Diffusion Weighted Imaging of Brain Gliomas in the Differential Diagnosis Value

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian JIANG ◽  
Liangcai BAI ◽  
Xueling ZHANG ◽  
Jianli LIU ◽  
Junlin ZHOU
Keyword(s):  
Brain Metastases ◽  
Diffusion Weighted Imaging ◽  
High Grade Glioma ◽  
Low Grade Glioma ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Imaging Data ◽  
Grade Group ◽  
Diffusion Weighted

Background: To evaluate the diagnostic value of diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) and apparent diffusion coefficient measurement (ADC) in glioma. cient measurement (ADC) in glioma. Methods: Thirty two low-grade glioma patients and 31 high-grade glioma patients who were confirmed by pathology in Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China from February 2016 to January 2019 were selected. The other 30 patients with brain metastases were selected as a control group. DWI imaging data of the three groups were collected, and ADC, relative ADC (rADC) values in tumor parenchyma, peritumor edema area, and contralateral normal white matter area were measured, and the levels of n-acetyl aspartic acid (NAA), choline (Cho), creatine (Cr) of tumor metabolites were analyzed. Results: rADC values in the peri-tumor edema areas of the high-grade glioma group were significantly lower than those in the low-grade group and the metastatic group （P=0.011）, and the low-grade group was significantly lower than that in the metastatic group (P < 0.05). NAA/Cho and NAA/Cr in parenchymal and peritumor edema areas of patients in the advanced group were significantly lower than those in the metastatic group (P < 0.05), and Cho /Cr was significantly higher than those in the metastatic group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: the rADC value, NAA/Cho, NAA/Cr and Cho/Cr in parenchymal and peritumor edema areas of the tumor can help to distinguish high-grade glioma, low-grade glioma and brain metastases.

scholarly journals Long non-coding RNA panel as a molecular biomarker in glioma

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdol Ali Ebrahimi ◽  
Hasan Ashoori ◽  
Farnaz Vahidian ◽  
Iman Samiei Mosleh ◽  
Shaghayegh Kamian
Keyword(s):  
High Grade Glioma ◽  
Tumor Grade ◽  
Low Grade Glioma ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Molecular Biomarker ◽  
And Control ◽  
Pathology Samples

Abstract Background Glioma is one of the most malignant brain tumors, accounting for about half of the gliomas that occur in central nervous system (CNS), originates from the glial tissue of the brain. The aim of the present study was to determine the expression levels of 5 lncRNAs (MDC1-AS1, HOXA11-AS, MALAT1, CASC2, ADAMTS9-AS2) in patients with high-grade glioma in comparison with low grade glioma. Methods This was a retrospective study which determined molecular biomarker on pathologic glioma samples. We examined 100 patients’ pathologic block which consisted of 50 pathology samples of high-grade glioma (case group) and control group consisted of 50 pathology samples of low-grade glioma. This research was performed using real time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. Results The results showed that the expression of ADAMTS9-AS2 and HOXA11-AS genes significantly increased with increasing tumor grade. Also the expression of CASC2 gene significantly decreased with increasing tumor grade. Conclusions It was concluded that ADAMTS9-AS2 and HOXA11-AS and CASC2 are promising lncRNA markers in prognosis of glioma.

The Added Value of Inflow-Based Vascular-Space-Occupancy and Diffusion-Weighted Imaging in Preoperative Grading of Gliomas

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Haimei Cao ◽  
Xiang Xiao ◽  
Jun Hua ◽  
Guanglong Huang ◽  
Wenle He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Diffusion Weighted Imaging ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Mr Images ◽  
Vascular Space ◽  
Diffusion Weighted ◽  
High Grade Gliomas ◽  
And Diffusion

Objectives: The present study aimed to study whether combined inflow-based vascular-space-occupancy (iVASO) MR imaging (MRI) and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) improve the diagnostic accuracy in the preoperative grading of gliomas. Methods: Fifty-one patients with histopathologically confirmed diffuse gliomas underwent preoperative structural MRI, iVASO, and DWI. We performed 2 qualitative consensus reviews: (1) structural MR images alone and (2) structural MR images with iVASO and DWI. Relative arteriolar cerebral blood volume (rCBVa) and minimum apparent diffusion coefficient (mADC) were compared between low-grade and high-grade gliomas. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to compare the tumor grading efficiency of rCBVa, mADC, and the combination of the two parameters. Results: Two observers diagnosed accurate tumor grade in 40 of 51 (78.4%) patients in the first review and in 46 of 51 (90.2%) in the second review. Both rCBVa and mADC showed significant differences between low-grade and high-grade gliomas. ROC analysis gave a threshold value of 1.52 for rCBVa and 0.85 × 10−3 mm2/s for mADC to provide a sensitivity and specificity of 88.0 and 81.2% and 100.0 and 68.7%, respectively. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) was 0.87 and 0.85 for rCBVa and mADC, respectively. The combination of rCBVa and mADC values increased the AUC to 0.92. Conclusion: The combined application of iVASO and DWI may improve the diagnostic accuracy of glioma grading.

scholarly journals SURG-32. THE USE OF 5-AMINOLEVULINIC ACID IN LOW-GRADE GLIOMA RESECTION: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (Supplement_6) ◽  
pp. vi246-vi246
Author(s):  
Ahmad Almekkawi ◽  
Tarek El Ahmadieh ◽  
Karl Abi-Aad ◽  
Salah Aoun ◽  
Najib EL Tecle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Aminolevulinic Acid ◽  
High Grade Glioma ◽  
Extent Of Resection ◽  
Low Grade Glioma ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Visualization Technology ◽  
Glioma Resection

Abstract BACKGROUND 5-aminolevulinic acid is a reliable tool for optimizing high-grade glioma resection. However, its efficacy in low-grade glioma resection remains unclear. OBJECTIVE To study the role of 5-aminolevulinic acid in low-grade glioma resection and assess positive fluorescence rates and effect on the extent of resection. METHODS A systematic review of PubMed, Google Scholar, and Cochrane was performed from the date of inception to February 1, 2019. Studies that correlated 5-aminolevulinic acid fluorescence with low-grade glioma in the setting of operative resection were selected. Studies with biopsy only were excluded. Positive fluorescence rates were calculated. Quality index of the selected papers using the Downs and Black criteria checklist was provided. RESULTS Twelve articles met the selection criteria with 244 histologically-confirmed low-grade glioma patients who underwent microsurgical resection. All patients received 20 mg/kg body weight of 5-aminolevulinic acid. Only 60 patients (n=60/244; 24.5%) demonstrated visual intra-operative 5-aminolevulinic acid fluorescence. The extent of resection was reported in 4 studies, however, the data combined low- and high-grade tumors. Only 2 studies reported on tumor location. Only 3 studies reported on clinical outcomes. The Zeiss OPMI Pentero microscope was most commonly used across all studies. The average quality index was 14.58 (range: 10–17) which correlated with an overall good quality. CONCLUSION There is an overall low correlation between 5-aminolevulinic acid fluorescence and low-grade glioma. Advances in visualization technology and using standardized fluorescence quantification methods may further improve the visualization and reliability of 5-aminolevulinic acid fluorescence in low-grade glioma resection.

Correlation of PD-L1 with VEGF and KI-67 index in patients with primary glioma.

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (7_suppl) ◽  
pp. 94-94
Author(s):  
Song Xue ◽  
Man Hu ◽  
Jinming Yu ◽  
Bingjie Fan ◽  
Ji Ma
Keyword(s):  
Immune Escape ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
High Grade Glioma ◽  
Continuous Variable ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Grade Group ◽  
Ki 67 ◽  
Primary Glioma ◽  
The Mean

94 Background: The treatment strategies for glioma, especially glioblastoma multiforme, are not effective. The programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) immune escape and increased angiogenesis may be two of the underlying sources of treatment resistance. However, the relationship between these pathways in human glioma is still unknown. Methods: Data for 64 patients with primary glioma recorded from June 2007 to December 2013 in Shan Dong Cancer Hospital were immunohistochemically evaluated for the expressions of PD-L1, VEGF, MMP-9 and KI-67 index. Image ProPlus software was used to quantify the mean optical density (MOD) of the immunohistochemical image. Results: PD-L1 expression was observed in 65.22% of low-grade glioma and 90.24% of high-grade glioma, respectively. The whole expression rate of PD-L1 in glioma was 81.25%. The expression of PD-L1 is significantly related to pathological grade ( p <0.001), VEGF ( p= 0.017) and KI-67 index ( p= 0.009). The mean of PD-L1 MOD in High-grade group was 0.1144±0.02754, higher than that in low-grade group, 0.005129±0.001441 ( p= 0.004). In addition, Expression of VEGF, MMP-9 and KI-67 was significantly different between low-grade and high-grade gliomas ( p= 0.008, 0.04, 0.004 for VEGF, MMP-9 and KI-67, respectively). When analyzed as a continuous variable, the expressions of PD-L1 was positively correlated with VEGF (r = 0.392, p= 0.001) and KI-67 (r = 0.388, p= 0.001). Conclusions: These data suggest, for the first time, that PD-L1 play an important role in glioma angiogenesis and proliferation potential, providing the possibility for considering additional combinations of targeted VEGF therapies and anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy for the treatment of human brain glioma.

Brain Tumor Classification into High Grade and Low Grade Gliomas

2019 ◽  
pp. 785-790
Author(s):  
Sanjeet Pandey ◽  
Brijesh Bharadwaj ◽  
Himanshu Pandey ◽  
Vineet Kr. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Procedure ◽  
High Grade Glioma ◽  
Low Grade Glioma ◽  
World Health ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Learning Approaches ◽  
Sampling Errors ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Glioma Grading

Brain is recognized as one of the complex organ of the human body. Abnormal formation of cells may affect the normal functioning of the brain. These abnormal cells may belong to category of benign cells resulting in low grade glioma or malignant cells resulting in high grade glioma. The treatment plans vary according to grade of glioma detected. This results in need of precise glioma grading. As per World Health Organization, biopsy is considered to be gold standard in glioma grading. Biopsy is an invasive procedure which may contains sampling errors. Biopsy may also contain subjectivity errors. This motivated the clinician to look for other methods which may overcome the limitations of biopsy reports. Machine learning and deep learning approaches using MRI is considered to be most promising alternative approach reported by scientist in literature. The presented work were based on the concept of AdaBoost approach which is an ensemble learning approach. The developed model was optimized w.r.t to two hyper parameters i.e. no. of estimators and learning rate keeping the base model fixed. The decision tree was us ed as a base model. The proposed developed model was trained and validated on BraTS 2018 dataset. The developed optimized model achieves reasonable accuracy in carrying out classification task i.e. high grade glioma vs. low grade glioma.

Long-term outcomes after irradiation (RT) for pediatric low-grade glioma.

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 10549-10549
Author(s):  
Derek S. Tsang ◽  
Erin Sennett Murphy ◽  
Thomas E. Merchant
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Therapy ◽  
Cumulative Incidence ◽  
High Grade Glioma ◽  
Tumor Location ◽  
Low Grade Glioma ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Who Grade ◽  
Extent Of Surgery

10549 Background: Treatment for pediatric low-grade glioma (LGG) is variable, depending on age and tumor location. Systemic therapy (ST) is often used to delay RT, but ST does not result in durable local control. The goal of this study was to evaluate event-free survival (EFS) and toxicities for pediatric LGG treated with RT over a 30-year period. Methods: All patients age ≤21 with intracranial pediatric LGG (WHO grade I-II) treated with RT at a single institution since May 1986 were included in this retrospective review. Patients with metastatic disease (M+) received craniospinal irradiation (CSI); otherwise, RT was conformal. EFS and overall survival (OS) were measured from the first day of RT. Events included death, progression, or secondary high-grade glioma. Results: 221 patients were eligible. Median follow-up was 11.3 yrs (range, 0.1-30.5). Median RT dose was 54 Gy. 10-yr EFS and OS were 67.9% (95% CI 60.4-74.3) and 91.1% (95% CI 85.8-94.5) for non-metastatic patients, respectively. For 12 M+ patients treated with CSI, 10-yr EFS and OS were 58.9% (95% CI 23.4-82.5) and 70.0% (32.9-89.2), respectively. 28.6% developed pseudoprogression (PP) with median time to onset and resolution of 6.1 months (IQR 3.6-14.6) and 6.4 months (IQR 3.5-11.7), respectively. Patients with PP had improved 10-yr EFS (83.4% vs. 61.0%, HR 0.40, p = .006). Patients with grade II tumors and who received pre-RT ST had lower EFS (Table). Sex, NF-1, tumor location, extent of surgery and CSI were not independently associated with EFS. 10-yr cumulative incidence of grade ≥2 vasculopathy was 7.5% (95% CI 4.9-11.4). There were 12 cases of secondary high-grade glioma, with a 20-yr cumulative incidence of 5.5% (95% CI 2.6-11.4). Conclusions: Irradiation provides long-term control of pediatric LGG in a majority of patients. Receipt of pre-RT systemic therapy was associated with reduced EFS; this association requires further investigation. [Table: see text]

scholarly journals Variations in gene expression levels with severity of synovitis in dogs with naturally occurring stifle osteoarthritis

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. e0246188
Author(s):  
Atsushi Yamazaki ◽  
Kazuya Edamura ◽  
Yuma Tomo ◽  
Mamiko Seki ◽  
Kazushi Asano
Keyword(s):  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Synovial Tissue ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Grade Group ◽  
Radiographic Findings ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Group Score ◽  
Mrna Expression Levels

Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the major causes of chronic pain in dogs. However, the pathogenesis of OA has not been fully understood in dogs. The objective of this study was to comprehensively investigate the mRNA expression levels of proinflammatory cytokines, inflammatory mediators, nerve growth factor and its receptor, and matrix metalloproteinases in the synovium of dogs with spontaneous OA as well as to elucidate their relationships with the severity of synovitis. Dogs that were diagnosed with stifle OA on the basis of radiographic findings were included, and the degree of synovitis was observed using stifle arthroscopy. The dogs were assigned to two different groups depending on their synovitis scores: the low-grade group (score of 1 or 2; n = 8) and high-grade group (score of 3 to 5; n = 18). The dogs showing no evidence of orthopedic disease were included in the control group (n = 6). Synovial tissue samples were collected from the sites at which synovitis scores were assessed using arthroscopy. Total RNA was extracted from the collected synovial tissue, and cDNA was synthesized. Subsequently, RT-qPCR were performed using canine-specific primer sets for IL1B, IL6, CXCL8, TNF, TGFB1, PTGS2, PTGES, MMP3, MMP13, NGF, NTRK1, and PTGER4. Expression levels of IL1B, IL6, CXCL8, and MMP13 were significantly higher in the high-grade group than in the control group. In addition, expression levels of IL1B, CXCL8, TNF, and PTGS2 were significantly higher in the high-grade group than in the low-grade group. Expression levels of IL1B, IL6, CXCL8, TNF, PTGS2, and PTGER4 showed significant positive correlation with synovitis score. In conclusion, all mRNA expression levels in the synovial membrane varied according to the degree of synovitis in dogs with spontaneous OA. Thus, this study may partially elucidate the pathogenesis of synovitis in dogs with spontaneous OA.

Temozolomide after Radiotherapy for Newly Diagnosed High-grade Glioma and Unfavorable Low-grade Glioma in Children

2005 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 313-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Broniscer ◽  
Murali Chintagumpala ◽  
Maryam Fouladi ◽  
Matthew J. Krasin ◽  
Mehmet Kocak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Grade Glioma ◽  
Low Grade Glioma ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Newly Diagnosed
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