Environmental and Resource-Saving Technologies for Void Extinguishing During Underground Ore Mining

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (8) ◽  
pp. 28-33
Author(s):  
V.I. Lyashenko ◽  
T.V. Chekushina ◽  
T.V. Dudar ◽  
I.A. Lisovoy
Keyword(s):  
Underground Mining ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Ore Deposits ◽  
Electrical Activation ◽  
Vital Activity ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Influence Zone ◽  
Metallurgical Production ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Production Wastes

The substantiation of environmental and resource-saving technologies for the repayment of voids in underground ore mining is provided, which ensures the preservation of the day surface and the vital activity of the population living in the influence zone of the mining region. The expediency of utilizing mining and metallurgical production wastes into underground mined spaces (man-made voids) as components of hardening filling mixtures is shown. The effectiveness of the use of vibration, mechanical and electrical activation of components of the hardening filling mixture in mining enterprises has been established. The research results can be used in underground mining of ore deposits of complex structure.

Environmental and Resource-Saving Technologies and Technical Equipment for Processing and Disposal of Man-General Formation and Waste

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 10-15
Author(s):  
V.I. Lyashenko ◽  
T.V. Chekushina ◽  
T.V. Dudar ◽  
I.A. Lisovoy
Keyword(s):  
Underground Mining ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Ore Deposits ◽  
State Enterprise ◽  
Utilization Rate ◽  
Technical Equipment ◽  
Vital Activity ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Metallurgical Production ◽  
Zone Of Influence

The substantiation of environmental and resource-saving technologies and technical means for the processing and disposal of man-made formations and waste from mining and metallurgical production into underground mined-out spaces (man-made voids) as components of hardening filling mixtures is given. This will ensure the safety of the day surface from destruction and the vital activity of the population living in the zone of influence of the mining region. It was found that for the mines of the State Enterprise "VostGOK" (Ukraine), the utilization rate of waste of own production for the hardening filling is from 0.45 to 0.68; hydraulic – from 0.56 to 0.75; free-flowing – 0.62, and the extraction of each ton of salable ore is accompanied by the output of 0.7–0.8 tons of waste. The research results can be used in underground mining of ore deposits of complex structure and mining and metallurgical production.

scholarly journals OPTIMIZATION OF ORE DEPOSITS SEISMIC FACTOR PARAMETERS DESIGN

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
В.И. Ляшенко ◽  
О.Г. Бурдзиева ◽  
К.Г. Каргинов ◽  
В.И. Голик
Keyword(s):  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Ore Deposits ◽  
Seismic Action ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Seismic Safety ◽  
Experimental Section ◽  
Quantitative Parameters ◽  
Camera Systems ◽  
Seismic Vibrations

Систематизированы особенности локализации и разработки месторождений руд сложного строения с развитой тектоникой и интенсивной трещиноватостью. Приведены результаты исследования влияния взрывных работ в экспериментальном блоке. Определены количественные параметры сейсмического действия взрыва с учетом закономерностей распространения сейсмовзрывных колебаний. Определена сейсмобезопасная величина заряда для промышленных и гражданских строений, жилых зданий и других объектов. Описаны закономерности распространения сейсмического действия взрыва в районе ведения горных работ. Даны рекомендации по применению природоохранных и ресурсосберегающих технологий для камерных систем разработки с закладкой выработанного пространства твердеющими смесями. Systematized features of localization and development of ore deposits complex structure developed tectonics and intense fracturing. The results of studies of the effect of blasting operations in the experimental section. The quantitative parameters of the seismic action explosion taking into account the laws of propagation of seismic vibrations. Determined seismic safety for industrial and civil buildings, residential buildings and other objects of value of the charge.The regularities of seismic action of explosion in the area of mining. Recommendations on the use of environmental and resource-saving technologies for the development of camera systems with laying out space hardening mixtures.

scholarly journals Evaluation of efficiency and environmental safety of leaching metals from ore: ways of development and prospects

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3(59)) ◽  
pp. 19-26
Author(s):  
Vasil Lyashenko ◽  
Oleh Khomenko ◽  
Tatiana Chekushina ◽  
Tamara Dudar ◽  
Fedor Topolnij
Keyword(s):  
Mine Water ◽  
Underground Mining ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Ore Deposits ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Metal Extraction ◽  
Material Base ◽  
Technological Parameters

The object of research is traditional mining technologies and technical means in combination with underground block leaching (UBL) of metals from rock ores with their preliminary crushing with explosives in installations mounted in mine workings. One of the most problematic areas is the difficulty of achieving a given crushing quality, as well as the required height of ore storage in the chamber for the subsequent leaching of metals and a loosening factor, taking into account the control of the energy of explosive destruction of rock ores. The study used: – data from literary sources and patent documentation in the field of technologies and technical means for UBL of metals from ores in energy disturbed massifs, substantiation of technological parameters of operational blocks; – laboratory and production experiments; – physical modeling of metal extraction from ores from the average linear size of a piece of blasted ore. Analytical studies, comparative analysis of theoretical and practical results using standard and new methods were carried out with the participation of the authors. It was found that the most intensive infiltration leaching occurs when the size class of ore lumps is –100+0 mm. Metals are extracted from fractions –200+100 mm less intensively and for a longer time. To neutralize and flush the spent ore mass, it is recommended to treat it with lime solution and mine water through wells for supplying leaching solutions (irrigation system). The protection of the hydrogeological environment is carried out by silting the bottom of the chamber for collecting productive solutions with clay solution and by constant monitoring of mine water pollution in the zone of UBL influence. On the basis of the positive results obtained from the study and implementation of technologies for UBL of metals from rock ores during the development of block 5–86, in accordance with the recommendations issued, the same approach was used for blocks 5–84–86 and 5–88–90, as well as industrial experimental block 1–75–79. Due to the involvement in the production of substandard ores, the raw material base for the extraction of metals, at the operating mines, can be increased by 1.4–1.6 times. The research results can be used in underground mining of ore deposits of complex structure in Ukraine, the Russian Federation, the Republic of Kazakhstan and other developed mining countries of the world.

Experience in the development of innovative underground geotechnologies for mining of ore deposits

2020 ◽  
pp. 338-350
Author(s):  
I. V. Sokolov ◽  
Y. G. Antipin ◽  
N. V. Gobov ◽  
I. V. Nikitin
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Approach ◽  
Underground Mining ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Ore Deposits ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Processing Waste ◽  
Ore Preparation ◽  
Additional Value

Based on an analysis of the design principles and practice of underground mining of ore deposits, the most significant features, trends to develop and directions to enhance of underground geotechnology in the field of opening and preparation, mining systems, filling works and ore preparation have been established. The main signs of innovation - scientific research and implementation in production in order to obtain additional value, are highlighted. Various approaches to the development of innovative underground geotechnologies are shown and a methodology for their justification is formulated based on a systematic approach implemented in the framework of the concept of integrated development of mineral resources and on the principles of economic efficiency, industrial and environmental safety, completeness of subsoil development. The experience of the IM UB RAS on the development and implementation of innovative underground geotechnologies in the design and industrial operation of a number of ore deposits is given, which significantly increased the completeness and quality of ore extraction from the subsoil, increased labor productivity in sinking and stoping works, reduced capital and operating costs for ore mining and to utilize mining and processing waste in the mined-out space.

scholarly journals Mining of rich iron ore deposits of complex structure under the conditions of rock pressure development

2020 ◽  
Vol 201 ◽  
pp. 01022
Author(s):  
Serhii Pysmennyi ◽  
Mykhailo Fedko ◽  
Nataliia Shvaher ◽  
Serhii Chukharev
Keyword(s):  
Rock Pressure ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Ore Deposits ◽  
Mining System ◽  
Mining Depth ◽  
Parabolic Shape ◽  
Pressure Development ◽  
Iron Ore Deposits ◽  
Horizontal Pressure ◽  
Compensation Chamber

The purpose of research is to increase the ore mass extraction ratio when mining rich iron ores by changing the shape of the stope chamber, as well as to substantiate its stable parameters under the conditions of the rock pressure manifestation. Used in mines existing methodologies for determining the structural elements of mining system are based on calculated equivalent spans of outcropping the stope chambers, which have a rectangular or tent shape. For the first time using the ANSYS software package, it has been determined that the formation of a compensation chamber of quasi-parabolic shape can significantly reduce the stresses concentration around the stope block. Thus, the formation of a stope chamber of a quasi-parabolic shape makes it possible to reduce vertical stresses as compared to horizontal ones without increasing horizontal pressure. When mining the extraction block, it is proposed to form the stope chamber of a quasi-parabolic shape with geometric parameters that directly depend on the parameters of the deposit, the depth of mining, and the direction of main stresses action. Dependences have been determined of the stresses value on the depth of mining and the physical properties of rocks, as well as on the length along the strike of the ore deposit. Thus, depending on the mining depth and length along the strike, rock pressure on the stope chamber of a quasi-parabolic shape decreases under non-uniform loading. The formation of a stope chamber of a quasi-parabolic shape will increase by 1.2 – 1.5 times the volume of pure ore that is recovered from the block.

scholarly journals Influence of structural and textural features of ores and rocks on mine dust explosion hazard during development of pyrite deposits

2020 ◽  
Vol 192 ◽  
pp. 03017
Author(s):  
Marina Rylnikova ◽  
Viktor Fedotenko ◽  
Natalia Mitishova
Keyword(s):  
Sulfur Content ◽  
Underground Mining ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Ore Deposits ◽  
Dust Explosion ◽  
Explosion Hazard ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Mine Dust ◽  
Mining Works ◽  
Explosive Properties

In the practice of mining works, sulfide-dust explosions often occur during underground development of pyrite ore deposits: copper-zinc, lead-zinc, copper-nickel, antimony, and others. This makes it necessary to conduct researches aimed at improvement of methods for studying the explosive properties of sulfide dust and development of industrial and environmental safety requirements for mining operations. Currently, there is no generally accepted state-approved regulatory procedure for assessment of sulfide dust explosion hazards during underground mining operations in Russia. Assessment of the type and concentration of mine sulfide dust in the underground mine atmosphere is vitally important for solving this problem. In practice, ores even with a sulfur content of less than 35% can constitute a sulfide dust explosion hazard, although mine dust with a sulfur content of less than 35% does not explode in laboratory conditions. To identify the cause of this phenomenon and develop technical solutions for ensuring safety of underground mining operations, change in the sulfur content of various mine dust fractions obtained from primary disintegration of sulfides was studied.

HYDRO RESOURCES ARE OUR MAIN WEALTH

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 52-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. A VOLKOVA
Keyword(s):  
Local Population ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Pollution Level ◽  
The Urals ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Copper Ore ◽  
Production Wastes ◽  
High Pollution ◽  
Dialysis Method ◽  
High Pollution Level

On the example of copper-ore enterprises in the Urals we show the level of their impact on the environment and local population. It is determined that the discharges of untreated mine and under dump waters promote high pollution level of heavy metal ions and sulphatescopper is from 190 to 1140 MAC, zinc is from 132 to 3500 MAC, manganese is from 110 to 738 MAC, nickel is from 10 to 12 MAC, cadmium is from 10 to 24 MAC.It is recommended to use electro dialysis method for treating dilute waste water generated in mining industry while developing poor chalcopyrite fields in order to create low-waste resource-saving productions aimed at systematic use of mined ore and recycling of valuable components preventing their loss with liquid and solid production wastes.

scholarly journals Use of residual rock strength in bearing structures in underground ore mining

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-203
Author(s):  
Vladimir I. Golik ◽  
Yury V. Dmitrak ◽  
Oleg Z. Gabaraev ◽  
Yuri I. Razorenov
Keyword(s):  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Rock Strength ◽  
Underground Mining ◽  
Ore Deposits ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Mining Engineering ◽  
Scientific Support

The relevance of the study is explained by the need to improve technological processes with the increasing complexity of the development of ore deposits with an increase in the depth of development, the use of powerful technology and an increase in stresses in arrays of ore-bearing rocks. The need to minimize the risk of mining requires the development and use of tools for managing an array. The purpose of this study is to systematize information about the theory and practice of using the residual bearing capacity of destroyed rocks from the practice of underground mining to improve the methods used to control the geomechanics of ore-bearing arrays. The complex of research includes analytical, full-scale, laboratory and theoretical methods that are used to identify the phenomenon of the use of the residual carrying capacity of destroyed rocks. To achieve this goal information on the use of bearing floors made of intact and destroyed ores and rocks, as well as other materials, is systematized. A brief description of the scientific support of mining engineering tasks is given. The phenomenon of the use of residual bearing capacity of disturbed rocks in the structure arising in the mountain massif is characterized. A critical analysis of the concepts of array management is given. Considered alternative options for creating structures for solving problems of reducing the health risk of workers and improving the quality of ores. A new typification of structures using the residual strength of destroyed rocks is given. It has been proved that in underground mining there is an opportunity to realize the residual bearing capacity of the destroyed rocks to create structures with desired properties, which contributes to solving the tasks of labor protection and improving the quality of ores.

scholarly journals The furnace and the goat—A spatio-temporal model of the fuelwood requirement for iron metallurgy on Elba Island, 4th century BCE to 2nd century ce

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. e0241133
Author(s):  
Fabian Becker ◽  
Nataša Djurdjevac Conrad ◽  
Raphael A. Eser ◽  
Luzie Helfmann ◽  
Brigitta Schütt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Historical Context ◽  
Ore Deposits ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Iron Smelting ◽  
Roman Provinces ◽  
Iron Ore Deposits ◽  
Temporal Model ◽  
Elba Island ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Past Conditions

Scholars frequently cite fuel scarcity after deforestation as a reason for the abandonment of most of the Roman iron smelting sites on Elba Island (Tuscan Archipelago, Italy) in the 1st century bce. Whereas the archaeological record clearly indicates the decrease in smelting activities, evidence confirming the ‘deforestation narrative’ is ambiguous. Therefore, we employed a stochastic, spatio-temporal model of the wood required and consumed for iron smelting on Elba Island in order to assess the availability of fuelwood on the island. We used Monte Carlo simulations to cope with the limited knowledge available on the past conditions on Elba Island and the related uncertainties in the input parameters. The model includes both, wood required for the furnaces and to supply the workforce employed in smelting. Although subject to high uncertainties, the outcomes of our model clearly indicate that it is unlikely that all woodlands on the island were cleared in the 1st century bce. A lack of fuel seems only likely if a relatively ineffective production process is assumed. Therefore, we propose taking a closer look at other reasons for the abandonment of smelting sites, e.g. the occupation of new Roman provinces with important iron ore deposits; or a resource-saving strategy in Italia. Additionally, we propose to read the development of the ‘deforestation narrative’ originating from the 18th/19th century in its historical context.

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