scholarly journals Addiction Recovery: A Systematized Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehrnoosh Inanlou ◽  
Bahman Bahmani ◽  
Ali Farhoudian ◽  
Forough Rafiee
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Health ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Addiction Treatment ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Concept Analysis ◽  
Social Resources ◽  
Clinical Practices ◽  
Addiction Recovery ◽  
Systematized Review ◽  
Analytical Phase

Objective: Despite the fact that a practical definition of addiction recovery is necessary to conduct an appropriate intervention and research, this concept is still vague and there is no consensus over its meaning and how to measure it. Thus, this study aimed to define and clarify this concept based on the available literature. Method: The theoretical part of Schwartz_Barcott and Kim’s Hybrid Model of concept analysis was used to analyze the concept of “Addiction Recovery.” To find the relevant literature, an electronic search on valid databases was conducted using keywords related to the concept of addiction recovery. Medlib, IranMedex, Magiran, SID, Irandoc, Google Scholar, PubMed, Web of Science, Medline, Scopus, Pro Quest, CINAHL, Science Direct, Ovid, and Wiley databases were searched up to December 2018 without a time limitation using the following keywords: “Substance use disorders”, “Drug use”, “Recovery”, “Opioids”, “Addiction treatment”, “Dependency”, “Rehabilitation”, Remission”, “Concept analysis”, “Restore”, “Definition”, “Meaning”, and “Conceptualization”. The Conventional content analysis was used on selected research articles. Results: From a total of 9520 articles, 39 were reviewed and analyzed. Five attributes were selected, including the process of change, being holistic, being client-centric, learning healthy coping, and being multistage. Antecedents are organized into 2 interacting categories: personal and social resources. Personal resources refer to the person, his/her addiction, and the treatment characteristics, while social resources refer to the family, the community, and the context resources. Addiction recovery leads to sustained abstinence, improved physical and psychological health, improved quality of life and satisfaction, meaningful living, and citizenship. Conclusion: These findings may form a basis for the theories, scales, and criteria for the assessment of addiction recovery and will be useful in clinical practices and research. Also, these findings could help health care professionals to understand the concept of addiction recovery, which is important in improving the recovering person in all aspects of rehabilitation. We will report the implementation and analytical phase of this research project, namely, “the addiction recovery concept analysis” in Iran.

scholarly journals Technology-Based Interventions for Cancer Caregivers: Concept Analysis

JMIR Cancer ◽  
10.2196/22140 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. e22140
Author(s):  
Zhaohui Su ◽  
Xiaoshan Li ◽  
Dean McDonnell ◽  
Andrea A Fernandez ◽  
Bertha E Flores ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Health ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Concept Analysis ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Process Technology ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
Conceptual Clarity ◽  
Cancer Caregivers ◽  
Oncology Practice ◽  
Cancer Caregiving

Background Cancer is a taxing chronic disease that demands substantial care, most of which is shouldered by informal caregivers. As a result, cancer caregivers often have to manage considerable challenges that could result in severe physical and psychological health consequences. Technology-based interventions have the potential to address many, if not all, of the obstacles caregivers encounter while caring for patients with cancer. However, although the application of technology-based interventions is on the rise, the term is seldom defined in research or practice. Considering that the lack of conceptual clarity of the term could compromise the effectiveness of technology-based interventions for cancer caregivers, timely research is needed to bridge this gap. Objective This study aims to clarify the meaning of technology-based interventions in the context of cancer caregiving and provide a definition that can be used by cancer caregivers, patients, clinicians, and researchers to facilitate evidence-based research and practice. Methods The 8-step concept analysis method by Walker and Avant was used to analyze the concept of technology-based interventions in the context of cancer caregiving. PubMed, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and Scopus were searched for studies that examined technology-based interventions for cancer caregivers. Results The defining attributes of technology-based interventions were recognized as being accessible, affordable, convenient, and user-friendly. On the basis of insights gained on the defining attributes, antecedents to, and consequences of technology-based interventions through the concept analysis process, technology-based interventions were defined as the use of technology to design, develop, and deliver health promotion contents and strategies aimed at inducing or improving positive physical or psychological health outcomes in cancer caregivers. Conclusions This study clarified the meaning of technology-based interventions in the context of cancer caregiving and provided a clear definition that can be used by caregivers, patients, clinicians, and researchers to facilitate evidence-based oncology practice. A clear conceptualization of technology-based interventions lays foundations for better intervention design and research outcomes, which in turn have the potential to help health care professionals address the needs and preferences of cancer caregivers more cost-effectively.

scholarly journals Technology-Based Interventions for Cancer Caregivers: Concept Analysis (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaohui Su ◽  
Xiaoshan Li ◽  
Dean McDonnell ◽  
Andrea A Fernandez ◽  
Bertha E Flores ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Health ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Concept Analysis ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Process Technology ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
Conceptual Clarity ◽  
Cancer Caregivers ◽  
Oncology Practice ◽  
Cancer Caregiving

BACKGROUND Cancer is a taxing chronic disease that demands substantial care, most of which is shouldered by informal caregivers. As a result, cancer caregivers often have to manage considerable challenges that could result in severe physical and psychological health consequences. Technology-based interventions have the potential to address many, if not all, of the obstacles caregivers encounter while caring for patients with cancer. However, although the application of technology-based interventions is on the rise, the term is seldom defined in research or practice. Considering that the lack of conceptual clarity of the term could compromise the effectiveness of technology-based interventions for cancer caregivers, timely research is needed to bridge this gap. OBJECTIVE This study aims to clarify the meaning of technology-based interventions in the context of cancer caregiving and provide a definition that can be used by cancer caregivers, patients, clinicians, and researchers to facilitate evidence-based research and practice. METHODS The 8-step concept analysis method by Walker and Avant was used to analyze the concept of technology-based interventions in the context of cancer caregiving. PubMed, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and Scopus were searched for studies that examined technology-based interventions for cancer caregivers. RESULTS The defining attributes of technology-based interventions were recognized as being accessible, affordable, convenient, and user-friendly. On the basis of insights gained on the defining attributes, antecedents to, and consequences of technology-based interventions through the concept analysis process, technology-based interventions were defined as the use of technology to design, develop, and deliver health promotion contents and strategies aimed at inducing or improving positive physical or psychological health outcomes in cancer caregivers. CONCLUSIONS This study clarified the meaning of technology-based interventions in the context of cancer caregiving and provided a clear definition that can be used by caregivers, patients, clinicians, and researchers to facilitate evidence-based oncology practice. A clear conceptualization of technology-based interventions lays foundations for better intervention design and research outcomes, which in turn have the potential to help health care professionals address the needs and preferences of cancer caregivers more cost-effectively.

scholarly journals The South African traditional belief scale as an instrument to aid culture-congruent health care

2005 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 29-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johann Beuster ◽  
Gerhard Schwär
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Effective Treatment ◽  
South African ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Full Text ◽  
Culturally Diverse ◽  
Cultural Beliefs ◽  
Traditional Belief ◽  
Belief Scale

Medical and psychological health care professionals are becoming increasingly aware that effective treatment in culturally diverse societies requires sensitivity to the patient’s cultural beliefs and customs (Davidhizar & Giger, 2001:2; Foley & Wurmser, 2004:2; Hickson & Christie, 1989:162; Mkize, 2003:4; Narayanasamy, 2003:1). Opsomming Mediese en sielkundige gesondheidsorgberoepslui word toenemend daarvan bewus dat doeltreffende behandeling in kultureel diverse gemeenskappe sensitiwiteit teenoor die pasiënt se kulturele oortuigings en gebruike vereis (Davidhizar & Giger, 2001:2; Foley & Wurmser, 2004:2; Hickson & Christie, 1989:162; Mkize, 2003:4; Narayanasamy, 2003:1). *Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.

scholarly journals Collaborative, Multidisciplinary Evaluation of Cancer Variants Through Virtual Molecular Tumor Boards Informs Local Clinical Practices

2020 ◽  
pp. 602-613 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shruti Rao ◽  
Beth Pitel ◽  
Alex H. Wagner ◽  
Simina M. Boca ◽  
Matthew McCoy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Genomics ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Tumor Biology ◽  
Collaborative Governance ◽  
Disease Classification ◽  
Clinical Practices ◽  
Data Types ◽  
Disease Etiology ◽  
Tumor Boards

PURPOSE The cancer research community is constantly evolving to better understand tumor biology, disease etiology, risk stratification, and pathways to novel treatments. Yet the clinical cancer genomics field has been hindered by redundant efforts to meaningfully collect and interpret disparate data types from multiple high-throughput modalities and integrate into clinical care processes. Bespoke data models, knowledgebases, and one-off customized resources for data analysis often lack adequate governance and quality control needed for these resources to be clinical grade. Many informatics efforts focused on genomic interpretation resources for neoplasms are underway to support data collection, deposition, curation, harmonization, integration, and analytics to support case review and treatment planning. METHODS In this review, we evaluate and summarize the landscape of available tools, resources, and evidence used in the evaluation of somatic and germline tumor variants within the context of molecular tumor boards. RESULTS Molecular tumor boards (MTBs) are collaborative efforts of multidisciplinary cancer experts equipped with genomic interpretation resources to aid in the delivery of accurate and timely clinical interpretations of complex genomic results for each patient, within an institution or hospital network. Virtual MTBs (VMTBs) provide an online forum for collaborative governance, provenance, and information sharing between experts outside a given hospital network with the potential to enhance MTB discussions. Knowledge sharing in VMTBs and communication with guideline-developing organizations can lead to progress evidenced by data harmonization across resources, crowd-sourced and expert-curated genomic assertions, and a more informed and explainable usage of artificial intelligence. CONCLUSION Advances in cancer genomics interpretation aid in better patient and disease classification, more streamlined identification of relevant literature, and a more thorough review of available treatments and predicted patient outcomes.

scholarly journals The Dimensions of Tokenism in Patient and Family Engagement: A Concept Analysis of the Literature

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 1610-1620
Author(s):  
Umair Majid
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
International Association ◽  
Concept Analysis ◽  
Service Planning ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Power Relationships ◽  
Health Service Planning ◽  
The Public ◽  
Professional Goals

Patient engagement (PE) has become embedded in discussions about health service planning and quality improvement, and the goal has been to find ways to observe the potential beneficial outcomes associated with PE. Patients and health care professionals use various terms to depict PE, for example, partnership and collaboration. Similarly, tokenism is consistently used to describe PE that has gone wrong. There is a lack of clarity, however, on the meanings and implications of tokenism on PE activities. The objective of this concept analysis was to examine the peer-reviewed and gray literature that has discussed tokenism to identify how we currently understand and use the concept. This review discusses 4 dimensions of tokenism: unequal power, limited impact, ulterior motives, and opposite of meaningful PE. These dimensions explicate the different components, meanings, and implications of tokenism in PE practice. The findings of this review emphasize how tokenism is primarily perceived as negative by supporters of PE, but this attribution depends on patients’ preferences for engagement. In addition, this review compares the dimensions of tokenism with the levels of engagement in the International Association of the Public Participation spectrum. This review suggests that there are 2 gradations of tokenism; while tokenism represents unequal power relationships in favor of health care professionals, this may lead to either limited or no meaningful change or change that is primarily aligned with the personal and professional goals of clinicians, managers, and decision-makers.

scholarly journals The Living Barrier: Residential architecture acting as a noise barrier near railway corridors

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Jonathan Lim
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Health ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Acoustic Environment ◽  
Design Elements ◽  
Residential Architecture ◽  
Health And Wellbeing ◽  
Noise Barrier ◽  
Acoustic Environments

<p>As urban regions increase in population and density, the need for quietness and spaces of relative calm becomes important to inhabitants’ physiological and psychological health and wellbeing. Noises, and the sounds that create them, are treated as a by-product of urban densification and the advancement of technology. This led to uncontrolled and incidental acoustic environments around notable points of urban densification. Each sound adds together in the acoustic environment to create a composition that is labelled collectively as noise. Those in the professions of planning and designing these urban environments have a responsibility to become the composers of the grand aural experience that is the worldly soundscape.  In response to this design problem, this portfolio explored how architecture can be designed to enable this sustainable densification of noisy urban environments. It proposed the incorporation of psychoacoustics and R. Murray Schafer’s soundscape philosophy (and ongoing related research) into acoustic design. By understanding the complex creation of the aural experience, this portfolio investigated whether the key to living healthily and sustainably in an inevitably sound-filled urban environment laid in the design of soundscape as a perceptual construct.  The investigation translated relevant literature into broad explorations of soundscape design elements at a variety of architectural scales. Using soundscape principles in a design process produced a strong architectural proposition that could solve both densification and acoustic problems. This had widespread and profound implications on architectural design practices. The portfolio therefore prompts further explorations into soundscape design for other architectural problems and applications.</p>

scholarly journals Personality Traits and Psychological Symptoms of Music and Art Students

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Sadık Yöndem ◽  
Zeynep Deniz Yöndem ◽  
Meral Per
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Brief Symptom Inventory ◽  
Music Students ◽  
Buffer Effect ◽  
Art Students

The qualities of artists and musicians have attracted the attention of personality psychologists and researchers studying creativity. Artistic activities are considered by some to be therapeutic, and may offer a buffer effect on psychological health. On the other hand, research has occasionally revealed a positive relationship between creativity and psychological disorders when it comes to artistic activities. This study aims to investigate the personality traits and psychological symptoms of art and music students, and to make comparisons between different fields of art. The present research was planned as a descriptive and comparative study. The participants consisted of 245 university students (79 male, and 166 female), including 120 music and 125 art students. The Big Five Inventory, the Brief Symptom Inventory, and a Personal Information Form were administered to all participants. The Mann-Whitney U test, a descriptive analysis method, was used to test if students from the two fields of art differed according to their personality traits and psychological symptoms. The results showed that the students from both fields of art had a similar range of scores for the five domains of personality traits: extroversion, openness to new experiences, agreeableness, conscientiousness, and neuroticism. The study revealed that neuroticism in the music students and conscientiousness in art students were found to be significantly higher. As for psychological symptoms, the music students' scores on total symptom disorder, anxiety, and negative self-concept factors were found to be significantly higher than that of art students. The results of the study were discussed by drawing upon relevant literature.

Inequality boosts US white death rates

2015 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Addiction Treatment ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
National Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Mental Strain ◽  
Death Rates ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Criminal Justice Reform

Subject Rising death rates for white US nationals. Significance A recent study published by Anne Case and Angus Deaton in the 'Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences' (PNAS) has noted a dramatic increase since 1998 in death rates and a decline in many measures of mental and physical health among middle-aged, non-Hispanic white US nationals, particularly men. The uptick in midlife death rates and decline in health passes significant costs onto the health sector, prison system and public finances, as well as the general productivity and social wellbeing of US nationals. Impacts Local and state budgets will feel demographic pressures more acutely than the federal government. Unaffordable housing will place further fiscal and mental strain on low-income US nationals. Shortages of health care professionals in rural areas will constrain addiction treatment efforts. The opioid abuse epidemic will spur criminal justice reform when Congress reconvenes in 2016.

scholarly journals Psychological Wellbeing in Adolescents with Leukaemia: A Comparative Study with Typical Development Peers

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Tremolada ◽  
Livia Taverna ◽  
Ilaria Tamara Chiavetta ◽  
Sabrina Bonichini ◽  
Maria Caterina Putti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Psychological Wellbeing ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
First Year ◽  
Supportive Psychotherapy

There is still little research on psychological wellbeing, life satisfaction and reported problems in preadolescents and adolescents under therapy for leukaemia, and also little research comparing them with their healthy peers. The present study aimed to analyse the life satisfaction, hope, psychological wellbeing and reported problems’ intensity in 60 patients aged 8–18 during the first year of therapy, to identify those more at risk and to compare their reports with matched healthy peers. A battery of self-reported questionnaires was administered during hospitalisation or day hospital admissions post 6 months and post 12 months from the diagnosis. Younger patients (aged 8–13 years) were more at risk than older ones in their problems’ intensity and psychological symptoms; females and Acute Myeloid Leukaemia patients reported lower current life satisfaction perceptions; hope was associated with lower depression symptoms and mood problems. Healthy peers have a better perception of current life, but reported a lower hope score, more anxiety symptoms and more cognitive problems than patients. The first 6 months were more critical for patients’ psychological health. Basing on these empirical data, the inclusion of mental health care professionals or supportive psychotherapy into the treatment is recognized as extremely useful.

Giving Voice to Silence: Empowerment and Disempowerment in the Developmental Shift from Trauma ‘Victim’ to ‘Survivor-Advocate’

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brianna C Delker ◽  
Rowan Salton ◽  
Kate C. McLean
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Health ◽  
Personal Growth ◽  
Interpersonal Violence ◽  
Meaning Making ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Historical Trauma ◽  
The United States ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Master Narrative ◽  
Trauma Victim

In the past several years, a public conversation in the United States about interpersonal violence has flourished, sustained by the work of advocates who are themselves survivors. This surge in public sharing of trauma stories is a rhetorical form of resistance to ideologies in mainstream American culture that impose silence on survivors (e.g., the “just world” belief). However, the developmental progression from trauma ‘victim’ to empowered public ‘survivor/advocate’ accommodates to dominant American cultural preferences that stories of adversity have a redemptive story line. In a redemptive story, negative experiences are followed by something positive (e.g., personal growth, lessons learned, strength gained). In this paper, we draw from theory and the sparse relevant literature across multiple disciplines to conceptualize when and for whom the redemptive storying of trauma (or, redemptive master narrative) is available, advantageous, and systemically encouraged. Among the proposed advantages of redemptive storying are its psychological health benefits; potential to empower self and others; promotion of meaning-making, mission, and communal solidarity; and the larger social/political changes that can emerge from giving voice to silenced experiences. Proposed challenges to redemptive storying include layers of societal oppression and marginalization that shape the redemption stories of many survivor-advocates; ongoing connection to or dependence on relationships and communities that enable abuse; and the reality of historical trauma and other forms of intergenerational trauma, which complicate the linear, individualistic story of redemption. With this theory-driven framework, we wish to promote compassion for survivors, along with interdisciplinary, inclusive, and intersectional research in this understudied area.

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