scholarly journals Medical history risk factors in primary progressive multiple sclerosis: A case-control study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossein Maroufi ◽  
Abdorreza Naser Moghadasi ◽  
Hossein Rezaei-Aliabadi ◽  
Mohammad Ali Sahraian ◽  
Sharareh Eskandarieh
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Medical History ◽  
Infectious Mononucleosis ◽  
Kidney Failure ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Progressive Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Primary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
History Of ◽  
Control Study

Background: The association between medical history and primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS) development has not been well documented in the pertinent literature. The possible association between 23 medical diseases and PPMS occurrence was assessed in the present study. Methods: In order to figure out the possible association between several medical histories and PPMS occurrence, the present population-based case-control study examined 143 PPMS cases in Tehran, Iran, from 2019 to 2020. Diagnosis of PPMS was confirmed by neurologists based on the 2017 McDonald criteria. Sex-matched healthy controls (n = 143) were selected using the random-digit dialing (RDD) technique. Face-to-face and telephone interviews were conducted for gathering the data. The conditional logistic regression model was used to calculate adjusted and unadjusted odds ratio (OR) at a 95% confidence interval (CI). Results: A significant association was found between PPMS development and diseases like depression (OR = 3.12, 95% CI: 1.49-6.53), migraine (OR = 0.19, 95% CI: 0.05-0.67), infectious mononucleosis (OR = 13.16, 95% CI: 2.74-63.17), hypothyroidism (OR = 3.20, 95% CI: 1.23-8.30), and kidney failure (OR = 3.76, 95% CI: 1.41-9.99). Conclusion: Lifetime history of depression, infectious mononucleosis, hypothyroidism, and kidney failure might increase the risk of PPMS development, while individuals with positive history of migraine disease are at lower risk for developing PPMS.

Multiple sclerosis and solar exposure before the age of 15 years: case—control study in Cuba, Martinique and Sicily

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 899-908 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Dalmay ◽  
D. Bhalla ◽  
A. Nicoletti ◽  
JA Cabrera-Gomez ◽  
P. Cabre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Sun Exposure ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Solar Exposure ◽  
History Of ◽  
Water Sports ◽  
Control Study

Few studies report a protective role of childhood solar exposure to multiple sclerosis. Our objective was to confirm the protective role of childhood solar exposure in multiple sclerosis in Cuba, Martinique and Sicily. This was a matched case— control study, and cases met Poser criteria for clinically, laboratory (definite, probable) multiple sclerosis. Controls were resident population, without neurological disorder, living close to cases (within 100 km), matched for sex, age (±5 years), residence before age 15. We recruited 551 subjects during a 1-year period (193 cases, Cuba n = 95, Sicily n = 50, Martinique n = 48; 358 controls). Some (89%) met definite clinical multiple sclerosis criteria (relapsing remitting form (with and without sequel) (74%), secondary progressive (21%), primary progressive (5%)). Odds ratios in a uni-variate analysis were: family history of multiple sclerosis (5.1) and autoimmune disorder (4.0); wearing shirt (3.5), hat (2.7), pants (2.4); sun exposure causing sunburn (1.8); sun exposure duration (1 h more/day; weekends 0.91, weekdays 0.86); bare-chested (0.6); water sports (0.2). Independent factors in the multivariate analysis were family history of multiple sclerosis (4.8 (1.50—15.10)), wearing pants under sunlight (1.9 (1.10—3.20)), sun exposure duration (1 h more/ day, weekdays 0.90 (0.85—0.98), weekends 0.93 (0.87—0.99)), water sports (0.23 (0.13—0.40)). We conclude that outdoor leisure activities in addition to sun exposure reports are associated with a reduced multiple sclerosis risk, with evidence of dose response.

scholarly journals Frequency of HLA-DRB1 Gene Alleles in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis in a Lithuanian Population

Medicina ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 2
Author(s):  
Renata Balnytė ◽  
Daiva Rastenytė ◽  
Dalia Mickevičienė ◽  
Antanas Vaitkus ◽  
Erika Skrodenienė ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
History Of ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Control Study

The aim of the present study was to investigate the influence of HLA-DRB1 alleles on the genetic susceptibility to multiple sclerosis in the Lithuanian population. Material and Methods. A total of 120 patients with multiple sclerosis and 120 unrelated healthy controls were enrolled in this case-control study. Allelic frequencies were compared between the groups. HLA-DRB1 alleles were genotyped using the polymerase chain reaction. Results. HLA-DRB1*15 was present in 55.8% of the patients with multiple sclerosis and 10.0% of the controls (OR, 5.58; 95% CI, 3.19–9.77; P<0.0001). The protective alleles that were found to be more prevalent among the controls compared with the patients with multiple sclerosis were HLADRB1* 01 (26.7% vs. 7.5%, P<0.0001), *03 (17.5% vs. 8.3%, P=0.034), and *16 (11.7% vs. 3.3%, P=0.014). HLA-DRB1*15 was more common among the female patients with multiple sclerosis than among the male patients (68.4% vs. 34.1%; OR, 4.18; 95%, CI 1.90–9.22; P=0.001). The heterozygous inheritance of HLA-DRB1*15 allele was more common in the patients with a history of maternal multiple sclerosis than in those with a history of paternal multiple sclerosis (29.4% vs. 9.8%; P=0.045). Conclusions. HLA-DRB1*15 was found to be associated with multiple sclerosis in the Lithuanian population. This allele was more prevalent among the female patients with multiple sclerosis. Maternal multiple sclerosis was more common than paternal multiple sclerosis, but the relationship with HLA-DRB1*15 allele was not established. HLA-DRB1*01, *03, and *16 appeared to be the protective alleles in this series.

A case–control study of risk factors for multiple sclerosis in Iran

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 550-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alvaro Alonso ◽  
Stuart D Cook ◽  
Amir-Hadi Maghzi ◽  
Afshin A Divani
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Past History ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Sunlight Exposure ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
History Of ◽  
Control Study

Background: Numerous studies have assessed risk factors for multiple sclerosis (MS), although none have been conducted previously in Iran. Objective: The objective of this study was to study lifestyle and environmental risk factors of MS in the Iranian population. Methods: A case–control study, including 394 MS cases and 394 matched controls, was conducted in MS clinics in different Iranian cities. Information on lifestyles, environmental exposures, and past medical history was obtained from medical charts and phone interviews. Results: In multivariable analysis, sunlight exposure was associated with a lower risk of MS: the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of MS associated with a 1-h increment in daily sunlight was 0.62 (0.53–0.73). Smoking was associated with MS risk in women (OR: 6.48, 95% CI: 1.46–28.78), but not in men (OR: 0.72, 95% CI: 0.31–1.68) ( p = 0.002 for interaction). Finally, past history of common surgical procedures, infectious disorders, or exposure to pets and farm animals was not associated with MS risk. Conclusions: Different modifiable lifestyles, including sunlight exposure and smoking, were associated with lower MS risk in Iran. Interventions aimed at promoting smoking cessation and, more importantly, at increasing exposure to sunlight might contribute to the prevention of MS.

scholarly journals 1234Smoking, infectious mononucleosis, early-life exposures and risk of progressive-onset Multiple Sclerosis: a case-control study

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Li ◽  
Alice Saul ◽  
Leigh Blizzard ◽  
Bruce Taylor ◽  
Anne-Louise Ponsonby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Infectious Mononucleosis ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Vitamin Supplements ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Early Life Exposures ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background Risk factors in Multiple Sclerosis (MS) have been identified in samples that contain predominantly cases with relapse-onset MS (ROMS). It is unknown whether the risk factors differ in people with a progressive-onset MS (POMS). Methods The case-control study included 147 POMS cases, 264 ROMS cases and 558 community controls. Questionnaires were used to collect information on smoking, infections, breastfeeding and vitamin use in early life. Logistic regression was used to examine associations. Odds ratios (ORs) were adjusted for age, sex and latitude band. Results Compared with controls, POMS cases were more likely to have smoked ≥20 pack-years (AOR 2.83, 1.53-5.24) and ROMS cases were more likely to have ever been a smoker (AOR 1.48, 1.09-2.01). POMS cases (AOR 1.75, 1.05-2.93) and ROMS cases (AOR 1.74, 1.21-2.49) were both more likely to have had infectious mononucleosis. In childhood, POMS cases were less likely to use vitamin supplements (AOR 0.52, 0.30-0.91) or being breastfed (AOR 0.49, 0.31-0.79). Conclusions Smoking and infectious mononucleosis are associated with increased risk of both POMS and ROMS. Vitamin supplements in early life and being breastfed are associated with reduced risk of POMS, but there is no association in ROMS. Key messages POMS and ROMS share some commonly known risk factors. Some protective factors were identified in POMS that were not observed in ROMS.

scholarly journals Dietary Inflammatory Index and Risk of Multiple Sclerosis in a Case-Control Study from Iran

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nitin Shivappa ◽  
James R. Hebert ◽  
Maryam Behrooz ◽  
Bahram Rashidkhani
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Continuous Variable ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Dietary Inflammatory Index ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Inflammatory Index ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of ◽  
Control Study

Background: Diet and inflammation have been suggested to be important risk factors for multiple sclerosis (MS). Objectives: In this study, we examined the ability of the dietary inflammatory index (DII) to predict MS in a case-control study conducted in Iran. Methods: This study included 68 MS cases and 140 controls hospitalized for acute non-neoplastic diseases. The DII was computed based on dietary intake assessed by a previously validated food frequency questionnaire. Logistic regression models were used to estimate ORs adjusted for age, energy, sex, body mass index, season of birth, rubella history, history of routine exercise before MS, smoking and history of consumption of cow's milk in the first 2 years of life. Results: Subjects with higher DII scores (i.e., with a more pro-inflammatory diet) had a higher risk of MS, with the DII being used both as a continuous variable (ORcontinuous 1.66; 95% CI 1.19-2.31; 1 unit increase corresponding to ≈15% of its range in the current study) and a categorical variable (ORDII (>1.43 vs.≤1.43) 2.68; 95% CI 1.15-6.26). Conclusions: These results indicate that a pro-inflammatory diet is associated with increased risk of MS.

Obstetrical and Medical History of Pregnant Women with Toxoplasmosis in Al-Najaf Province, Case-Control Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1334
Author(s):  
Raad Ajam Sayal ◽  
Atheer Kadhim Ibadi ◽  
Humam Kasem Hussein ◽  
Ameer Sadeq Yasir
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Medical History ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
History Of ◽  
Control Study
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