ANALYSIS OF LIPIDS IN COTTON EXTRAFLORAL NECTAR1

1985 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 422-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. B. Stone ◽  
A. C. Thompson ◽  
H. N. Pitre
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Chromatographic Analysis ◽  
Phosphatidyl Ethanolamine ◽  
Neutral Lipids ◽  
Phosphatidyl Inositol ◽  
Extrafloral Nectar ◽  
Ethanolamine Phosphatidyl ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
Predatory Insects ◽  
Choline Phosphatidyl

Extrafloral cotton nectar subjected to gas chromatographic analysis revealed the presence of six fatty acids. Two saturated acids (palmitic and stearic) and four unsaturated acids (palmitoleic, oleic, linoleic, and linolenic), polar and neutral lipids, respectively, were identified. Thin layer chromotography separated six phospholipids including: phosphatidyl choline, phosphatidyl ethanolamine, phosphatidyl inositol, lysophosphatidyl choline, lysophosphatidyl ethanolamine, and an unknown. Fatty acid concentration was greatest in extrafloral nectar from young plants and decreased as the plants matured. The potential impact of extrafloral nectar lipid concentrations on predatory insects is discussed.

scholarly journals Screening Tests of Reproductive Immunology in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zdenka Ulcova-Gallova ◽  
Alice Mockova ◽  
Miroslava Cedikova
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Phosphatidyl Ethanolamine ◽  
Phosphatidyl Inositol ◽  
Phosphatidyl Serine ◽  
Sperm Cells ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
Ethanolamine Phosphatidyl ◽  
Glycoprotein I ◽  
Beta 2

Female patients in reproductive age with systemic lupus erythematosus and fertility complications together are observed by rheumatologists, gynecologists, and reproductive immunologists. The paper notes the presence of autoantibodies to zona pellucida, to phospholipids (phosphatidyl serine, phosphatidyl ethanolamine, phosphatidyl inositol, phosphatidyl glycerol, phosphatidic acid, annexin V, beta-2 glycoprotein I, and cardiolipin) and of isoantibodies to sperm cells. Isoantibodies to sperm cells are not significantly predominant, but autoimmunity is well expressed in IgG positivity against phosphatidyl inositol, phosphatidyl ethanolamine, phosphatidyl serine, cardiolipin, and beta-2 glycoprotein I, as well as antizona pellucida antibodies in IgG isotype. According to the levels of autoantibodies we have to choose preventive treatment to protect mother and her foetus.

METABOLISM OF EHRLICH ASCITES TUMOR IN VITRO: SUBCELLULAR DISTRIBUTION OF PHOSPHOLIPIDS NEWLY FORMED FROM14C-LABELED PRECURSORS

1966 ◽  
Vol 44 (11) ◽  
pp. 1461-1468 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Donisch ◽  
R. J. Rossiter
Keyword(s):  
Microsomal Fraction ◽  
Phosphatidyl Ethanolamine ◽  
Lipid Fraction ◽  
Specific Radioactivity ◽  
Phosphatidyl Inositol ◽  
Phosphatidyl Serine ◽  
Ethanolamine Phosphatidyl ◽  
Ehrlich Ascites ◽  
Ethanolamine Plasmalogen

When Ehrlich ascites cells were incubated in a suitable medium containing choline-1,2-14C, ethanolamine-1,2-14C, L-serine-14C, or glycerol-1-14C, radioactivity was recovered from the lipid fraction. With choline-1,2-14C, radioactivity was incorporated into the three choline-containing phospholipids, lecithin, choline plasmalogen, and sphingomyelin. Radioactivity from ethanolamine-1,2-14C was incorporated into phosphatidyl ethanolamine, ethanolamine plasmalogen, choline plasmalogen, and lecithin. Radioactivity from L-serine-14C was incorporated into phosphatidyl serine, serine plasmalogen, and phosphatide acid, with lesser amounts into phosphatidyl ethanolamine, lecithin, ethanolamine plasmalogen, choline plasmalogen, and sphingomyelin. Radioactivity from glycerol-1-14C was incorporated into the glycerophosphatides, phosphatidic acid, lecithin, phosphatidyl ethanolamine, phosphatidyl serine, phosphatidyl inositol, and choline plasmalogen. Radioactivity from this precursor was also incorporated into sphingomyelin.In all instances, radioactivity was recovered from the phosphatides in the nuclear, mitochondrial, and microsomal fractions of the tumor. Usually, the specific radioactivity of the phosphatides in the microsomal fraction exceeded that in the other two subcellular fractions.

EXCRETION OF PHOSPHOLIPIDS BY MEN ON FAT-FREE DIET

1967 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 689-702 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. S. Ali ◽  
A. Kuksis
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Phosphatidyl Ethanolamine ◽  
Carbon Number ◽  
Internal Standard ◽  
Phosphatidyl Inositol ◽  
Chromatographic Determination ◽  
Fecal Excretion ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Methyl Heptadecanoate ◽  
Total Excretion

The fecal excretion of phospholipids was determined in three adult males during the last 4 days of three 8- to 16-day periods on a fat-free diet. The phospholipids were isolated and identified by column and thin-layer chromatography on silicic acid. The individual phospholipids were quantitatively estimated by gas chromatographic determination of the component fatty acids, using methyl heptadecanoate as internal standard. The range of total excretion of phospholipids was 64–100 mg/day per 100 g of dry feces. In all samples the major phospholipids were tentatively identified as phosphatidyl ethanolamine, phosphatidyl glycerol, and phosphatidyl inositol. Phosphatidyl ethanolamine made up 31–41% of the total excretion. All the phospholipids contained about the same fatty acids (C14–C27), but in somewhat varying proportions. Because of the occurrence of large amounts of the odd carbon number, among both branched and long chain fatty acids, which are not commonly associated with mammalian metabolism, the presence of phospholipids in the feces was attributed to bacterial synthesis.

Some Evidence for Light-induced Transfers of Fatty Acids in Euglena gracilis

1973 ◽  
Vol 28 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 270-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Pohl
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Euglena Gracilis ◽  
Phosphatidyl Choline ◽  
Phosphatidyl Ethanolamine ◽  
Neutral Lipids ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
Initial Increase ◽  
Phosphatidyl Glycerol ◽  
Subsequent Decrease ◽  
Monogalactosyl Diglyceride

Euglena gracilis was grown in the dark for 12 days. Subsequent incubation with sodium octanoate- l-14C in the dark for 6 hours resulted in a rather specific incorporation of radioactivity into the neutral lipids (primarily wax esters). Upon illumination of these cells in an identical medium without radiocarbon, the radioactivities in the neutral lipids decreased strongly, due to a decrease of the labeled wax acids (mainly 1 4:0) and wax alcohols (mainly C14). The radioactivities in phosphatidyl choline and phosphatidyl ethanolamine increased during the first 24 hours of illumination and thereafter decreased. This was caused by the initial increase and subsequent decrease of the labeled 14:0 and 16:0 acids in phosphatidyl choline and of the 14:0, 16:0 , and 18:1 acids in phosphatidyl ethanolamine. The chloroplast lipids (sulfolipid, phosphatidyl glycerol, monogalactosyl diglyceride, and digalactosyl diglyceride) exhibited a steady increase in radiocarbon content. This was due to an increase of label in the 16:0 fatty acid of the sulfolipid, in the 16:0 and trans3-16:1 fatty acids of the phosphatidyl glycerol, and in the saturated and unsaturated C16 and C18 fatty acids of the monogalactosyl and digalactosyl diglycerides. The labeled fatty acids of the above phospho- and glycolipids had comparably high specific radioactivities. Incorporation of radiocarbon into the last two carbon atoms of their methyl ends, however, was low. The glycerol and sugar moieties of the individual lipids incorporated relatively little radiocarbon. It is concluded that in Euglena gracilis the biosynthesis of long chain fatty acids is associated with specific lipids. Upon illumination, oxidative breakdown of the neutral lipids as well as transfers of fatty acids from the neutral lipids via phosphatidyl choline and phosphatidyl ethanolamine to the chloroplast lipids seem to be induced. The lipids involved appear to function as parts of a “lipid-bridge” for the acyl transfers.

THE LIVER PHOSPHOLIPIDS OF THE DEVELOPING CHICK EMBRYO

1967 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 627-639 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. C. Noble ◽  
J. H. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Phosphatidyl Choline ◽  
Phosphatidyl Ethanolamine ◽  
Phosphatidyl Serine ◽  
Chick Embryos ◽  
Ethanolamine Phosphatidyl ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Docosahexaenoic Acids ◽  
Choline Phosphatidyl ◽  
Fatty Acid Compositions

The concentrations and fatty acid compositions of the individual phospholipids in the livers of chick embryos on the 13th, 15th, 17th, 19th, and 21st days of incubation were compared with the concentrations and fatty acid compositions of the individual yolk phospholipids. The liver phospholipids contained higher proportions of phosphatidyl ethanolamine, phosphatidyl serine, and diphosphatidyl glycerol, and lower proportions of phosphatidyl choline, than did the yolk phospholipids. There was a constant increment (0.96 mg/day) of phosphatidyl choline in the liver during the period of incubation studied. The phosphatidyl choline, phosphatidyl ethanolamine, and phosphatidyl serine of the liver generally contained higher concentrations of stearic, arachidonic, and docosahexaenoic acids, and lower concentrations of palmitic and oleic acids than did these phospholipid fractions in the yolk. The fatty acid compositions of the sphingomyelin in the liver and yolk were similar. The most pronounced changes in the fatty acid composition of the liver phospholipids during embryonic development were observed in the phosphatidyl choline fraction. These changes suggested that the α-palmitoyl-β-arachidonyl phosphatidyl choline in the liver was gradually replaced by α-stearoyl-β-linoleoyl phosphatidyl choline and a-stearoyl-β-docosahexaenoyl phosphatidyl choline.

THE DEPOSITION OF LINOLEIC ACID IN RATS FED CORN OIL

1964 ◽  
Vol 42 (10) ◽  
pp. 1477-1486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joyce L. Beare ◽  
Morris Kates
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Phosphatidyl Choline ◽  
Phosphatidyl Ethanolamine ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Neutral Lipids ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Total Fatty Acids ◽  
Dietary Oil

Rats were fed different levels (0–30%) of corn oil in a purified basal diet, and the proportion of linoleic acid in the total fatty acids of carcass and liver lipids measured by gas–liquid chromatography. At 9 weeks, the proportion of linoleic acid in the carcass fatty acids of rats receiving no fat was 2%, whereas in those receiving 20% corn oil the proportion was 46%; this level was not exceeded when 30% corn oil was fed for the same time. In rats fed 2 or 20% corn oil for intervals up to 24 days, the proportion of linoleic acid in the liver fatty acids reached a maximum more quickly than did that in the carcass. The concentration of linoleic acid in chromatographically separated liver neutral lipid, phosphatidyl choline, and phosphatidyl ethanolamine was influenced to different degrees by the dietary level of that acid. The greatest increase in linoleic acid occurred within 3 days in the liver neutral lipids of rats supplied with the higher level of linoleate; smaller increases occurred in the phosphatidyl choline within 3 days and in phosphatidyl ethanolamine within 6 days. With increasing levels of corn oil in the diet, the concentration of linoleic acid in the liver neutral lipids approached that of the dietary oil.

Clotting Activity of Platelet Phospholipids in Rat and Man

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 (02/03) ◽  
pp. 382-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Gautheron ◽  
E Dumont ◽  
S Renaud
Keyword(s):  
Phosphatidyl Choline ◽  
Phosphatidyl Ethanolamine ◽  
Phosphatidyl Inositol ◽  
Phosphatidyl Serine ◽  
The Other ◽  
Active Fraction ◽  
Platelet Phospholipid ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Ethanolamine Phosphatidyl ◽  
Recalcification Time

SummaryThe clotting activity of man and rat platelet phospholipid fractions separated by bi-dimensional TLC, resuspended in Tyrode by sonication, was studied in the recalcification (manual) and in the Stypven (recalcification plus Russell’s viper venom) clotting time (determined in a coagulometer). Phosphatidyl serine was the most active fraction to shorten the two clotting tests utilized, in both rat and man, but it was much more effective in the Stypven time. The phosphatidyl ethanolamine was the second most active fraction, in the Stypven time; this fraction was almost as active as phosphatidyl serine in both animal species. The other fractions studied (phosphatidyl inositol, phosphatidyl choline and sphingomyelin) were sligthly active or not active, depending on the experimental conditions.The clotting activity of platelet phosphatidyl serine from rat, at concentrations corresponding to platelet counts from 1 to 10 ( X105), was much smaller than this of the disrupted (sonicated) platelets from which it originated. However, the clotting activity of sonicated platelets could be completely reproduced, either at each concentration studied (Stypven time) or at a concentration corresponding to lOxlO5 platelets (recalcification time), by adding to phosphatidyl serine the other four phospholipid fractions (phosphatidyl inositol, phosphatidyl ethanolamine, phosphatidyl choline, sphingomyelin) dispersed in a homogeneous way by sonication.The feeding of a butter-rich diet to rats considerably increased the activity of each of the platelet phospholipid fractions in the two clotting tests carried out.

Light-induced Changes of Radioactivities in the 14C-labeled Lipids and Fatty Acids of Dark Grown Euglena gracilis

1973 ◽  
Vol 28 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 264-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Pohl
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Euglena Gracilis ◽  
Phosphatidyl Ethanolamine ◽  
Neutral Lipids ◽  
Subsequent Growth ◽  
Strong Decrease ◽  
Phosphatidyl Glycerol ◽  
Main Fatty Acid ◽  
Monogalactosyl Diglyceride ◽  
Induced Changes

Euglena gracilis was grown in the dark for 12 days in a medium containing sodium acetate- 1-14C. The major amount of 14C was incorporated into the neutral lipids. In these compounds myristic acid was the main fatty acid labeled. Subsequent growth in light (70 hours) in an identical medium (containing unlabeled acetate) led to a strong decrease of radiocarbon in the neutral lipids. The radioactivities in phosphatidyl choline and phosphatidyl ethanolamine increased during the first 28 hours of illumination and thereafter decreased. The radioactivities in phosphatidyl glycerol, sulfolipid, monogalactosyl diglyceride and digalactosyl diglyceride increased continously. After 70 hours of illumination, most of the radiocarbon was detected in the saturated and unsaturated C16 and C18 fatty acids of these four lipids. The possibility of light-induced transfers of fatty acids from neutral lipids via phospholipids to the galactolipids is discussed.

scholarly journals Effect of Ephedra alata Decne. on lipids metabolism of Aspergillus flavus Link

2013 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
AA Al-Qarawi ◽  
EF Abd Allah ◽  
Hashem Abeer
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Chromatographic Analysis ◽  
Neutral Lipids ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Cellular Lipids ◽  
Lipids Metabolism

In Aspergillus flavus Link, the total lipid, sterols, neutral lipids, phospholipids and fatty acid content decreased significantly with the application of different concentrations of Ephedra alata Decne. extrtact. Gas chromatographic analysis revealed the presence of 12 fatty acids namely, (caprylic (C8), capric (C10), lauric (C12), myristic (C14), palmitic (C16), palmitoleic (C16:1), stearic (C18), oleic (C18:1), linoleic (C18:2), ? linolenic (C18:3), arachidic (C20) and arachidonic (C20:4) with total un-saturation per cent 69.78 in the cellular lipids of A. flavus. The use of E. alata extracts induced significant alteration in fatty acid profile towards increment saturation. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjb.v42i1.15823 Bangladesh J. Bot. 42(1): 45-49, 2013 (June)

Lipids of cell walls of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Brucella abortus

1968 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 503-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Bobo ◽  
R. G. Eagon
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Brucella Abortus ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Phosphatidyl Ethanolamine ◽  
Neutral Lipids ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Absorption Bands ◽  
Bound Lipids

A survey of the content and composition of lipids from isolated cell walls of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Brucella abortus was made. The following results are average values from several experiments. The readily extractable lipids made up 15.7% and the firmly bound lipids 8.7% of the dry weight of the cell walls of P. aeruginosa. The readily extractable lipids of B. abortus cell walls accounted for 11.4% and the firmly bound lipids 6.4% of the dry weight of the walls.The readily extractable lipids were further separated into phospholipids, free fatty acids, and neutral lipids. These lipids of P. aeruginosa cell walls contained 44.9% phospholipids and 52.9% free fatty acids and neutral lipids. In B. abortus cell walls the phospholipids accounted for only 22.1% of the free lipids whereas the free fatty acids and neutral lipids made up 76.1%.The phospholipids of P. aeruginosa and B. abortus were shown by thin-layer chromatography to be composed of four and seven components respectively. The bulk of the phospholipids was phosphatidyl ethanolamine and diphosphatidyl glycerol of the cardiolipin type. Lysophosphatidyl ethanolamine was also present in both organisms. The presence of phosphatidyl choline could not be demonstrated conclusively since choline could not be detected in the hydrolytic products of the phospholipids; however, infrared spectra of the total lipids and of the phospholipids of both P. aeruginosa and B. abortus showed absorption bands at 970 cm−1 which are characteristic of phosphatidyl choline.Gas–liquid chromatography of the free fatty acids of P. aeruginosa showed the major portion of these acids to be C16 and C18 saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids. The bulk of the free fatty acids of B. abortus consisted of C18 saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated (C18:2) together with lesser amounts of C16 saturated and monounsaturated acids. Two components were tentatively identified as C19 cyclopropane and C19:0 fatty acids respectively. Small amounts of both C12 and C14 saturated fatty acids were found in both organisms. No hydroxy fatty acids could be identified in either P. aeruginosa or B. abortus.Calcium and magnesium, determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry, were associated with all the phospholipid components in both organisms. However, the largest quantities of calcium and magnesium were found in the phospholipid components, phosphatidyl ethanolamine and diphosphatidyl glycerol. Trace amounts of zinc were present in all phospholipid components of the cell walls of both microorganisms. Manganese was not detected.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document