scholarly journals Design and Justification of a Combined Tillage Machine

2019 ◽  
pp. 62-67
Author(s):  
Andrey Ivanov
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Specific Energy ◽  
Minimum Energy ◽  
Specific Energy Consumption ◽  
Kinematic Parameter ◽  
Circumferential Velocity ◽  
Mutual Arrangement ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Axis Of Rotation ◽  
Working Element

The tillage of soil with minimum energy consumption can be achieved by breaking the bonds between soil aggregates with tensile deformations. The design of a combined tillage machine is proposed and its technological parameters are justified. The proposed machine includes a frame with a flat working element with a leg, top and bottom rotary agitators with a drive mechanism placed behind a flat working element above each other. The design feature is that the circumferential velocity of a soil-destroying element of the lower rotary agitator is higher than the translational velocity of a machine, and the circumferential velocity of the upper rotary agitator is higher than the circumferential velocity of the lower rotary agitator. Besides, the proposed shape of a rotary agitator made along the Archimedes’ spiral does not allow soil to be collapsed by the back of a cutting edge. This reduces specific energy consumption at high quality of soil loosening. The purpose of the machine is to reduce specific energy consumption of soil treatment. This is achieved by the fact that the axis of rotation of the upper rotary agitator is shifted backwards in the direction of machine movement relative to the axis of rotation of the lower rotary agitator by h = R · sin · (arccos (– 1/λ)), where R – radius of the upper rotary agitator, λ – kinematic parameter characterizing the operation mode of the upper rotary agitator. Thus, the destruction of a pre-stressed soil formation due to tensile stresses caused by the mutual arrangement of working elements and the interconnection of machine operation modes contributes to the reduction of energy consumption.

Study on Hybrid Drying with Infrared Radiation of Watermelon Seeds (Citrullus Lanatus)

2020 ◽  
Vol 399 ◽  
pp. 173-182
Author(s):  
Raí M. de Oliveira ◽  
Keyse S. Andrade ◽  
Manoel Marcelo Prado ◽  
L.G. Marques
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Specific Energy ◽  
Minimum Energy ◽  
Specific Energy Consumption ◽  
Moisture Diffusivity ◽  
Effective Moisture Diffusivity ◽  
Air Velocity ◽  
Linear Effect ◽  
Source Temperature ◽  
Effective Moisture

Drying characteristics of watermelon seeds using infrared (IR) heating combined to non-heated air flow were determined varying the IR source temperature and air velocity. The effects of the process variables on the effective moisture diffusivity (Deff) and specific energy consumption (SEC) were also evaluated. Experiments in the hybrid dryer were conducted with seeds arranged in a single layer and exposed to three IR temperatures levels (45, 65 and 85 W/m2) and three air velocities levels (0.4, 0.8 and 1.2 m/s) at 25°C. The effective moisture diffusivity was estimated using Fick’s diffusion model assuming negligible shrinkage and surface moisture in equilibrium with the surrounding air. Deff-values ranged from 0.62 x 10-10 to 1.83 x 10-10 m2/s, while SEC-valued varied from 29.91 to 73.16 kWh/g. Statistical analysis carried out on the experimental data indicated that the effective moisture diffusivity and specific energy consumption were significantly influenced only by the IR source temperature, which had a positive linear effect on Deff and a negative linear effect on SEC. Maximum effective diffusivity and minimum energy consumption values in hybrid drying of watermelon seeds were obtained with the use of the highest IR temperature and lowest air velocity.

Determination of grinding parameters of fenugreek seed

1970 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Balasubramanian ◽  
Rajkumar Rajkumar ◽  
K K Singh
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Specific Energy ◽  
Feed Rate ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Specific Energy Consumption ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Fenugreek Seeds ◽  
Fenugreek Seed

Experiment to identify ambient grinding conditions and energy consumed was conducted for fenugreek. Fenugreek seeds at three moisture content (5.1%, 11.5% and 17.3%, d.b.) were ground using a micro pulverizer hammer mill with different grinding screen openings (0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 mm) and feed rate (8, 16 and 24 kg h-1) at 3000 rpm. Physical properties of fenugreek seeds were also determined. Specific energy consumptions were found to decrease from 204.67 to 23.09 kJ kg-1 for increasing levels of feed rate and grinder screen openings. On the other hand specific energy consumption increased with increasing moisture content. The highest specific energy consumption was recorded for 17.3% moisture content and 8 kg h-1 feed rate with 0.5 mm screen opening. Average particle size decreased from 1.06 to 0.39 mm with increase of moisture content and grinder screen opening. It has been observed that the average particle size was minimum at 0.5 mm screen opening and 8 kg h-1 feed rate at lower moisture content. Bond’s work index and Kick’s constant were found to increase from 8.97 to 950.92 kWh kg-1 and 0.932 to 78.851 kWh kg-1 with the increase of moisture content, feed rate and grinder screen opening, respectively. Size reduction ratio and grinding effectiveness of fenugreek seed were found to decrease from 4.11 to 1.61 and 0.0118 to 0.0018 with the increase of moisture content, feed rate and grinder screen opening, respectively. The loose and compact bulk densities varied from 219.2 to 719.4 kg m-3 and 137.3 to 736.2 kg m-3, respectively.  

scholarly journals Bibliometric Analysis of Specific Energy Consumption (SEC) in Machining Operations: A Sustainable Response

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 5617
Author(s):  
Raman Kumar ◽  
Sehijpal Singh ◽  
Ardamanbir Singh Sidhu ◽  
Catalin I. Pruncu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Bibliometric Analysis ◽  
Specific Energy ◽  
Specific Energy Consumption ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Data Content ◽  
Author Keywords ◽  
Link Strength ◽  
Inclusive Analysis ◽  
Machining Operations

This paper’s persistence is to make an inclusive analysis of 268 documents about specific energy consumption (SEC) in machining operations from 2001 to 2020 in the Scopus database. A systematic approach collects information on SEC documents’ primary data; their types, publications, citations, and predictions are presented. The VOSviewer 1.1.16 and Biblioshiny 2.0 software are used for visualization analysis to show the progress standing of SEC publications. The selection criteria of documents are set for citation analysis. The ranks are assigned to the most prolific and dominant authors, sources, articles, countries, and organizations based on the total citations, number of documents, average total citation, and total link strength. The author-keywords, index-keywords, and text data content analysis has been conducted to find the hotspots and progress trend in SEC in machining operations. The most prolific and dominant article, source, author, organization, and country are Anderson et al. “Laser-assisted machining of Inconel 718 with an economic analysis”, the Int J Mach Tools Manuf, Shin Y.C., form Purdue University Singapore, and United States, respectively, based on total citations as per defined criteria. The author keywords “specific cutting energy” and “surface roughness” dominate the machining operations SEC. SEC’s implication in machining operations review and bibliometric analysis is to deliver an inclusive perception for the scholars working in this field. It is the primary paper that utilizes bibliometric research to analyze the SEC in machining operations publications expansively. It is valuable for scholars to grasp the hotspots in this field in time and help the researchers in the SEC exploration arena rapidly comprehend the expansion status and trend.

scholarly journals Batch Reverse Osmosis Desalination Modeling under a Time-Dependent Pressure Profile

Membranes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 173
Author(s):  
Abdeljalil Chougradi ◽  
François Zaviska ◽  
Ahmed Abed ◽  
Jérôme Harmand ◽  
Jamal-Eddine Jellal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Specific Energy ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Specific Energy Consumption ◽  
Pressure Profile ◽  
Recovery Ratio ◽  
Feed Concentration ◽  
Energetic Performance ◽  
Feed Volume

As world demand for clean water increases, reverse osmosis (RO) desalination has emerged as an attractive solution. Continuous RO is the most used desalination technology today. However, a new generation of configurations, working in unsteady-state feed concentration and pressure, have gained more attention recently, including the batch RO process. Our work presents a mathematical modeling for batch RO that offers the possibility of monitoring all variables of the process, including specific energy consumption, as a function of time and the recovery ratio. Validation is achieved by comparison with data from the experimental set-up and an existing model in the literature. Energetic comparison with continuous RO processes confirms that batch RO can be more energy efficient than can continuous RO, especially at a higher recovery ratio. It used, at recovery, 31% less energy for seawater and 19% less energy for brackish water. Modeling also proves that the batch RO process does not have to function under constant flux to deliver good energetic performance. In fact, under a linear pressure profile, batch RO can still deliver better energetic performance than can a continuous configuration. The parameters analysis shows that salinity, pump and energy recovery devices efficiencies are directly linked to the energy demand. While increasing feed volume has a limited effect after a certain volume due to dilution, it also shows, interestingly, a recovery ratio interval in which feed volume does not affect specific energy consumption.

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