ABUNDANCE AND DIVERSITY OF ADULT CARABIDAE IN FOUR SOYBEAN CROPPING SYSTEMS IN VIRGINIA

1985 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. J. Ferguson ◽  
R. M. McPherson
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Conservation Tillage ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Pitfall Trap ◽  
Species Number ◽  
Species Evenness ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
Abundance And Diversity ◽  
Trap Catches ◽  
Dominance Indices

Carabidae (Coleoptera) were monitored from pitfall trap catches in four soybean cropping systems in Westmoreland Co., Virginia during the summer of 1982. Harpalus pensylvanicus DeGeer, Poecilus chalcites Say, Amara spp., and Agonum octopunctatum Fabricius were the most commonly encountered among the 39 species collected. These four species were more abundant in drill-planted and double-cropped soybean fields which were conservation tillage systems as compared to conventionally plowed fields. Significantly more species per field and more carabids per trap were found during June than in later summer months. The Shannon-Weaver diversity and Berger-Parker dominance indices showed no significant differences in species diversity among the cropping systems. The total number of carabids present in soybeans is more important in comparisons than either species number of species evenness.

scholarly journals The The diversity and abundance of Hymenoptera insects on tidal swamp rice field in Indragiri Hilir District, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
ZAHLUL IKHSAN ◽  
HIDRAYANI ◽  
YAHERWANDI ◽  
HASMIANDY HAMID
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Rice Field ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Pitfall Trap ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Tidal Swamp ◽  
Abundance And Diversity ◽  
Number Of Individuals

Abstract. Ikhsan Z, Hidrayani, Yaherwandi, Hamid H. 2020. The diversity and abundance of Hymenoptera insects on tidal swamp rice field in Indragiri Hilir District, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 1020-1026. Hymenoptera is one of the four largest insect orders and it plays a vital role in human life as pollinators, parasitoids, and predators. Hymenoptera parasitoids are particularly important as agents of biological control of pest. The objective of this research was to study the diversity and abundance of Hymenoptera on tidal swamp rice field in Indragiri Hilir District, Riau Province, Indonesia. Samplings were conducted in 3 sub-districts of rice production centers, namely Batang Tuaka, Keritang and Reteh, using four trapping techniques (i.e. insect net, malaise trap, pitfall trap, and yellow pan trap). Shannon diversity index (H '), Krebs evenness index (E), and Jaccard similarity index (Is) were calculated. We found 4,701 individuals consisting of 39 families and 319 species of Hymenoptera at the three studied areas. Tidal swamp rice in Indragiri Hilir District had a high species diversity of Hymenoptera parasitoids and Hymenoptera predators, but a moderate species diversity of Hymenoptera pollinators. Species diversity and evenness of Hymenoptera parasitoids and predators were higher in Keritang than in Batang Tuaka and Reteh. The families of Formicidae, Braconidae, Ichneumonidae, and Scelionidae had the highest number of species, while Formicidae, Scelionidae, Diapriidae, and Braconidae had the highest number of individuals. Based on these findings, the abundance and diversity of Hymenoptera insects in Indragiri Hilir District have the potentials to be developed as biological agents to control pests on tidal swamp rice in this area.

scholarly journals Species diversity of segetal communities in tuber crops and in winter and spring cereals

2013 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 95-102
Author(s):  
Zofia Rzymowska ◽  
Maria Ługowska ◽  
Janina Skrzyczyńska
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Species Abundance ◽  
Wiener Index ◽  
Species Number ◽  
Individual Species ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Weed Communities ◽  
Spring Cereals ◽  
Dominance Indices ◽  
Tuber Crops

The work presents the results of studies on the diversity of weed communities in tuber crops as well as in winter and spring cereals under similar climatic and soil conditions. We examined overall species abundance in the groups analysed, the average species number per relevé, as well as weed cover of the study area. Additionally, species composition, number of individual species and their biomass were determined. Dominant species in each crop group were distinguished. Species diversity was determined based on the following ecological indices: the Shannon-Wiener index of biodiversity <em>H’</em> and Simpson’s index of dominance <em>C</em>. The indices were computed on the biomass and number-of-species basis. The objective of the work was to compare the structure and diversity of weed communities in the crops studied. The communities analysed differed in all the characteristics examined. Differences were found between biodiversity and dominance indices calculated for individual crop groups, but their significance depended on the method applied to calculate the indices.

scholarly journals STRUKTUR KOMUNITAS IKAN TARGET DI TERUMBU KARANG PULAU HOGOW DAN PUTUS-PUTUS SULAWESI UTARA

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Unstain NWJ Rembet ◽  
Mennofatria Boer ◽  
Dietriech G Bengen ◽  
Achmad Fahrudin
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Species Richness ◽  
Coral Reef ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Species Abundance ◽  
Controlling Factors ◽  
Ecological Groups ◽  
Species Evenness ◽  
Target Fish ◽  
Abundance And Diversity

ABSTRACTCommunity structure of target fishes was analyzed to understand their response to different conditions of coral reefs in several places of Hugow and Putus-Putus islands. This study focused on species abundance and diversity including Shannon-Wiener’s species diversity (H’), species richness (SR), species evenness (J’) and dominance (d) indices, respectively. A multivariate analysis was used for the classification or correspondence factorial analyses. The result recorded 4,501 individuals belonging to 52 species of target fishes. Both cluster and correspondence analyses clearly recognized 3 groups of target fish with 2 major controlling factors for the development of these 3 ecological groups, i.e. coral reef conditions and geographic position to the hydrodynamic condition.ABSTRAKStruktur komunitas ikan target dianalisis untuk melihat respon ikan target terhadap perbedaan kondisi terumbu karang di beberapa lokasi Pulau Hogow dan Putus-Putus. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Oktober 2010 dengan pengambilan data di 6 stasiun. Dalam penelitian ini telah dikaji variabel komunitas seperti kelimpahan dan keanekaragaman spesies termasuk indeks keanekaragaman spesies Shannon-Wiener (H’), indeks kekayaan spesies (SR), indeks kemerataan spesies (J’) dan indeks dominasi (d). Untuk melihat assemblage ikan target dilakukan analisis multivariat baik analisis klasifikasi maupun analisis faktorial koresponden. Dalam penelitian ini diperoleh 4501 indidu yang termasuk dalam 52 spesies ikan target. Analisis multivariat baik analisis cluster maupun analisis koresponden telah memisahkan dengan jelas 3 grup ikan target, dimana terdapat dua faktor utama pengendali pembentukan 3 grup ekologis ini yakni faktor kondisi terumbu karang dan faktor posisi lokasi terhadap kondisi hidrodinamika perairan.

scholarly journals Abundance and diversity of aquatic insects in two water bodies of Chittagong university campus

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-33
Author(s):  
Munira Nasiruddin ◽  
Mohammad Ali Azadi ◽  
Md Selim Reza
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Aquatic Insects ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Species Evenness ◽  
University Campus ◽  
Abundance And Diversity

Abundance and diversity of aquatic insects was studied in two water bodies, (a pond and a lake) of Chittagong University campus during October 2009 to September 2010. A total of 4406 insects belonging to 32 genera, under 20 families and 6 orders were recorded. In both the water bodies, the representatives of the orders Hemiptera and Odonata were the most abundant groups. During the study period highest abundance of the total insects was recorded in November 2009 and the lowest in July 2010. Abundance of insects was comparatively higher in the pond habitat than in the lake. The Quotient of Similarity (QS) of the insects between the two water bodies was found to be the highest in October 2009 and lowest in July 2010. Species diversity, species richness and species evenness values of the lake were higher than that of the pond. Hydrophilus sp. and Sphaerodema sp. were the most dominant insects in the pond, while Chironomous sp. and Gerris sp. in the lake.Bangladesh J. Zool. 42(1): 19-33, 2014

Weed Management for Crop Production in the Northwest Wheat (Triticum aestivum) Region

Weed Science ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 429-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank L. Young ◽  
Alex G. Ogg ◽  
Donn C. Thill ◽  
Douglas L. Young ◽  
Robert I. Papendick
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Conservation Tillage ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Wild Oat ◽  
Downy Brome ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
The Pacific

A 9-yr large-scale integrated pest management (IPM) study was initiated in 1985 to develop and refine profitable conservation cropping systems in the Palouse wheat-growing region of the Pacific Northwest. Weed scientists from the USDA-ARS and the land-grant universities of ID and WA led a team of researchers and extension personnel from eight disciplines to investigate the interactions of crop systems, tillage systems, and weed management levels (WML) on crop production. Ineffective weed control has been a major deterrent to the adoption of conservation tillage by wheat growers. With this in mind, the primary focus of the scientists on the IPM project was integrated weed management (IWM) in conservation crop production systems for highly erodible land. For the first time in the Pacific Northwest, systems research developed a conservation production system using a 3-yr crop rotation that controlled weeds effectively, reduced erosion, was less risky than traditional farming systems, and was profitable. Broadleaf weeds were more prevalent in the 3-yr rotation of winter wheat-spring barley-spring pea compared to continuous wheat in both conservation and conventional tillage systems. In conservation tillage, troublesome grass weeds included wild oat and downy brome. Wild oat was controlled effectively at the moderate and maximum weed management levels under conservation tillage in the 3-yr rotation. Two years out of winter wheat (such as in the 3-yr rotation) reduced downy brome populations. In contrast, growing a spring crop 1 yr, followed by 2 yr of winter wheat was not effective for controlling downy brome. Effective weed control was instrumental in developing successful conservation IPM cropping systems, and education and technology transfer were important in helping action agencies assist growers in adopting these systems.

scholarly journals Odonate abundance and diversity in four selective spots of Chittagong University campus

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-62
Author(s):  
M Nasiruddin ◽  
A Barua
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Seasonal Fluctuation ◽  
Species Evenness ◽  
University Campus ◽  
Ecological Conditions ◽  
The Family ◽  
Abundance And Diversity

The abundance and diversity of odonate fauna were studied in four selective spots of Chittagong University Campus, Chittagong, Bangladesh from August’2016 to July’2017. A total of 928 individuals of odonates under three families was collected during the study period from the four sampling sites. Out of 25 species identified one belonged to the family Gomphidae, 13 belonged to family Libellulidae and 11 belonged to family Coenagriidae. The abundance of odonate species was highest in July’17 (13.04%) and was lowest in December’16 (4.96%). Spot 2 was a hotspot for odonates as highest number (370) was collected from this spot. A total of 196, 188 and 174 individuals were collected from Spot 4, Spot 3 and Spot 1, respectively. The members of Libellulidae (472) were dominant followed by Coenagriidae (406) and lastly Gomphidae (50). Highest species richness (SR), species diversity (H′) and species evenness (J′) values were observed in the months of May’17 (1.56±0.08), May’17 (1.29±0.08) and December’16 (0.96±0.03), respectively. But lowest such values were observed in December’16 (0.96±0.05), November’16 (0.90±0.02) and May’17 (0.81±0.05), respectively. Amongst the spots, highest SR, H′ and J′, values were observed in Spot 4 (1.40±0.10), Spot 2 (1.22±0.05) and Spot 1 (0.93±0.02), respectively, whereas, lowest such values were observed in Spot 1 (1.02±0.08), Spot 1 (1.01±0.04) and Spot 4 (0.82±0.02), respectively. Ecological conditions and seasonal fluctuation had great impact on the abundance and diversity of odonates.J. Biodivers. Conserv. Bioresour. Manag. 2018, 4(1): 55-62

scholarly journals No evidence for decline of carabid beetles in European and North-American arable fields; a meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel Saska ◽  
Britta Frei ◽  
David Makowski ◽  
Wopke van der Werf
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Pitfall Trap ◽  
Carabid Beetles ◽  
Sampling Effort ◽  
Dramatic Decline ◽  
Geographical Scale ◽  
Arable Fields ◽  
Abundance And Diversity ◽  
Insect Decline ◽  
Trap Catches

Recent studies have shown dramatic decline in the abundance and diversity of insects over the last decades, including pollinators, lepidopterans, flying insects, parasitoids or epigeal predators, such as carabid and staphylinid beetles. Many of these studies are based on regional data, therefore it is hard to draw a conclusion about the generality of the reported effects across multiple groups and regions. In this paper we focus on testing the hypothesis of insect decline in annual arable crops over a wide geographical range, using meta-analysis of data on carabid beetles as a model group. We extracted pitfall trap catches and observed species richness from 105 independent publications originating from Europe and North America. Data were from a variety of arable annual crops in 22 countries, and spanned a period of 42 years. As sampling effort varied notably across studies, we standardized catches by trapping effort, and explored different options for calculating trapping effort from data. The data over time did not show any evidence of a decline in carabid numbers nor species caught over the 42 years covered by the dataset. A possible explanation for this finding is that carabid beetles living in these habitats are adapted to periodical disturbance by either withstanding these disturbances on site or by periodically re-colonizing fields from adjacent habitats. Although local decreases in carabid populations are documented in the literature as a result of agricultural intensification or landscape simplification, at the broader geographical scale, such a decline is not supported by the data.

scholarly journals Entomofauna of four spots of Chittagong University campus and their relative abundance and diversity

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-64
Author(s):  
M Nasiruddin ◽  
FA Shiuli
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Seasonal Fluctuation ◽  
Forest Area ◽  
Species Evenness ◽  
University Campus ◽  
Hilly Area ◽  
Abundance And Diversity

Relative abundance and diversity of insects were studied in the four spots of Chittagong University Campus, from October 2015 to September 2016. The studied insect orders were- Odonata, Orthoptera, Coleoptera, Hymenoptera and Lepidoptera. Two families under Odonata, four under Orthoptera, five under Coleoptera, three families under Hymenoptera and eight under Lepidoptera were examined from the four study spots. Among these, sixteen species of Odonata, eight species of Orthoptera, Coleoptera and Hymenoptera in each and 32 Lepidoptera species were identified. Highest numbers of insects (276) was collected in April'16 and December'15 whereas lowest numbers of insects (201) were collected in October'15. The highest abundance (906) of insects was found in Spot 3 (Hilly area), medium (785) in Spot 1 (Pond area) and lowest (642) and (648) in Spot 2 (Garden area) and Spot 4 (Artificial forest area), respectively. Lepidoptera (1217) was the most dominant order in the four studied spots followed by Odonata (636), Coleoptera (395), Hymenoptera (381) and Orthoptera (352). The average highest species richness, species diversity and species evenness were observed in October'15 (2.40 ± 0.11), August'16 (2.22 ± 0.03) and August'16 (0.96 ± 0.01), respectively and lowest in April'16 (2.18 ± 0.04), April'16 (1.98 ± 0.07) and April'16 (0.85 ± 0.03), respectively. During the study period, the highest species richness was observed in Spot 2 and Spot 4 (2.32 ± 0.03) and lowest in Spot 3 (2.13 ± 0.02); the highest species diversity was observed in Spot 3 (2.16 ± 0.02) and lowest in Spot 1 and Spot 2 (2.04 ± 0.03); and the highest species evenness was observed in Spot 3 (0.93 ± 0.01) and lowest in Spot 1 and Spot 2 (0.88 ± 0.01). Abundance and diversity of insects were dependent on seasonal fluctuation, and also on ecological and environmental conditions.J. Biodivers. Conserv. Bioresour. Manag. 2017, 3(1): 55-64

scholarly journals The abundance and diversity of butterflies (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera) in Talaud Islands, North Sulawesi, Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roni Koneri ◽  
MEIS J. NANGOY ◽  
PARLUHUTAN SIAHAAN
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Species Abundance ◽  
Forest Edge ◽  
Species Evenness ◽  
North Sulawesi ◽  
Evenness Index ◽  
Abundance And Diversity ◽  
Richness Index

Abstract. Koneri R, Nangoy MJ, Siahaan P. 2019. The abundance and diversity of butterflies (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera) in Talaud Islands, North Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 3275-3283. Butterflies play a number of roles in the ecosystem. They help pollination and natural propagation and also are an important element of the food chain as prey for bats, birds, and other insectivorous animals. This study aimed to analyze the abundance and diversity of butterflies (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera) in the Talaud Islands of North Sulawesi, Indonesia. The sampling method used was scan sampling along the transect line in three habitat types, namely, forest edge, farmland, and shrubland. The species diversity was determined by using the diversity index (Shanon-Wiener), the species richness index was calculated using the Margalef species richness index (R1), while species evenness was counted by using the Shannon evenness index (E). One-way ANOVA and Duncan test at the 95% significance level were used to determine differences in species richness, species abundance, species diversity values, and species evenness among habitat. In this study, we identified 1008 individuals of butterfly consisted of 32 species and five families. Nymphalidae was the dominant family with 15 species, while the highest abundance species was Eurema tominia. The highest species abundance, species richness index, species diversity index, and species evenness index were found in forest edge habitat. The largest similarity index of the composition of the butterfly communities was found in forest edge and farmland habitats. The abundance and diversity of butterfly species in a habitat are strongly influenced by the diversity of vegetation as shelter and source of nectar for butterflies, and the existence of a river as a source of water and minerals from wet rocks, mud, and sand along the riverside.

scholarly journals Promotion of weed species diversity and reduction of weed seedbanks with conservation tillage and crop rotation

Weed Science ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen D. Murphy ◽  
David R. Clements ◽  
Svenja Belaoussoff ◽  
Peter G. Kevan ◽  
Clarence J. Swanton
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Conservation Tillage ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
Weed Density ◽  
Chisel Plow

In a 6-yr study on four farms (36 fields) in Ontario, Canada, we tested the effects of tillage (moldboard, chisel plow, no tillage) and crop rotations (continuous corn, corn-soybean, corn-soybean-winter wheat) on emerged and seedbank weed species diversity and density. Aside from the imposed experimental treatments, all other management was generally consistent among farms. Tillage had the largest effect on weed diversity and density. No tillage promoted the highest weed species diversity, chisel plow was intermediate, and moldboard plow resulted in the lowest species diversity. These results are consistent with ecological succession theory. The increase in weed species diversity resulted from 20 species being associated with no tillage systems, 15 of which were winter annuals, biennials, or perennials. Emerged weed density was affected only by tillage. Over 6 yr, seedbank declined in no-tillage systems from 41,000 to 8,000 seeds m−3. Crop yields were not affected by tillage or crop rotation. In practical terms, reduced tillage in combination with a good crop rotation may reduce weed density and expenditures on weed management.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document