scholarly journals The second strategic plan of medical ethics: a national report

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alireza Parsapour ◽  
Ehsan Shamsi Gooshki ◽  
Hossein Malekafzali ◽  
Farzaneh Zahedi ◽  
Bagher Larijani
Keyword(s):  
Medical Ethics ◽  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Strategic Plan ◽  
Comprehensive Plan ◽  
System A ◽  
National Strategic Plan ◽  
National Report ◽  
Supreme Council ◽  
Research And Education

Medical ethics faces several challenges in different aspects of education, research, and treatment in medicine and healthcare practice. Design and implementation of a national strategic plan can pave the way for the development of a roadmap in various countries to strengthen ethics and address these challenges.  To create a comprehensive plan compatible with the Iranian healthcare system, a multidisciplinary team of main stakeholders compiled a national strategic plan of medical ethics following several focus group discussion sessions and two workshops (2014-2017). Ultimately, the plan was confirmed by the Supreme Council for the Medical Ethics of the Ministry of Health and Medical Education. The current paper is a national report of the process and the medical ethics strategic plan in Iran. We have also tracked signs of progress and achievements in the country. In conclusion, this valuable effort has led to significant success in the implementation of medical ethics in clinical medicine, medical research, and education by using all the resources in our country. The participation of all the stakeholders, especially healthcare professionals in this way is required.  

Belief System: A Barrier to the Use of Modern Contraceptives among the Idoma of Benue State, North Central Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 600-616
Author(s):  
Chiemezie Scholastica Atama ◽  
Uzoma Odera Okoye ◽  
Amelia Ngozi Odo ◽  
Aloysius Odii ◽  
Uche Teresa Okonkwo
Keyword(s):  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Belief System ◽  
Modern Contraceptive ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
North Central ◽  
System A ◽  
Modern Contraceptives ◽  
Depth Interview ◽  
Modern Contraceptive Use

Despite the benefit of modern contraception, its use remains low in Nigeria. This study examined belief system as a barrier to the use of modern contraceptives among the Idoma of Benue State, North Central Nigeria. Questionnaire ( n = 1107), in-depth interview ( n = 6) and focus group discussion ( n = 52) were used to collect data from three local government areas (LGAs). The results showed high levels of knowledge (88.0%), however, only 37.8% used modern contraceptives. The male condom had the highest percentage use (56.7%). Chi-square results showed that LGA, education and occupation were significantly related to the use of modern contraceptives. Being of greater age increased the likelihood of use, whereas higher levels of education and income decreased the likelihood of modern contraceptive use ( p < 0.05). Qualitative data indicated that married women were expected to eschew modern contraceptives due to their belief in Alekwu, the community deity. Designing interventions that are culturally specific could promote use of modern contraceptives among the group.

scholarly journals Making the Case and Laying the Groundwork for Integrating Age-Friendly Practices Into a University Strategic Plan

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 552-552
Author(s):  
Melissa Cannon
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Strategic Plan ◽  
College Campus ◽  
Institutions Of Higher Education ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Faculty Senate ◽  
Accessibility Issues ◽  
Intensive Group ◽  
The University

Abstract A crucial first step in preparing to become an Age-Friendly University (AFU) is seeking endorsement from the campus community and leadership. This presentation describes the mapping of the AFU principles to the strategic plan and initiatives of Western Oregon University, leading to endorsement by its faculty senate, and highlights a study of the older community members’ use of the university, laying the groundwork for advancing age-friendliness on campus. Data were collected through surveys (N=46), interviews (N=9), and photovoice method (N=7) with older adults, and data were analyzed using SPSS, team coding, and intensive group discussion to develop categories and themes. Themes emerged related to how the college campus is used by older adults, the need to promote lifelong learning to the community, and the need to address accessibility issues in order to be more age-friendly, providing helpful insight to other institutions of higher education seeking to join the AFU network.

scholarly journals Prioritising CAP Intervention Needs: An Improved Cumulative Voting Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 3997
Author(s):  
Roberto Cagliero ◽  
Francesco Bellini ◽  
Francesco Marcatto ◽  
Silvia Novelli ◽  
Alessandro Monteleone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Strategic Plan ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Agricultural Activities ◽  
Agriculture Policy ◽  
Implementation Model ◽  
National Strategic Plan ◽  
Cumulative Voting ◽  
Regional Authorities

The process to define the 2023–2027 Common Agriculture Policy (CAP) is underway. The implementation model governing the process requires each EU Member State to design a National Strategic Plan to deliver operational actions exploiting the synergies under the two pillars of the policy. Each Plan must be built from an evidence-based needs assessment that undergoes rigorous prioritisation and planning to create comprehensive, integrated, and achievable interventions. In Italy, the success of this planning process requires all interested stakeholders to generate options for the regional authorities who plan, manage, and legislate agricultural activities. This research proposes a decision-making technique, based on the cumulative voting approach, that can be used effectively when multiple persons from different backgrounds and perspectives are engaged in problem-solving and needs prioritisation. The results indicate that the model can be applied both theoretically and practically to prioritise Strategic Plan needs that involve national and regional authorities. Validation of the model allows it to be used in the next consultative processes and for expansion to socioeconomic stakeholders.

scholarly journals ALTERNATIF STRATEGI PENINGKATAN DAYA SAING SMA KRISTEN 2 SALATIGA

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Innes Septa Nindiarini ◽  
Bambang Suteng Sulasmono
Keyword(s):  
School Board ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Strategic Plan ◽  
Student Discipline ◽  
Vocational High School ◽  
Five Factors ◽  
School Programs ◽  
Outdoor Experience ◽  
Role Of Parents

<p>This research and development aims to formulate strategic plan to enhancing competitiveness in SMA Kristen 2 Salatiga. Data were gathered by means of Focus Group Discussion (FGD), interview, questionnaire, and documentation study. Fishbone analysis is used to identify the root causes of low school competitiveness. The analysis was categorized based on five factors i.e. reputation, school resources, information and technology, human resource, and partnership. Based on the analysis, the strategies are formulated with educational reengineering approach as follows: 1) reconstructing school image by improving academic and non academic achievement, 2) developing innovative curriculum based on outdoor experience and IT, 3) increasing student discipline, 4)optimizing IT usage on promotion and marketing, 5) improving the quality of school programs, 6) developing entrepreneurship programs, 7) improving the quantity and quality school infrastructures, 8) improving teachers’ skill and competence of IT, 9) enhancing the role of school board, 10) maximizing the role of parents, alumnae, and other institution to develop the school programs, and 11) establishing a vocational high school. It is recommended for the school to have cooperation with the stakeholder and the school board to implement the strategic plan so that the competitiveness will enhance in the future.</p>

Simulation of Automated Robotic Assembly

1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alec R. Miller ◽  
Raymond J. Cipra
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing System ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Robotic Assembly ◽  
Automated Assembly ◽  
System A ◽  
Assembly Cell ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Graphical Visualization ◽  
Manufacturing Software ◽  
Research And Education

Abstract This paper examines the development of a networked simulation system. The Automated Robotic Manipulation (ARM) simulator is a central part of the network. This simulation tool currently assists with research and education into automated assembly. Robots, fixtures, conveyors, and parts create an automated assembly cell which is used to test advanced manufacturing software. ARM animates models of these physical components and enhances them with additional forms of three-dimensional graphical visualization. The feasibility of automated assembly can rapidly be assessed from the visual content presented by the simulator. Input formats for ARM are flexible enough to support a wide range of assembly cells and activities. Files and network transmissions customize the simulator to a particular assembly cell and its activities. The emerging assembly data protocol promotes the development of a truly integrated manufacturing system. A graphical interface complete with multiple views assists assembly cell layout and activity review, and networked operations significantly expand its role to areas such as interactive robot control and assembly preview.

Ethics of Incongruity: moral tension generators in clinical medicine

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 244-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas Kontos
Keyword(s):  
Medical Ethics ◽  
Moral Philosophy ◽  
Ethical Dilemma ◽  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
Ethical Dilemmas ◽  
Ethical Principles ◽  
Right Action ◽  
Patients Experience

Affectively uncomfortable concern, anxiety, indecisionand disputation over ‘right’ action are among the expressions of moral tension associated with ethical dilemmas. Moral tension is generated and experienced by people. While ethical principles, rules and situations must be worked through in any dilemma, each occurs against a backdrop of people who enact them and stand much to gain or lose depending on how they are applied and resolved. This paper attempts to develop a taxonomy of moral tension based on its intrapersonal and interpersonal sources and expressions. The proposed ‘ethics of incongruity’ (EoI) outlines ways in which values, actions and needs can find themselves mismatched in morally relevant ways between patients and their clinicians, their own psychologies and their societies. Patient–clinician incongruities may manifest as discord, value misalignment and deception. Patient–patient (ie, intrapersonal) incongruities may manifest as incapacity, akrasia and self-deception. Patient–society incongruities may manifest as disenfranchisement, disaffiliation and disregard. Brief explanations of the incongruities in this scheme are provided, as are suggestions on working within them. Using concepts from moral philosophy when applicable, these suggestions may either ease direct resolution of problems arising from the incongruities, or make sense of the moral tension that arises from the human context of the ethical dilemma at hand. This presentation of content and resolution methods for the EOI is no doubt incomplete. Hopefully, refinement of this preliminary proposal will follow, particularly from clinicians, as the ones who, along with their patients, experience medical ethics in directly tension-inducing ways.

scholarly journals Achieving the National Strategic Plan: A practical calculator for local target setting in district health facilities

2010 ◽  
Vol 100 (7) ◽  
pp. 420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas G Leydon ◽  
Francois Venter ◽  
Patricia D Webster ◽  
Winnie Moleko ◽  
Regina Osih ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Strategic Plan ◽  
Health Facilities ◽  
District Health ◽  
Target Setting ◽  
National Strategic Plan

Pilot Study on non-tuberculous mycobacteria infections in Italy

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
L Fattorini ◽  
A Iacobino ◽  
F Giannoni ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Strategic Plan ◽  
Foreign Born ◽  
Old Patients ◽  
National Strategic Plan ◽  
Reported Data ◽  
Resistance Rates

Abstract Background The rise in non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) diseases has been reported worldwide, but no major information is known for Italy. The purpose of this pilot study is to release nationwide data on distribution of NTM in our country. Methods In 2016, the Istituto Superiore di Sanità (National Institute of Health) began to collect microbiological, clinical and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) data on NTM infections, in collaboration with hospital laboratories located in 15 out of 20 regions (Studio Multicentrico Italiano NTM, SMI-NTM), which routinely isolate and characterize NTM by commercial identification (Genotype) and MIC (Sensititre) assays. Results In 2016-2018, 32 labs reported data on 4169 NTM strains, including 644 rapid growers (15%) and 3525 slow growers (85%). The most frequent species were Mycobacterium avium (MA) (29.2%), M. intracellulare (MI) (21.5%), M. xenopi (MX) (10.6%), M. gordonae (10.6%), M. abscessus (5.9%), M. chimaera (MC) (5.1%). Overall, 88% NTM strains were isolated from pulmonary sites, 84% from Italians, 51% from men. NTM infections in Italians occurred in 75-84 years old patients, while in foreign-born people were observed in 15-44 years old patients. Strains from cystic fibrosis were 11.9%. The MICs of clarithromycin (CLA) for MA or MI peaked at 2 µg/ml, while for amikacin (AK) peaked at 16 µg/ml. When MICs were interpreted according to the 2018 Clinical and Laboratory Institute Standards (CLSI) breakpoints, MA or MI resistances for CLA were 2.6% and 2.6% respectively, while for AK they were 7.2% and 4.5%, respectively. Higher resistance rates for MA and MI were observed for moxifloxacin and linezolid. MICs of MC, MX, M. kansasii, M. marinum and rapid grower NTM were also determined and interpreted on the basis of CLSI breakpoints. Conclusions This 3-years pilot study is the basis for a future multiannual national strategic plan for surveillance of NTM infections in Italy (collection of 2019 data is in progress). Key messages This 3-years pilot study is the basis for a future multiannual national strategic plan for surveillance of NTM infections in Italy. The purpose of this pilot study is to release nationwide data on distribution of NTM in our country.

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