scholarly journals MLST/MVLST Analysis and Antibiotic Resistance of Vibrio cholerae in Shandong Province of China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Lü ◽  
Huaning Zhang ◽  
Ting Liu ◽  
Wei Hao ◽  
Qun Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Amino Acid Position ◽  
Shandong Province ◽  
Watery Diarrhea ◽  
Ctxb Gene ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
El Tor ◽  
Sequence Types

Background: Vibrio cholerae is an important bacterium causing profuse watery diarrhea. Cholera had swept the whole Shandong province from 1975 to 2013. Methods: From epidemiological data and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis data, we selected 86 V. cholerae isolates appearing in Shandong Province in China from 1975 to 2013 and characterized them by multilocus sequence typing (MLST)/multi-virulence locus sequence typing (MVLST), antibiogram and analysis of genes related to antibiotic resistance. Results: Combined MLST/MVLST data revealed 33 sequence types and a major group. Within the group, 3 subgroups (ST1, ST24 and ST29) were revealed, prevalent in the strains isolated during the 1980s, 1990s and 21st century, respectively. All the O1 isolates after 1990 were found to be El Tor variants harboring the classical ctxB gene. The tcpA gene of O139 strains had a mutation at amino acid position 62 (N→D). Antibiotic resistance of V. cholerae increased over time. Most El Tor variants between 1998 and 1999 were resistant to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. The O139 strain, since its appearance in 1997, had significantly broader spectrum of antibiotic resistance than O1 variants. The presence of the SXT element corresponds to the trend of growing drug resistance. Conclusion: The analysis of genotypic polymorphism and enhanced resistance of V. cholerae indicated continuous variation and evolution of this pathogenic agent in Shandong Province.

scholarly journals Molecular Analysis of Antibiotic Resistance Gene Clusters in Vibrio cholerae O139 and O1 SXT Constins

2001 ◽  
Vol 45 (11) ◽  
pp. 2991-3000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bianca Hochhut ◽  
Yasmin Lotfi ◽  
Didier Mazel ◽  
Shah M. Faruque ◽  
Roger Woodgate ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Gene ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Gene Clusters ◽  
Vibrio Cholerae O139 ◽  
El Tor

ABSTRACT Many recent Asian clinical Vibrio cholerae E1 Tor O1 and O139 isolates are resistant to the antibiotics sulfamethoxazole (Su), trimethoprim (Tm), chloramphenicol (Cm), and streptomycin (Sm). The corresponding resistance genes are located on large conjugative elements (SXT constins) that are integrated into prfC on the V. cholerae chromosome. We determined the DNA sequences of the antibiotic resistance genes in the SXT constin in MO10, an O139 isolate. In SXTMO10, these genes are clustered within a composite transposon-like structure found near the element's 5′ end. The genes conferring resistance to Cm (floR), Su (sulII), and Sm (strA and strB) correspond to previously described genes, whereas the gene conferring resistance to Tm, designated dfr18, is novel. In some other O139 isolates the antibiotic resistance gene cluster was found to be deleted from the SXT-related constin. The El Tor O1 SXT constin, SXTET, does not contain the same resistance genes as SXTMO10. In this constin, the Tm resistance determinant was located nearly 70 kbp away from the other resistance genes and found in a novel type of integron that constitutes a fourth class of resistance integrons. These studies indicate that there is considerable flux in the antibiotic resistance genes found in the SXT family of constins and point to a model for the evolution of these related mobile elements.

scholarly journals Molecular characterization of Vibrio cholerae O1 strains circulating in Assam: a north eastern state of India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajanta Sharma ◽  
Bornali Sarmah Dutta ◽  
Debajit Rabha ◽  
Elmy Samsun Rasul ◽  
Naba Kumar Hazarika
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Multiple Drug Resistance ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Multiple Drug ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Genotype 3 ◽  
El Tor

Background and Objectives: Information on the genetic epidemiology of cholera in Assam, a northeastern state of India is lacking despite cholera being a major public health problem. The study aimed to determine the virulence genes and genes encoding antibiotic resistance in Vibrio cholerae isolates and to determine the prevalent genotypes based on the presence or absence of the virulence genes and ctxB genotype. Materials and Methods: Twenty-five V. cholerae strains were subjected to conventional biotyping and serotyping followed by multiplex PCR to detect ctxA, ctxB, zot, ace, O1rfb, tcpA, ompU, ompW, rtxC, hly and toxR and antibiotic resistance genes. Cholera toxin B (ctxB) gene was amplified followed by sequencing. Results: All the V. cholerae O1 isolates were El Tor Ogawa and showed the presence of the core toxin region representing the genome of the filamentous bacteriophage CTXø. The complete cassette of virulence genes was seen in 48% of the isolates which was the predominant genotype. All the isolates possessed amino acid sequences identical to the El Tor ctxB subunit of genotype 3. sulII gene was detected in 68% of the isolates, dfrA1 in 88%, strB in 48% and SXT gene was detected in 36% of the isolates. Conclusion: Toxigenic V. cholerae O1 El Tor Ogawa strains of ctxB genotype 3 carrying a large pool of virulence genes are prevailing in Assam. Presence of a transmissible genetic element SXT in 36% of the strains is of major concern as it indicates the emergence of multiple drug resistance among the V. cholerae isolates.  

Antibiotic Resistance Conferred by a Conjugative Plasmid and a Class I Integron in Vibrio cholerae O1 El Tor Strains Isolated in Albania and Italy

1999 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 693-696 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincenzo Falbo ◽  
Alessandra Carattoli ◽  
Fabio Tosini ◽  
Cristina Pezzella ◽  
Anna Maria Dionisi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
Molecular Basis ◽  
Gene Cassette ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Conjugative Plasmid ◽  
Class 1 Integron ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
Vibrio Cholerae O1 ◽  
El Tor

ABSTRACT Multidrug-resistant Vibrio cholerae O1 El Tor strains isolated during the 1994 outbreak of cholera in Albania and Italy were characterized for the molecular basis of antibiotic resistance. All strains were found to be resistant to tetracycline, streptomycin, spectinomycin, trimethoprim, sulfathiazole, and the vibriostatic compound O/129 (2,4-diamino-6,7-diisopropylteridine). Resistance genes were self-transferable by a conjugative plasmid of about 60 MDa, with the exception of spectinomycin resistance, which was conferred by theaadA1 gene cassette located in the bacterial chromosome within a class 1 integron. The resistance to trimethoprim and O/129 was conferred by the dfrA1 gene, which was present on the plasmid. Although the dfrA1 gene is known to be borne on an integron cassette, class 1, 2, or 3 intI genes were not detected as part of the plasmid DNA from the strains studied.

scholarly journals ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE OF VIBRIO CHOLERAE O1 EL TOR ISOLATED ON THE TERRITORY OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION IN 2006-2015

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-30
Author(s):  
L. A Egiazaryan ◽  
N. A Selyanskaya ◽  
I. B Zakharova ◽  
M. V Podshivalova ◽  
E. A Bereznyak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Multiple Drug Resistance ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Multiple Drug ◽  
Environmental Objects ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
El Tor

Aim of the study. The analysis of antibiotic resistance and molecular mechanisms of the persistence of Vibrio cholerae О1 El Tor strains, isolated from patients and environmental objects on the territory of the Russian Federation in 2006-2015. Material and Methods. The susceptibility of 34 V. cholerae El Tor strains to 13 antibacterial drugs was determined by the method of serial dilutions in a rich culture medium (Instructional Guidelines (МUК) 4.2.2495-09). Results. The strains showed resistance to 1-5 antibiotics (levomicetin, streptomycin, nalidixic acid, furazolidone, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole) and harbored SXT-element with antibiotic resistance genes. The emergence of quinolone resistance in V. cholerae O1 El Tor strains with accompanying multiple drug resistance limits the choice for drugs for etiotropic therapy and aggravates the possibility of unfavourable cholera outcome.

scholarly journals Heterogeneity by antibiotic sensitivity and genotype of Vibrio Cholerae El Tor strains isolated from environmental objects in Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 246-252
Author(s):  
Nadechda Selynskaya ◽  
Daria Alexandrovna Levchenko ◽  
Liana Egiazarjan ◽  
Nina Pasyukova
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Environmental Objects ◽  
Resistance Markers ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
El Tor ◽  
Pcr Genotyping

BACKGROUND: Waterborne diseases kill 3.4 million people worldwide each year. Cholera is one such disease. Up to 4 million cases of this infection occur in the world every year, leading to more than 100,000 deaths. The plasticity of the genome of the causative agent of cholera, the mobility of genetic elements carrying factors of pathogenicity and antibiotic resistance, contribute to the variability and unpredictability of the spectrum of resistance, the formation of new pheno- and genotypes. A single Vibrio cholerae isolate can contain up to 40 different genes that can confer resistance to 22 antibiotics, representing nine different classes of antimicrobial drugs. The ability of Vibrio cholerae to long-term survival in aquatic ecosystems in which there is an active exchange of genetic information and new ecological lines may arise that have potential advantages in the adaptation of microorganisms to adverse conditions, emphasizes the complexity of the ways of transmission of this infection and the need for studies at the environmental level. Periodic deliveries of cholera to the territory of the Russian Federation with (without) the spread of the infectious agent, V. cholerae contamination of surface water bodies used as sources of water supply and for recreational water use, the possibility of implementing the main route for cholera (water) the pathway for the spread of the pathogen of the infection indicate the need for conducting annual monitoring of antimicrobial resistance as part of the epidemiological surveillance of cholera in order to obtain information on the distribution, nature and dynamics of resistance in a specific period of time in a given territory. AIM: Analysis of the spectrum of antibiotic resistance of Vibrio cholerae O1 serogroup strains isolated from environmental objects in various territories of the Russian Federation in 2020. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 25 strains V. cholerae О1 El Tor, isolated from environmental objects in the Russian Federation in 2020. The sensitivity / resistance of the studied strains to 13 antibacterial drugs was determined by the method of serial dilutions on a solid nutrient medium in accordance with guidelines. PCR-genotyping of strains V. cholerae El Tor was performed for 14 target genes, followed by cluster analysis. RESULTS: The strains showed resistance markers to furazolidone, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, ampicillin, nalidixic acid, ceftriaxone, which formed 5 phenotypes. PCR-genotyping genotyping of 14 target genes divided the strains into five genotypes (A1A5), corresponding to certain territories. The antibiotic resistance profiles within the same genotype in V. cholerae О1 El Tor belonging to different territories were both the same and different. CONCLUSION: The genotypic diversity of isolated strains was revealed, the variability of resistance markers even in one region, which indicates both changes in the V. cholerae population and the possibility of circulation of various geno- and phenotypes, which emphasizes the importance of constant monitoring of these pathogens.

scholarly journals VIBRIO CHOLERAE EL TOR ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE GATHERED FROM ENVIRONMENTAL OBJECTS ON THE TERRITORY OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

2019 ◽  
pp. 61-64
Author(s):  
N.A. Selyanskaya ◽  
L.A. Egiazaryan ◽  
A.V. Trishina ◽  
E.A. Bereznyak ◽  
I.R. Simonova
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Nutrient Medium ◽  
Quinolone Resistance ◽  
Antibacterial Drugs ◽  
Environmental Objects ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
El Tor ◽  
Serial Dilutions

The paper presents the analysis of Vibrio cholerae El Tor strains antibiotic resistance gathered from environmental objects on the territory of the Russian Federation during 2007–2016. We determined the sensitivity of 268 strains of V. cholerae El Tor to 12 antibacterial drugs by the method of serial dilutions in a dense nutrient medium. The strains showed resistance to 1–7 antibacterial drugs. The emergence of quinolone resistance in polyresistant strains of V. cholerae E.

scholarly journals Transcriptional profiling of Vibrio cholerae O1 following exposure to human anti- lipopolysaccharide monoclonal antibodies

2020 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle E Baranova ◽  
Graham G Willsey ◽  
Kara J Levinson ◽  
Carol Smith ◽  
Joseph Wade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
Lipid A ◽  
Transcriptional Profiling ◽  
Watery Diarrhea ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Intestinal Epithelia ◽  
Vibrio Cholerae O1 ◽  
El Tor ◽  
Upregulated Genes ◽  
Late Stages

ABSTRACT Following an episode of cholera, a rapidly dehydrating, watery diarrhea caused by the Gram-negative bacterium, Vibrio cholerae O1, humans mount a robust anti-lipopolysaccharide (LPS) antibody response that is associated with immunity to subsequent re-infection. In neonatal mouse and rabbit models of cholera, passively administered anti-LPS polyclonal and monoclonal (MAb) antibodies reduce V. cholerae colonization of the intestinal epithelia by inhibiting bacterial motility and promoting vibrio agglutination. Here we demonstrate that human anti-LPS IgG MAbs also arrest V. cholerae motility and induce bacterial paralysis. A subset of those MAbs also triggered V. cholerae to secrete an extracellular matrix (ECM). To identify changes in gene expression that accompany antibody exposure and that may account for motility arrest and ECM production, we subjected V. cholerae O1 El Tor to RNA-seq analysis after treatment with ZAC-3 IgG, a high affinity MAb directed against the core/lipid A region of LPS. We identified > 160 genes whose expression was altered following ZAC-3 IgG treatment, although canonical outer membrane stress regulons were not among them. ompS (VCA1028), a porin associated with virulence and indirectly regulated by ToxT, and norR (VCA0182), a σ54-dependent transcription factor involved in late stages of infection, were two upregulated genes worth noting.

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