scholarly journals The frequency of Epstein-Barr virus among hemodialysis patients, Ahvaz, Iran

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahil Nahid Nahid Samiei ◽  
Shahab Mahmoudvand ◽  
Somayeh Shokri ◽  
Manoochehr Makvandi ◽  
Heshmatol- lah Shahbazian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organ Transplantation ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Ebv Reactivation ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Ebv Dna ◽  
Epstein Barr

Background and Objectives: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) has infected more than 90% of adults worldwide. EBV infection is asymptomatic in healthy individuals and is controlled by a robust immune response while in individuals with weakened immunesystems including Hemodialysis (HD) patients and transplant recipients leads to serious illnesses. This study was aimed to investigate the frequency of EBV among the HD patients. Materials and Methods: The cross-sectional study was carried out on 84 HD patients. These sera were checked for an- ti-EBV (VCA) IgG Ab assessment using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The DNA was extracted from the sera samples and tested for EBV DNA using nested PCR. Results: 52/84 (61.9%) of HD were males and 32/84 (38.1%) were females. The average age of participants was varying from 18 to 85 years while the mean age was 52 ± 1.57 SD years. 81 of 84 (96.42%); including 49/52 (94.23%) male and 32/32 (100%) female, were positive for anti-EBV (VCA) IgG antibody while 3 (3.58%) were negative. No significant dif- ferences were observed between the subjects regarding gender (P=0.28). EBV DNA was detected in 7 (8.33%) individuals, including 6 (11.53%) and 1 (3.12%) in male and female, respectively (P=0.24). Conclusion: Our study results showed that high prevalence of anti-EBV (VCA) IgG antibody (96.42%) were observed among the HD patients. Although the status of EBV latency was not performed, but it seems many of these patients are at risk of EBV-reactivation during the organ transplantation. As a result, it is recommended that the detection of EBNA-1 gene as a marker of EBV latency should be implemented for all HD patients to prevent EBV reactivation during organ transplantation.

scholarly journals Points of Recombination in Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) Strain P3HR-1-Derived Heterogeneous DNA as Indexes to EBV DNA Recombinogenic Events In Vivo

2008 ◽  
Vol 82 (23) ◽  
pp. 11516-11525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazufumi Ikuta ◽  
Shamala K. Srinivas ◽  
Tim Schacker ◽  
Jun-ichi Miyagi ◽  
Rona S. Scott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Defective Interfering Particles ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Ebv Reactivation ◽  
Pcr Products ◽  
Ebv Dna ◽  
Epstein Barr

ABSTRACT Deletions and rearrangements in the genome of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) strain P3HR-1 generate subgenomic infectious particles that, unlike defective interfering particles in other viral systems, enhance rather than restrict EBV replication in vitro. Reports of comparable heterogeneous (het) DNA in EBV-linked human diseases, based on detection of an abnormal juxtaposition of EBV DNA fragments BamHI W and BamHI Z that disrupts viral latency, prompted us to determine at the nucleotide level all remaining recombination joints formed by the four constituent segments of P3HR-1-derived het DNA. Guided by endonuclease restriction maps, we chose PCR primer pairs that approximated and framed junctions creating the unique BamHI M/B1 and E/S fusion fragments. Sequencing of PCR products revealed points of recombination that lacked regions of extensive homology between constituent fragments. Identical recombination junctions were detected by PCR in EBV-positive salivary samples from human immunodeficiency virus-infected donors, although the W/Z rearrangement that induces EBV reactivation was frequently found in the absence of the other two. In vitro infection of lymphoid cells similarly indicated that not all three het DNA rearrangements need to reside on a composite molecule. These results connote a precision in the recombination process that dictates both composition and regulation of gene segments altered by genomic rearrangement. Moreover, the apparent frequency of het DNA at sites of EBV replication in vivo is consistent with a likely contribution to the pathogenesis of EBV reactivation.

scholarly journals Hubungan Antara Kadar DNA Plasma Virus Epstein Barr Dengan Stadium Klinis Karsinoma Nasofaring WHO Tipe 3

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 165
Author(s):  
Putranti Dyahayu Roziaty ◽  
Soehartono Soehartono ◽  
Hendradi Surjotomo
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Tumor Type ◽  
Computed Tomography Scan ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Ebv Dna ◽  
Epstein Barr ◽  
Tomography Scan

Latar Belakang: Karsinoma nasofaring (KNF) merupakan keganasan yang tersering ditemukan, dan berdampak pada penurunan kualitas hidup serta memiliki mortalitas tinggi. Penanganan KNF selama ini terkendala oleh waktu tunggu yang cukup lama dalam menentukan staging KNF terutama untuk antrian pemeriksaan computed tomography scan (CT scan) dan Ultrasonography (USG). Pemeriksaan kadar DNA EBV (Deoxyribonucleic acid Epstein-Barr Virus) pada pasien yang relatif lebih mudah dan terjangkau dapat digunakan untuk memprediksi stadium dan prognosis KNF. Dengan mengetahui prognosis KNF lebih dini, maka diharapkan penanganan terhadap KNF dapat segera dilakukan. Tujuan: Mengetahui apakah kadar DNA EBV dapat dipakai untuk memprediksi stadium dan prognosis KNF dengan cara mencari hubungan antara kadar DNA EBV dengan stadium KNF. Metode: Penelitian cross sectional melibatkan 15 subjek penelitian yang terdiagnosis KNF WHO tipe 3 kemudian dilakukan staging dengan CT scan, USG abdomen, dan foto toraks, serta diambil sampel darah untuk diukur kadar DNA EBV. Hasil: Seluruh subjek penelitian mengalami peningkatan kadar DNA EBV sesuai dengan peningkatan stadium KNF. Peningkatan stadium KNF berhubungan signifikan dengan peningkatan kadar DNA EBV (p=0,001). Ukuran tumor (T) berhubungan signifikan dengan kadar DNA EBV (p=0,023), ukuran nodul (N) berhubungan signifikan dengan kadar DNA EBV (p=0,005), ada tidaknya metastasis tidak berhubungan signifikan dengan kadar DNA EBV (p=0,398). Nilai cut off kadar DNA EBV sebesar 952 kopi/ml. Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara kadar DNA EBV dengan stadium klinis, dengan demikian kadar DNA EBV dapat dipertimbangkan untuk digunakan sebagai prediktor stadium dan prognosis KNF. Background: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is the predominant tumor type arising in the nasopharynx,  with a high mortality and affecting quality of life.  NPC treatment  management is hindered by long queues of Computed Tomography Scan (CT scan) and Ultrasonography (USG) examinations to ascertain the NPC staging. The examination of Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) DNA level is relatively simpler and inexpensive  to predict the NPC staging and prognosis, thus, it can speed up NPC treatment. Objective: To determine whether EBV DNA level can be used to predict the NPC  stage and prognosis by finding a correlation between EBV DNA level and NPC stage. Method: This was  a cross-sectional study involving 15 respondents who were diagnosed as WHO type 3 NPC, and examined by CT scan, abdominal ultrasound, chest X-ray,  and blood  test for measuring the levels of EBV DNA to determine the stage. Results: All respondents had elevated levels of EBV DNA in accordance with NPC stage elevation. Increased NPC stages were significantly correlated with elevated levels of EBV DNA (p=0.001). The size of tumor (T) was significantly correlated with EBV DNA (p=0.023), the size of nodule (N) was significantly correlated with EBV DNA (p=0.005).  The presence or absence of metastasis did not significantly correlate with EBV DNA (p=0.398). The EBV DNA cut off value was 952 copies/ml. Conclusions: There  was a significant correlation between EBV DNA levels and clinical stages, hence EBV DNA can be considered to be used as NPC staging and prognosis predictor.   

scholarly journals Prevention of Epstein-Barr virus–lymphoproliferative disease by molecular monitoring and preemptive rituximab in high-risk patients after allogeneic stem cell transplantation

Blood ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 99 (12) ◽  
pp. 4364-4369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joost W. J. van Esser ◽  
Hubert G. M. Niesters ◽  
Bronno van der Holt ◽  
Ellen Meijer ◽  
Albert D. M. E. Osterhaus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Lymphoproliferative Disease ◽  
Viral Reactivation ◽  
Preemptive Therapy ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Ebv Reactivation ◽  
Risk Patients ◽  
Ebv Dna ◽  
Epstein Barr

Recipients of a partially T-cell–depleted (TCD) allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT) developing reactivation of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) with quantified viral DNA levels exceeding 1000 genome equivalents/milliliter (geq/mL) are at high risk for EBV–lymphoproliferative disease (EBV-LPD). We studied whether preemptive therapy with rituximab prevents EBV-LPD, LPD-mortality, and abrogates viral reactivation in high-risk patients. We monitored 49 recipients of a TCD allo-SCT weekly for EBV reactivation by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Preemptive therapy by a single infusion of rituximab was given to patients with viral reactivation more than or equal to 1000 geq/mL. Results were compared with an historical control group of patients retrospectively monitored for EBV reactivation at similar intervals. There were 17 prospectively monitored patients who showed EBV reactivation more than or equal to 1000 geq/mL and 15 received preemptive therapy. Median time to preemptive therapy was 113 days (range, 41-202 days) after SCT. There were 14 patients who showed complete response (CR) as characterized by prevention of EBV-LPD and complete clearance of EBV-DNA from plasma, which was achieved after a median number of 8 days (range, 1-46 days). One patient progressed to EBV-LPD despite pre-emptive therapy, but obtained CR after 2 infusions of rituximab and donor lymphocyte infusion. There were 2 patients who had already developed EBV-LPD prior to preemptive rituximab, but obtained CR following 2 rituximab infusions. Comparison of this prospectively followed series to our historical cohort with the same high-risk profile showed a reduction of EBV-LPD incidence (18% ± 9% versus 49% ± 11%, respectively) and a complete abrogation of LPD-mortality (0% versus 26% ± 10%, respectively) (P = .04) at 6 months from EBV-DNA more than or equal to 1000 geq/mL. Frequent quantitative monitoring of EBV reactivation and preemptive therapy by rituximab improves outcome in patients at high risk of EBV-LPD.

False Positive EBNA IgM and IgG Antibody Tests for Infectious Mononucleosis in Children

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 94 (6) ◽  
pp. 892-894 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorothy Levine ◽  
Rosemary Klenk ◽  
Alan Morelli ◽  
Nancy Hofreuter ◽  
Richard C. Tilton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Infectious Mononucleosis ◽  
False Positive ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus Infection ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Epstein Barr ◽  
Barr Virus Infection

Objectives. To assess the reliability of the Monolert test, a new enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the diagnosis of acute infectious mononucleosis (IM). Design. A retrospective laboratory and clinical analysis of 38 children diagnosed with acute IM. Setting. A suburban pediatric practice in Connecticut. Patients. Thirty-eight children (ages 18 months to 17 years) who were diagnosed with acute IM using the Monolert test during the period October 1992 to August 1993. Results. Eighty-three percent of these children had no evidence of Epstein-Barr virus infection on subsequent investigation. The false positive results of the Monolert test could not be explained on the basis of elevated antibody titers to either cytomegalovirus or Borrelia burgdorferi. Conclusion. Monolert is a poor screening test and is of little apparent value as a diagnostic test for acute Epstein-Barr virus infection in pediatric patients.

scholarly journals Screening for Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) infection status in university freshmen: acceptability of a gingival swab method

2019 ◽  
Vol 147 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Grimm-Geris ◽  
S. K. Dunmire ◽  
L. M. Duval ◽  
E. A. Filtz ◽  
H. J. Leuschen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
College Freshmen ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Efficacy Trial ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Freshman Year ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Ebv Dna ◽  
Epstein Barr

AbstractProphylactic vaccines against Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) are under development. EBV-naïve college freshmen are ideal candidates for an efficacy trial, because their incidence of infectious mononucleosis (mono) during freshman year is as high as 20%. To assess perceptions about mono and a mono vaccine, and to learn if EBV immune status could be determined using a gingival swab rather than phlebotomy, we performed a cross-sectional study of 235 healthy students at the beginning of their freshman year. Subjects completed questionnaires and donated oral washes, gingival swabs and venous blood. Overall, 90% of students found the swab easy to use and 80% preferred the swab over venepuncture. Of the 193 students with sufficient samples, 108 (56%) had EBV antibodies in bloodvs.87 (45.1%) in the gingival swab. The sensitivity and specificity of the swab compared with blood for detecting EBV antibodies was 75.9% and 94.1%, respectively, with an accuracy of 89.3%. EBV DNA was detected in the oral wash and swab of 39.2% and 30.4% of blood-antibody-positive individuals, respectively. In conclusion, 44% of our freshmen were EBV-naïve and thus vaccine candidates, the gingival swab was an acceptable alternative to phlebotomy for detecting EBV antibody but needs improved sensitivity, and the perceived value of EBV vaccine was high (72% believed they would benefit).

scholarly journals Frequent co-reactivation of Epstein–Barr virus in patients with cytomegalovirus viremia under immunosuppressive therapy and/or chemotherapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (11) ◽  
pp. 030006052097288
Author(s):  
Yuki Hatayama ◽  
Yuki Hashimoto ◽  
Toru Motokura
Keyword(s):  
Immunosuppressive Therapy ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Quantitative Real Time Pcr ◽  
Old Patients ◽  
Steroid Pulse ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Ebv Reactivation ◽  
Immunosuppressed Patients ◽  
Ebv Dna ◽  
Epstein Barr

Objective Co-reactivation of cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) occurs in iatrogenically immunosuppressed patients, but the clinical relevance of this is unknown. We aimed to determine the frequency of EBV reactivation in patients with CMV viremia and to explore its clinical significance. Methods Serum or plasma CMV and EBV DNA was detected by quantitative real-time PCR in 82 patients who received immunosuppressive therapy and/or chemotherapy and underwent CMV antigenemia tests. Results CMV DNA was positive in 55 patients, with EBV reactivation being found in 29 of these (52.7%). EBV co-reactivation was significantly associated with aging (>64 years vs. ≤64 years, odds ratio 4.07, 95% confidence interval 1.06–15.6). When older patients were divided into two groups according to age, EBV co-reactivation occurred more frequently in early-old patients (aged 65–74 years) than in late-old patients (aged ≥75 years) (100.0% vs. 53.3%, respectively). Steroid pulse treatment was administered significantly more often in the early-old group than in those aged ≤64 years and ≥75 years (72.7% vs 27.6% vs 14.3%, respectively). Conclusions Co-reactivation of EBV in patients with CMV viremia highlighted early-old patients and may reflect treatment intensity as well as immunosenescence.

scholarly journals Endosomal Toll-Like Receptors Mediate Enhancement of Interleukin-17A Production Triggered by Epstein-Barr Virus DNA in Mice

2019 ◽  
Vol 93 (20) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marwa Shehab ◽  
Nour Sherri ◽  
Hadi Hussein ◽  
Noor Salloum ◽  
Elias A. Rahal
Keyword(s):  
Autoimmune Diseases ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Toll Like Receptors ◽  
Viral Dna ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Proinflammatory Mediators ◽  
Interleukin 17A ◽  
Ebv Dna ◽  
Epstein Barr

ABSTRACT We previously demonstrated that Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA increases the production of the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-17A (IL-17A) in mice. This property may contribute to the established association between EBV and autoimmune diseases. The objective of the present study was to elucidate mechanisms through which EBV DNA modulates IL-17A levels in mice. To determine whether endosomal Toll-like receptors (TLRs) played a role in this pathway, the expression of TLR3, -7, or -9 was assessed by real-time reverse transcription-PCR in mouse spleens after injection of EBV DNA. Moreover, specific inhibitors were used for these TLRs in mouse peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) cultured with EBV DNA and in mice injected with this viral DNA; IL-17A levels were then assessed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The expression of the endosomal receptors TLR3, -7, and -9 was increased in mice injected with EBV DNA. When mouse immune cells were cultured with EBV DNA and a TLR3, -7, or -9 inhibitor or when mice were injected with the viral DNA along with either of these inhibitors, a significant decrease in IL-17A levels was detected. Therefore, endosomal TLRs are involved in the EBV DNA-mediated triggering of IL-17A production in mice. Targeting these receptors in EBV-positive subjects with autoimmunity may be useful pending investigations assessing whether they play a similar role in humans. IMPORTANCE Epstein-Barr virus is a pathogen that causes persistent infection with potential consistent viral DNA shedding. The enhancement of production of proinflammatory cytokines by viral DNA itself may contribute to autoimmune disease development or exacerbation. In this project, we identified that endosomal Toll-like receptors are involved in triggering proinflammatory mediators in response to viral DNA. Pathways and receptors involved may serve as future therapeutic targets for autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, and systemic lupus erythematosus.

scholarly journals Effects of Epstein-Barr Virus Infection on CD19+ B Lymphocytes in Patients with Immunorelated Pancytopenia

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Yang Zhao ◽  
Yihao Wang ◽  
Hui Liu ◽  
Kai Ding ◽  
Chunyan Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
B Cells ◽  
B Lymphocytes ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
B Lymphocyte ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus Infection ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Ebv Infection ◽  
Ebv Dna ◽  
Epstein Barr

Objectives. To explore effects of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection on CD19+ B lymphocytes in patients with immunorelated pancytopenia (IRP). Methods. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in vitro diagnostic kit was used to detect EBV capsid antigen- (CA-) IgG and VCA-IgM antibodies in the serum. We analyzed the EBV-DNA copies of CD19+ B lymphocyte by using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). CD21, CD23, CD5, CD80, and CD86 receptors on the surfaces of CD19+ B cells were detected by flow cytometry (FCM). The correlation between these receptors and EBV-DNA copies were evaluated. Results. The results revealed that the positive rate of EBVCA-IgM and CD19+ B lymphocyte EBV-DNA copy in the IRP group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). CD19+ B lymphocyte EBV-DNA copies were also more abundant in IRP patients than in control subjects (P<0.05). Expression levels of the CD21, CD23, CD5, CD80, and CD86 receptors on the surfaces of CD19+ B cells in IRP patients with anti-EBVCA IgM positivity were significantly higher than those in anti-EBVCA IgM negativity IRP patients (P<0.05). The results revealed that EBV-DNA copy numbers were positively correlated with CD21, CD23, CD5, CD80, and CD86 expression. Conclusions. EBV infection may activate CD19+ B lymphocytes and further disrupt bone marrow hematopoiesis in IRP patients.

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