Efficacy of Insecticides Against Acrosternum hilare and Euschistus servus (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) in Virginia and North Carolina

2009 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine L. Kamminga ◽  
D. Ames Herbert ◽  
Thomas P. Kuhar ◽  
Sean Malone ◽  
Amanda Koppel
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Stink Bug ◽  
Stink Bugs ◽  
Acrosternum Hilare ◽  
Neonicotinoid Insecticides ◽  
Euschistus Servus ◽  
Green Stink Bug ◽  
Laboratory Bioassays

Laboratory bioassays and field trials were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of selected organophosphate, pyrethroid, and neonicotinoid insecticides, as well as a chitin inhibitor, novaluron, against 2 common stink bug pests in Virginia, the green stink bug, Acrosternum hilare (Say), and the brown stink bug, Euschistus servus (Say). Green bean dip bioassays revealed differences in insecticide susceptibility between the 2 species. Acrosternum hilare adults were highly susceptible to all pyrethroids tested, the organophosphates except acephate, and the neonicotinoids except acetamiprid. Acrosternum hilare nymphs were also susceptible to all pyrethroids tested. In general, the neonicotinoids, dinotefuran and clothianidin, were toxic to A. hilare, whereas thiamethoxam and acetamiprid were toxic to E. servus. In field trials in soybean, the neonicotinoids, dinotefuran, imidacloprid, and thiamethoxam were efficacious at controlling stink bugs and, in general, performed comparably to the organophosphates and pyrethroids. These results indicate that neonicotinoid insecticides offer an alternative to growers for managing stink bugs that may fit with integrated pest management programs where conservation of natural enemies is a consideration.

An Improved Trap for Monitoring Stink Bugs (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) in Apple and Peach Orchards

2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry W. Hogmire ◽  
Tracy C. Leskey
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Stink Bug ◽  
Stink Bugs ◽  
Acrosternum Hilare ◽  
Euschistus Servus ◽  
Capture Mechanism ◽  
Green Stink Bug ◽  
Heteroptera Pentatomidae ◽  
Improved Design ◽  
Decision Making Tool

Capture of stink bugs (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) in apple orchards with yellow pyramid traps baited with Euschistus spp. (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) aggregation pheromone, methyl (2E,4Z)-decadienoate, was 4 fold greater when traps were topped with a 3.8-L jar with a 1.6 cm diameter opening and trimmed wire edging than with a 1.9-L jar with a 5 cm diameter opening with no wire edging. Stink bug capture in the 3.8-L jar top was unaffected by the presence or size of an insecticide ear tag, indicating that this improved design led to increased captures by reducing escape. Sixty-four percent fewer stink bugs escaped from 3.8-L jar tops with the improved capture mechanism than from the 1.9-L jar tops. Green stink bug, Acrosternum hilare (Say), was more susceptible to the presence of the insecticide ear tag than the brown stink bug, Euschistus servus (Say), with dusky stink bug, E. tristigmus (Say), exhibiting high mortality in traps with and without ear tags. Among baited and unbaited pyramid traps with different visual stimuli, fewer captures were recorded in black pyramid traps than in clear, yellow, green or white pyramid traps. Similar numbers of brown stink bugs were captured in yellow pyramid traps deployed on the ground between trees or on horizontal branches within trees in the orchard border row. Captures of dusky and green stink bugs were greater in the tree pyramid, especially from August to mid-October. Relationships between stink bug capture and injury will need to be determined before this trap can be incorporated as a decision-making tool in pest management programs.

Damage to Soybean by Acrosternum hilare (Say) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae)

2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Y. Young ◽  
J. K. Greene ◽  
G. M. Lorenz
Keyword(s):  
Yield Loss ◽  
Stink Bug ◽  
Stink Bugs ◽  
Field Cage ◽  
Acrosternum Hilare ◽  
Seed Damage ◽  
Crop Development ◽  
Green Stink Bug ◽  
Significant Yield ◽  
The Impact

A series of field-cage experiments were conducted in 2002 and 2003 in southeast Arkansas to measure the impact of feeding by green stink bug, Acrosternum hilare (Say), on soybean yield and seed damage. Stink bugs were collected from local soybean fields and released in 1.8 × 1.8 × 1.8 m walk-in screen cages at densities of 0, 3, 9, and 18 bugs per row-m on maturity group (MG) IV and MG V soybean at different stages of crop phenological development. Damaged seed at harvest was significantly related to caged density of A. hilare in most of the cage experiments. Yield loss was associated with density of caged bugs in 7 of 11 different experiments and ranged from 13.4–60.5 kg/ha (0.2–0.9 bu/a) lost per bug per row-m. MG IV and MG V soybean were similarly impacted by density of A. hilare when exposed at the same stage of crop development. Feeding by small and large nymphs at early (R2–R3) and mid (R5–R6) reproductive stages resulted in significant yield loss. Feeding damage was apparent on late reproductive stage soybean (R7–R8), but no measurable impact on yield was observed. This suggested that thresholds could be raised or control efforts could be terminated for stink bugs infesting R7–R8 stage soybean. Damage due to feeding by stink bugs is related to various factors, but crop phenology, density of bugs, and length of infestation time are consistent and predictable influences that are interrelated, and all should be considered in determining the need to control field populations.

scholarly journals Using Microscopy to Assess Chorion Structural Integrity and Parasitoid Oviposition Sites on Stink Bug (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) Eggs

2010 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.L. Koppel ◽  
D.A. Herbert ◽  
E.W. Westbrook
Keyword(s):  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Stink Bug ◽  
Podisus Maculiventris ◽  
Stink Bugs ◽  
Acrosternum Hilare ◽  
Euschistus Servus ◽  
Murgantia Histrionica ◽  
Telenomus Podisi ◽  
Microscopy Images ◽  
Oviposition Sites

AbstractPrevious efficacy studies found that many insecticides used by growers could be having an adverse effect on egg parasitoids (Telenomus podisi) developing in the eggs of the brown stink bug (Euschistus servus), while unhatched stink bugs experienced lower levels of mortality. One plausible explanation for this was that insecticides might enter parasitized eggs more readily via oviposition wounds. Parasitized E. servus eggs, as well as nonparasitized stink bug (Acrosternum hilare, E. servus, Murgantia histrionica, and Podisus maculiventris) eggs, were examined using electron microscopy. Egg response to perforation by a tungsten probe served as a control. Microscopy images depicted the chorion surface as characterized by a matrix of ridges and micropylar processes in a ring around the margin of the operculum. Observations of oviposition sites showed a “scab” formed where the ovipositor penetrated the chorion, and at sites penetrated by the probe. These formations appeared to be the result of fluids from inside the egg leaking out, drying, and hardening after oviposition or probe perforation, suggesting that the response was not due to substances secreted by the parasitoid. Further, no open wounds or holes were seen to increase the possibility of insecticides entering parasitized eggs.

An Examination of the External and Internal Signs of Cotton Boll Damage by Stink Bugs (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae)

2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 402-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. S. Bundy ◽  
R. M. McPherson ◽  
G. A. Herzog
Keyword(s):  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Stink Bug ◽  
Stink Bugs ◽  
Cotton Boll ◽  
Acrosternum Hilare ◽  
Seed Damage ◽  
Euschistus Servus ◽  
Sampling Program ◽  
External Feeding

Small- and medium-sized bolls were exposed to stink bugs, primarily Nezara viridula (L.), Acrosternum hilare (Say), and Euschistus servus (Say), for a 48-h feeding period. Bolls were then examined for external and internal evidence of feeding 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 d later. No relationship was documented between numbers of external feeding marks and internal warts that form when the interior of the boll is pierced. In fact, approximately 20% of damaged bolls with internal warts lacked external marks. Therefore, external marks cannot be used to accurately estimate the occurrence or amount of internal boll damage by stink bugs. Neither size nor number of external marks or warts increased significantly among the five post-feeding sampling dates. All visual signs of damage were present by the second day. There were significantly more damaged bolls with the combination of external marks, stylet sheaths, and warts (approximately 70%) than any other combination of feeding signs. There was a significant increase in lint and seed damage through time. Finally, a strong relationship existed between the presence of a feeding stylet sheath and wart number. A regression equation was generated to predict the presence of internal wart damage (warts) based on the number of stylet sheaths observed. A sampling program based on the incidence of stylet sheaths could potentially be used in a cotton pest management program to effectively assess stink bug injury to cotton bolls without destroying the developing bolls.

scholarly journals Inhibitory Copulation Effect of Vibrational Rival Female Signals of Three Stink Bug Species as a Tool for Mating Disruption

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 177
Author(s):  
Aline Moreira Dias ◽  
Miguel Borges ◽  
Maria Carolina Blassioli Moraes ◽  
Matheus Lorran Figueira Coelho ◽  
Andrej Čokl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pest Management ◽  
Mating Behavior ◽  
Mating Disruption ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Stink Bug ◽  
Stink Bugs ◽  
Vibratory Communication ◽  
Communication Signals ◽  
Long Duration ◽  
Bean Plants

Stink bugs are major pests in diverse crops around the world. Pest management strategies based on insect behavioral manipulation could help to develop biorational management strategies of stink bugs. Insect mating disruption using vibratory signals is an approach with high potential for pest management. The objective of this work was to investigate the effect of conspecific female rival signals on the mating behavior and copulation of three stink bug species to establish their potential for mating disruption. Previously recorded female rival signals were played back to bean plants where pairs of the Neotropical brown stink bug, Euschistus heros, and two green stink bugs, Chinavia ubica and Chinavia impicticornis were placed. Vibratory communication and mating behavior were recorded for each pair throughout the experimental time (20 min). Female rival signals show a disrupting effect on the reproductive behavior of three conspecific investigated stink bug species. This effect was more clearly expressed in E. heros and C. ubica than in C. impicticornis. The likelihood of copulating in pairs placed on control plants, without rival signals, increased 29.41 times in E. heros, 4.6 times in C. ubica and 1.71 times in C. impicticornis. However, in the last case, the effect of female rivalry signals in copulation was not significant. The effect of mating disruption of female rival signals of the three stink bug species may originate from the observed reduction in specific vibratory communication signals emitted, which influences the duet formation and further development of different phases of mating behavior. Our results suggest that female rival signals have potential for application in manipulation and disruption of mating behavior of stink bugs. Further work needs to focus on the effects of female rival signals used in long duration experiments and also their interactions with chemical communication of stink bugs.

Photoperiod-Specific Within-Plant Distribution of the Green Stink Bug (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) on Cotton

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 1234-1240
Author(s):  
James P Glover ◽  
Gregory A Sword ◽  
Michael J Brewer
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Lower Surface ◽  
Plant Distribution ◽  
Cotton Field ◽  
Stink Bug ◽  
Stink Bugs ◽  
Bug Detection ◽  
Insect Distribution ◽  
Green Stink Bug ◽  
Floral Bracts

Abstract Sampling methods for detecting stink bugs are intensive, time-consuming, and yield variable results. In a 2-yr mark-release-observe experiment, over 500 adult green stink bugs, Chinavia hilaris (Say) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), were used to test for variation in nocturnal and diurnal insect distribution patterns on cotton. Field-collected stink bugs were marked or unmarked with nontoxic fluorescent sharpie markers, released, and monitored in cotton fields at peak bloom. Stink bugs were monitored visually during day and night, aided by a handheld blacklight for nighttime observations. Within-cotton distribution insect observations were categorized by plant section (i.e., bottom, middle, and top branches), by fruiting positions and leaf surface, and by concealed or exposed orientation on floral bracts and leaf surfaces. Green stink bugs were primarily distributed on the middle and top branches irrespective of photoperiod, and on bolls in first position from the main stem. Differences in stink bugs observed concealed or exposed on fruiting structures were detected. During daytime, stink bugs were primarily observed inside the bract of bolls, and when detected on leaves concealed on the lower surface. In contrast, stink bugs were primarily outside the bract of bolls at night, and when detected on leaves were exposed on an upper surface. These results support focus on assessing internal boll injury for evaluating stink bug injury to avoid the challenges in stink bug detection observed here, and point to additional study to refine stink bug density estimation when needed.

Effect of Trap Color and Residual Attraction of a Pheromone Lure for Monitoring Stink Bugs (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 437-447
Author(s):  
Ted E. Cottrell ◽  
Rammohan R. Balusu ◽  
Edgar Vinson ◽  
Bryan Wilkins ◽  
Henry Y. Fadamiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Native Species ◽  
Halyomorpha Halys ◽  
Stink Bug ◽  
Stink Bugs ◽  
Euschistus Servus ◽  
Trap Color ◽  
Residual Efficacy ◽  
Conducting Research ◽  
Multiple Species ◽  
Research Studies

Abstract Stink bugs (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) are commonly monitored using pyramid traps baited with a pheromone. Initially, the pyramid traps were painted yellow and predominantly used to monitor native stink bug species. However, research studies involving the exotic Halyomorpha halys Stål (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) now use pyramid traps that are black, not yellow. As H. halys moves across the southeastern United States, the use of a single trap, yellow or black, for monitoring and conducting research studies would be beneficial. Our objective was to compare black and yellow pyramid traps baited with a lure to determine if one was superior for trapping herbivorous stink bugs. This study was conducted at four locations, three in Alabama and one in Georgia, over 2 yr. Additionally, residual efficacy of the lure was measured via trap capture over 1-mo intervals. Our results showed that only when native stink bug species were combined, and only in 1 yr, were captures significantly affected by trap color. Capture of the exotic H. halys and the most abundant native species, Euschistus servus (Say), was not significantly affected by trap color. Trap capture was significantly affected by how long a lure was in a trap. The data from this study suggests that when traps are used in conjunction with a pheromone to monitor multiple species of adult stink bugs, especially native species, the yellow pyramid trap is favored.

scholarly journals Green Stink Bug, Acrosternum hilare (Say) (Insecta: Hemiptera: Pentatomidae)

EDIS ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Celina Gomez ◽  
Russell F. Mizell, III
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Stink Bug ◽  
Acrosternum Hilare ◽  
Fact Sheet ◽  
Green Stink Bug

EENY-431, a 5-page illustrated fact sheet by Celina Gomez and Russell F. Mizell III, is part of the Featured Creatures collection. It describes this commonly encountered pest of seeds, grain, nuts, and fruit — its distribution, description, life cycle and biology, hosts, damage, and management. Includes selected references. Published by the UF Department of Entomology and Nematology, February 2009. EENY-431/IN794: Green Stink Bug, Chinavia hilaris (Say) (Insecta: Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) (ufl.edu)

scholarly journals Susceptibility of corn to stink bug (Dichelops melacanthus) and its management through seed treatment

2019 ◽  
pp. 2015-2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo Roberto da Silva ◽  
Ademar Novais Istchuk ◽  
Thomas E. Hunt ◽  
Cristina Schetino Bastos ◽  
Jorge Braz Torres ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Adult Mortality ◽  
Stink Bug ◽  
Stink Bugs ◽  
Fungicide Treatment ◽  
Female Pair ◽  
Yield Gain ◽  
Corn Plants

We determined the susceptibility of vegetative corn stages to Dichelops melacanthus damage, and how seed treatment can reduce damage and yield loss. Two field trials were carried out. In the first, corn plants were artificially infested with D. melacanthus male/female pairs at rate of 0.5 pair per plant at different vegetative stages and infestation periods lasting 7-28 days (V1-V3, V1-V5, V1-V7, V1-V9, V3-V5, V3-V7, V3-V9, V5-V7, V5-V9, and V7-V9), plus a control without infestation. In the second, corn plants were artificially infested at a rate of one male/female pair per plant at different vegetative stages and infestation periods (V1-V3, V1-V5, V1-V7, V3-V5, V3-V7 and V5-V7) and treated with two pesticide seed coatings: (i) fungicide [carbendazim + thiram (150 g i.a. per L and 350 g i.a. per L)] + insecticide [clothianidin (600 g i.a. per L)] or (ii) only fungicide (carbendazim + thiram), plus three controls without infestation and with only fungicide-treatment (V1-V7, V3-V7 and V5-V7). In both trials, plants were caged during the entire period in order to hold stink bugs in contact with plants and to avoid injury from other arthropods. The most stink bug susceptible corn growth periods were from V1-V5 and from V1-V7. Seed treatment with clothianidin at the rate of 3.5 mL per Kg during the most susceptible infestation periods increased yield gain of 37.8 to 61%. Treatment with clothianidin during V1-V5 and V1-V7 caused 40% to 50% D. melacanthus adult mortality, respectively.

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