ◽

Asif Hussain Khoja ◽

Abul Kalam Azad ◽

Faisal Mushtaq ◽

Salman Raza Naqvi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Catalytic Activity ◽

Fixed Bed ◽

Catalytic Performance ◽

Dry Reforming ◽

Fixed Bed Reactor ◽

Dry Reforming Of Methane ◽

Catalyst Stability ◽

Feed Ratio ◽

Catalyst Loading ◽

Impregnation Method

Co/TiO2–MgAl2O4 was investigated in a fixed bed reactor for the dry reforming of methane (DRM) process. Co/TiO2–MgAl2O4 was prepared by modified co-precipitation, followed by the hydrothermal method. The active metal Co was loaded via the wetness impregnation method. The prepared catalyst was characterized by XRD, SEM, TGA, and FTIR. The performance of Co/TiO2–MgAl2O4 for the DRM process was investigated in a reactor with a temperature of 750 °C, a feed ratio (CO2/CH4) of 1, a catalyst loading of 0.5 g, and a feed flow rate of 20 mL min−1. The effect of support interaction with metal and the composite were studied for catalytic activity, the composite showing significantly improved results. Moreover, among the tested Co loadings, 5 wt% Co over the TiO2–MgAl2O4 composite shows the best catalytic performance. The 5%Co/TiO2–MgAl2O4 improved the CH4 and CO2 conversion by up to 70% and 80%, respectively, while the selectivity of H2 and CO improved to 43% and 46.5%, respectively. The achieved H2/CO ratio of 0.9 was due to the excess amount of CO produced because of the higher conversion rate of CO2 and the surface carbon reaction with oxygen species. Furthermore, in a time on stream (TOS) test, the catalyst exhibited 75 h of stability with significant catalytic activity. Catalyst potential lies in catalyst stability and performance results, thus encouraging the further investigation and use of the catalyst for the long-run DRM process.

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Effect of Cobalt Catalyst Confinement in Carbon Nanotubes Support on Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis Performance

Symmetry ◽

10.3390/sym10110572 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. 572 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Omid Akbarzadeh ◽

Noor Mohd Zabidi ◽

Yasmin Abdul Wahab ◽

Nor Hamizi ◽

Zaira Chowdhury ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Carbon Nanotubes ◽

Fixed Bed ◽

Tropsch Synthesis ◽

Fischer Tropsch ◽

Fischer Tropsch Synthesis ◽

Cobalt Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Co Conversion ◽

Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽

Pre Treatment ◽

The Stability

Pre-treating the multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) support by refluxing in 35 vol% nitric acid followed by heating at the temperature of 600 to 900 °C resulted in the formation of defects on the CNTs. Increasing the temperature of the pre-treatment of the CNTs from 600 °C to 900 °C, enhanced the fraction of cobalt-oxide nanoparticles encapsulated in the channels of CNTs from 31% to 70%. The performance of Co/CNTs in Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTS) was evaluated in a fixed-bed micro-reactor at a temperature of 240 °C and a pressure of 2.0 MPa. The highest CO conversion obtained over Co/CNTs.A.900 was 59% and it dropped by ~3% after 130 h of time-on-stream. However, maximum CO conversion using Co/CNTs.A.600 catalysts was 28% and it decreased rapidly by about 54% after 130 h of time-on-stream. These findings show that the combined acid and thermal pre-treatment of CNTs support at 900 °C has improved the stability and activity of the Co/CNTs catalyst in FTS.

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Influence Factors of Denitration Study on Catalyst Mn-Ce/TiO2

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.634-638.526 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 634-638 ◽

pp. 526-530

Author(s):

Chun Xiang Geng ◽

Qian Qian Chai ◽

Wei Yao ◽

Chen Long Wang

Keyword(s):

Reaction Temperature ◽

Catalytic Reduction ◽

Removal Rate ◽

Load Capacity ◽

Fixed Bed ◽

Influence Factors ◽

Space Velocity ◽

Molar Ratio ◽

Impregnation Method ◽

Ammonia Gas

Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) processes have been one of the most widely used denitration methods at present and the property of low tempreture catalyst becomes a hot research. The Mn-Ce/TiO2 catalyst was prepared by incipient impregnation method. The influence of load capacity, reaction temperature, O2 content, etc. on denitration were studied by a fixed bed catalyst reactor with ammonia gas. Results showed that catalyst with load capacity 18% performed high NO removal rate of 90% at conditions of reaction temperature 160°C, low space velocity, NH3/NO molar ratio 1: 1, O2 concentration 6%.

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