Effect of Bleaching with 15% Carbamide Peroxide on Flexural Strength of Three Resin-Based Restorative Materials

Objectives: Considering the increasing use of vital bleaching procedures and the increased application of newly introduced resin-based materials for tooth restoration, this study was designed to evaluate the effect of 15% carbamide peroxide gel on the flexural strength of three resin-based restorative materials. Materials and Methods: Three different types of restorative materials namely Beautifil II giomer, Cention N, and Z250 micro-hybrid composite resin were evaluated in this in vitro, experimental study. Twenty-four bar-shaped specimens were prepared from each restorative material, totaling 72 specimens, and were randomly assigned to two subgroups with and without bleaching procedure (n=12). In the bleaching subgroups, 15% carbamide peroxide gel was applied on the specimen surface 8 h a day for 14 days. The flexural strength of the specimens was then measured. Two-way ANOVA was used to compare the flexural strength of the specimens. Results: There was a significant reduction in the flexural strength of materials following exposure to the bleaching agent (P<0.05). The flexural strength was significantly higher in the groups that did not undergo bleaching. However, the mean flexural strength of the restorative materials was not significantly different (P=0.12). Conclusion: The flexural strength of Beautifil II giomer, Cention N, and Z250 micro-hybrid composite resin could be compromised subsequent to bleaching with 15% carbamide peroxide gel. The three resin-based restorative materials exhibited similar flexural strength values irrespective of the use or no use of 15% carbamide peroxide gel.

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The Effect of Different Finishing and Polishing Systems on the Surface Roughness of Different Composite Restorative Materials

The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice ◽

10.5005/jcdp-8-2-89 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 89-96 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Hacer Deniz Arisu ◽

Mine Betül Üçtaşli ◽

Hüma Ömürlü ◽

Evrim Eligüzeloğlu ◽

Suat Özcan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Surface Roughness ◽

Composite Resin ◽

Restorative Material ◽

Average Surface Roughness ◽

Significance Level ◽

Average Surface ◽

Different Types ◽

Restorative Materials ◽

Before And After

Abstract Aim The purpose of this in vitro study was to examine the effect of two different finishing systems on the surface roughness of different types of composite restorative materials. Methods and Materials Thirty specimens, 8 mm in diameter and 3 mm in depth, were prepared using a microfill composite (Clearfil ST, Kuraray Co. Ltd., Osaka, Japan), a hybrid composite (Clearfil AP-X, Kuraray Co. Ltd., Osaka, Japan), and a packable composite (Clearfil Photo Posterior, Kuraray Co. Ltd., Osaka, Japan) cured against a Mylar matrix strip to create a baseline surface. The average surface roughness was measured using a surface profilometer (Surftest 211, Mitutoyo, Japan) in five different positions on each sample before and after finishing with one of the two finishing systems [Sof-Lex discs (3M) and Po-Go (Dentsply)]. The obtained data were analyzed by two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) at a p=0.05 significance level. Results There were statistically significant differences in the average surface roughness (Ra, ìm) between the Mylar matrix strip, Sof-Lex discs, and Po-Go discs (p<0.05). For all tested materials, the Mylar matrix strip provided smoother surfaces than both of the finishing systems (p<0.05). When the finishing discs were compared, Sof-Lex discs produced a smoother surface than Po-Go discs for all tested materials (p<0.05). Conclusion The Mylar matrix strip provided a smoother surface than Sof-Lex and Po-Go discs. Furthermore, Sof-Lex discs produced smoother surfaces than Po-Go discs. Sof-Lex and Po-Go systems produced clinically acceptable surface roughness for microfill, hybrid, and packable composite resin materials. The effect of finishing and polishing systems on surface roughness was dependent on both the system and the composite resin restorative material. Citation Üçtaşli MB, Arisu HD, Ömürlü H, Eligüzeloğlu E, Özcan S, Ergun G. The Effect of Different Finishing and Polishing Systems on the Surface Roughness of Different Composite Restorative Materials. J Contemp Dent Pract 2007 February;(8)2:089-096.

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Comparison of the effect of bleaching with 15% carbamide peroxideand 35% hydrogen peroxide on flexural strength of Cention N in selfcuredand dual-cured polymerization modes

Journal of Dental Research Dental Clinics Dental Prospects ◽

10.34172/joddd.2020.023 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 105-109

Author(s):

Narmin Mohammadi ◽

Soodabeh Kimyai ◽

Yasaman Ghavami Lahij ◽

Mahmoud Bahari ◽

Amir Ahmad Ajami ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Peroxide ◽

Flexural Strength ◽

The Self ◽

Restorative Material ◽

Carbamide Peroxide ◽

Tooth Structure ◽

Peroxide Bleaching ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Mean ◽

The Difference

Background. The use of bleaching agents might result in microstructural changes in tooth structure andin restorative materials. This study compared the effects of bleaching with %15 carbamide peroxide and%35 hydrogen peroxide on the flexural strength of Cention N restorative material using the self-curedand dual-cured polymerization modes. Methods. Sixty bar-shaped samples of Cention N restorative material were included in this in vitrostudy and assigned to three groups (n=20) randomly: control, bleaching with %15 carbamide peroxideand bleaching with %35 hydrogen peroxide. Each group was divided into two subgroups: samplespolymerized in the self-cured mode and samples polymerized in the dual-cured mode. Then the flexuralstrengths of the samples were determined. Two-way ANOVA was used to compare flexural strengthsbetween the three groups in two polymerization modes, followed by post hoc Tukey test. Statisticalsignificance was defined at P<0.05. Results. The difference in the mean flexural strength was significant in terms of the bleaching regimen(P<0.001), with significantly lower flexural strength in the two bleaching groups compared to thecontrol group. However, the mean flexural strengths were not significantly different in terms of thepolymerization mode applied (P=0.14). Conclusion. The application of %15 carbamide peroxide and %35 hydrogen peroxide bleaching agentsdecreased the flexural strength of Cention N restorative material. Irrespective of the bleaching regimen,there was no significant difference in the flexural strength of Cention N between the self-curing anddual-curing polymerization modes.

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Effect of 15% Carbamide Peroxide on the Surface Roughness and Adhesion of Streptococcus mutans to Microhybrid Composite Resin and Giomer

World Journal of Dentistry ◽

10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1452 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 288-295

Author(s):

Sahand Rikhtegaran ◽

Mahdi Rahbar ◽

Narmin Mohammadi ◽

Shadieh Mowlaie ◽

Siavash Savadi-Oskoee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Surface Roughness ◽

Streptococcus Mutans ◽

Culture Medium ◽

Composite Resin ◽

Artificial Saliva ◽

Carbamide Peroxide ◽

Bleaching Procedure ◽

Restorative Materials ◽

Solid Culture Medium ◽

Number Of Bacteria

ABSTRACT Introduction Adhesion of bacteria, especially Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans), to the surface of tooth restorations is a factor in the etiology of secondary caries. Given the ever-increasing popularity of bleaching procedures, the aim of the present study was to evaluate adhesion of S. mutans and surface roughness (SR) of microhybrid composite resin and giomer subsequent to the application of 15% carbamide peroxide. Materials and methods Twenty disk-shaped samples were prepared from each material, measuring 8 mm in diameter and 2 mm in thickness. Then, the samples of each material were divided into two groups (n = 10): (a) microhybrid without bleaching; (b) microhybrid with bleaching; and (c) giomer without bleaching; and (d) giomer with bleaching. The samples in groups I and III were immersed in artificial saliva for 14 days without any bleaching procedure; the samples in groups II and IV underwent a bleaching procedure on their polished surfaces with 15% carbamide peroxide for 14 days (4 hours of bleaching and 20 hours of immersion in artificial saliva). The SR of all the samples was determined with the use of a profilometer. The samples were added to the culture medium after 4 hours of placement in a microbial suspension at 37°C; after 24 hours of incubation at 37°C, the bacterial counts, indicating the number of bacteria adhering to the surface, were determined by counting them in the plates containing the solid culture medium. Results The type of the restorative material had a significant effect on SR, with greater SR in giomer (p = 0.03). However, bleaching had no significant effect on SR (p = 0.099). In relation to the rate of bacterial adhesion (BA), both the types of the restorative materials and bleaching procedures were significantly effective; in this context, there was more BA in microhybrid composite resin samples that did not undergo bleaching (p < 0.001). Bleaching resulted in the adhesion of S. mutans to the surface of both materials decrease. Pearson's correlation coefficient did not reveal any correlation between BA and SR (p = 0.42). Conclusion The BA was higher in microhybrid composite resin, and SR was higher in giomer. The BA was higher in samples that did not undergo a bleaching procedure. Clinical significance There is no change in the SR of microhybrid composite resin and giomer after application of 15% carbamide peroxide; therefore, it is not necessary to polish or replace these restorative materials after bleaching. In addition, use of 15% carbamide peroxide does not increase caries risk. How to cite this article Mohammadi N, Mowlaie S, Savadi- Oskoee S, Ebrahimi ME, Rikhtegaran S, Rahbar M, Pirzadeh T. Effect of 15% Carbamide Peroxide on the Surface Roughness and Adhesion of Streptococcus mutans to Microhybrid Composite Resin and Giomer. World J Dent 2017;8(4):288-295.

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Effect of Carbamide Peroxide Bleaching Gel on Composite Resin Flexural Strength and Microhardness

Brazilian Dental Journal ◽

10.1590/0103-6440201302155 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 24 (3) ◽

pp. 263-266 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Gabriel Rodrigues Hatanaka ◽

Filipe de Oliveira Abi-Rached ◽

Antonio Alves de Almeida-Junior ◽

Carlos Alberto dos Santos Cruz

Keyword(s):

Flexural Strength ◽

Vickers Microhardness ◽

Composite Resin ◽

Testing Machine ◽

Distilled Water ◽

Restorative Material ◽

Carbamide Peroxide ◽

Peroxide Bleaching ◽

Post Hoc ◽

Bleaching Treatment

This study investigated the effect of 16% carbamide peroxide (Whiteness Perfect/FGM) on the Vickers microhardness and flexural strength of the restorative composites Filtek Z100 (hybrid), Filtek Z350 (nanofill), Brilliant (micro-hybrid) and Opallis (micro-hybrid). Disc-shaped (4x2 mm; n=5) and bar-shaped (12x2x1 mm; n=10) specimens of each restorative material were randomly divided into 2 groups: (G1) 16 weeks stored in distilled water; (G2) 16 weeks stored in distilled water, with 16% carbamide peroxide application during 6 h per day for the last 4 weeks. The mechanical properties were evaluated using a Vickers microhardness tester and a mechanical testing machine. Data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA and Tukey's (HSD) post-hoc test (α=0.05). Filtek Z100 presented the highest microhardness value, followed by Filtek Z350 and finally by Brilliant and Opallis (p=0.00). Filtek Z100 and Brilliant exhibited the highest flexural strength value, followed by Filtek Z350 and Opallis (p=0.00). Bleaching treatment decreased significantly microhardness of Brilliant and Opallis (p=0.00). The flexural strength of all studied materials was not affected by the home bleaching (p=0.28).

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Influence of Carbamide Peroxide on the Flexural Strength of Tooth-colored Restorative Materials: An In Vitro Study at Different Environmental Temperatures

Operative Dentistry ◽

10.2341/09-139-l ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 35 (3) ◽

pp. 300-307 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

H. Yu ◽

Q. Li ◽

Y. Lin ◽

W. Buchalla ◽

Y. Wang

Keyword(s):

Flexural Strength ◽

Clinical Relevance ◽

Environmental Temperature ◽

Dental Materials ◽

In Vitro Study ◽

Vitro Study ◽

Carbamide Peroxide ◽

Restorative Materials ◽

Environmental Temperatures

Clinical Relevance The flexural strength of dental materials can be affected by carbamide peroxide. The environmental temperature can be thought to be a factor influencing the bleaching effects on dental materials.

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Marginal Leakage of Endodontic Temporary Restorative Materials around Access Cavities Prepared with Pre-Endodontic Composite Build-Up: An In Vitro Study

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma13071700 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (7) ◽

pp. 1700

Author(s):

Atsushi Kameyama ◽

Aoi Saito ◽

Akiko Haruyama ◽

Tomoaki Komada ◽

Setsuko Sugiyama ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Zinc Oxide ◽

Resin Composite ◽

Glass Ionomer Cement ◽

In Vitro Study ◽

Restorative Material ◽

Glass Ionomer ◽

Zinc Oxide Eugenol ◽

Restorative Materials ◽

Ionomer Cement

This study aimed to examine the marginal seal between various commercial temporary restorative materials and exposed dentin/built-up composite. Sixty bovine incisors were cut above the cemento-enamel junction, and half of the dentin was removed to form a step, which was built up using flowable resin composite. The root canals were irrigated, filled with calcium hydroxide, and sealed using one of six temporary sealing materials (hydraulic temporary restorative material, temporary stopping material, zinc oxide eugenol cement, glass-ionomer cement, auto-cured resin-based temporary restorative material, and light-cured resin-based temporary restorative material) (n = 10 for each material). The samples were thermocycled 500 times and immersed in an aqueous solution of methylene blue. After 2 days, they were cut along the long axis of the tooth and the depth of dye penetration was measured at the dentin side and the built-up composite side. For the margins of the pre-endodontic resin composite build-up, the two resin-based temporary restorative materials showed excellent sealing. Hydraulic temporary restorative material had a moderate sealing effect, but the sealing effect of both zinc oxide eugenol cement and glass-ionomer cement was poorer.

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An in vitro Evaluation of Artificial Caries-like Lesions on Restored Overdenture Abutments

Journal of Dental Research ◽

10.1177/00220345880670031101 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 67 (3) ◽

pp. 582-584 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

P.P. Kambhu ◽

R.L. Ettinger ◽

J.S. Wefel

Keyword(s):

Light Microscopy ◽

Polarized Light ◽

Polarized Light Microscopy ◽

The Other ◽

Type Ii ◽

Restorative Materials ◽

Abutment Teeth ◽

The Mean ◽

Materials Used

An acidified dialyzed gelatin gel system was used to determine the caries resistance of a variety of restorative materials used to obturate the canal orifice of overdenture abutment teeth. The restorative materials used were Tytin, Tytin + Copalite, P30 + Scotchbond, Fuji Ionomer-Type II, and Miracle Mix. Polarized light microscopy and microradiography were used to examine the caries-like lesions adjacent to the restorations. The lesions formed in the Fuji Ionomer-Type II and Miracle Mix groups appeared arrested at the wall adjacent to the restoration, and did not penetrate apically down the wall as did those associated with the other restorative materials. The mean depths of lesions adjacent to Fuji Ionomer-Type II and Miracle Mix restorations were significantly less than those of Tytin, Tytin + Copalite, or P30 + Scotchbond.

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Radiopacity of restorative materials using digital images

Journal of Applied Oral Science ◽

10.1590/s1678-77572006000200015 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 147-152 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Leda Maria Pescinini Salzedas ◽

Mário Jefferson Quirino Louzada ◽

Antonio Braz de Oliveira Filho

Keyword(s):

Restorative Material ◽

Radiographic Image ◽

Equivalent Thickness ◽

Tooth Structure ◽

Suitable Material ◽

Dental Tissues ◽

Permanent Molar ◽

Restorative Materials ◽

Phosphor Plate ◽

The Mean

The radiopacity of esthetic restorative materials has been established as an important requirement, improving the radiographic diagnosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the radiopacity of six restorative materials using a direct digital image system, comparing them to the dental tissues (enamel-dentin), expressed as equivalent thickness of aluminum (millimeters of aluminum). Five specimens of each material were made. Three 2-mm thick longitudinal sections were cut from an intact extracted permanent molar tooth (including enamel and dentin). An aluminum step wedge with 9 steps was used. The samples of different materials were placed on a phosphor plate together with a tooth section, aluminum step wedge and metal code letter, and were exposed using a dental x-ray unit. Five measurements of radiographic density were obtained from each image of each item assessed (restorative material, enamel, dentin, each step of the aluminum step wedge) and the mean of these values was calculated. Radiopacity values were subsequently calculated as equivalents of aluminum thickness. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) indicated significant differences in radiopacity values among the materials (P<0.0001). The radiopacity values of the restorative materials evaluated were, in decreasing order: TPH, F2000, Synergy, Prisma Flow, Degufill, Luxat. Only Luxat had significantly lower radiopacity values than dentin. One material (Degufill) had similar radiopacity values to enamel and four (TPH, F2000, Synergy and Prisma Flow) had significantly higher radiopacity values than enamel. In conclusion, to assess the adequacy of posterior composite restorations it is important that the restorative material to be used has enough radiopacity, in order to be easily distinguished from the tooth structure in the radiographic image. Knowledge on the radiopacity of different materials helps professionals to select the most suitable material, along with other properties such as biocompatibility, adhesion and esthetic.

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A Comparative Evaluation of Fracture Resistance of Endodontically Treated Teeth restored with Composite Resin Core using Two Different Designs of Prefabricated Metal Posts: An in vitro Study

Journal of Contemporary Dentistry ◽

10.5005/jp-journals-10031-1193 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 97-102

Author(s):

Sabita M Ram ◽

Naisargi Shah ◽

Amit M Gaikwad

Keyword(s):

Fracture Resistance ◽

Comparative Evaluation ◽

Composite Resin ◽

Fracture Load ◽

Endodontically Treated Teeth ◽

Group I ◽

Resin Core ◽

Post And Core ◽

The Mean

ABSTRACT Aim To comparatively evaluate the fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth restored with light-cured composite resin core using two different designs of prefabricated metal posts. Materials and methods A total of 30 single-rooted anterior teeth were selected for the study and endodontically treated. Teeth were sectioned 2 mm above the cementoenamel junction and were randomly divided into two groups (n = 15). Teeth in group I were restored with Parallel post—EG post and group II with parallel post with coronal flare—i post. Light-cured composite core buildup was done in all samples using a customized core former. Compressive load was applied at a 135° angle to the long axis of the tooth at a cross-head speed of 1 mm/minute until visible signs of fracture were observed. Levene's test and t-test were used to determine the difference of the failure loads between the groups (α = 0.05). Results The mean values (standard deviation [SD]) for fracture resistance were 295.55 N and 469.59 N for parallel post—EG post and parallel post with coronal flare—i post respectively. Since the p-value for the t-test is less than 0.05, it indicates that we should reject null hypothesis and conclude that the mean fracture load of parallel post with coronal flare—i post is significantly more than that of mean fracture load of parallel post—EG post. Conclusion The study conducted evaluated that the fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth with parallel post with coronal flare—i post and core buildup had better strength as compared with parallel post—EG post and core buildup. Clinical significance The present study will help the clinician to select the appropriate prefabricated metal post that will fit exactly into the coronal flare of the canal improving clinical performance, thus increasing the longevity of the restoration. How to cite this article Gaikwad AM, Shah N, Ram SM. A Comparative Evaluation of Fracture Resistance of Endodontically Treated Teeth restored with Composite Resin Core using Two Different Designs of Prefabricated Metal Posts: An in vitro Study. J Contemp Dent 2017;7(2):97-102.

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