PERCEPTIONS OF STAKEHOLDERS REGARDING ECONOMIC (FINANCIAL) ADJUSTMENT OF STUDENTS IN SOCIETY

Purpose of the Study: The key purpose of the study was to know the perceptions of stakeholders (Principals, Teachers, Students, and Parents) regarding economic (financial) adjustment of Public, Private Schools, and Deeni Madaris students in society. Methodology: The study was a survey (cross-sectional) in nature. The population of the study consisted of (N = 405957) respondents including Principals, teachers, students, and parents in which (n =1500) respondents were taken as samples of the study by applying L.R. Gay, (2003) Sample Size rule of thumb through multistage sampling techniques. In the study, Public, Private schools and Deeni Madaris students were compared regarding their economic (financial) adjustment in society. Data were taken through a self-developed questionnaire of the 6-Points Likert scale. The Study delimited to six Southern districts of KP. Results, Discussion, and Conclusions were drawn in the study. Main Findings: The key findings of the study revealed in results were that the perceptions of stakeholders (Principals, teachers, students, and parents) were found more inclined towards Deeni Madaris students regarding their economic (financial) adjustment of students in society as compared to Public and Private school students. Applications of this study: The study may be quite useful and significant for school heads, teachers, parents, students, government, education department, policymakers, and public as well if the students of Public, Private schools and Deeni Madaris were encouraged towards economic (financial) activities in developing country like Pakistan for their better earning purposes e.g. students practicing their economic (financial) practices in advanced countries like China, USA, United Kingdom and so on. Novelty/Originality of this study: This study may be a new approach in Pakistan to encourage students towards economic (financial) responsibilities to earn and make money in order to facilitate their families (parents), and even the government of the time to reduce poverty in Pakistan in this regard like students earning and strengthening their financial positions (income/economy) in China, France, US, UK, etc.

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“Students in public and private schools—which are at higher risk of drug use?”: A survey from Iran

10.21203/rs.3.rs-57494/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Ali Bahramnejad ◽

Abedin Iranpour ◽

Nouzar Nakhaee

Keyword(s):

Substance Use ◽

Public Schools ◽

Drug Use ◽

Private Schools ◽

Private School ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cluster Sampling ◽

School Students ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Public And Private

Abstract Background Recent evidence from Western countries suggests that private school students are more prone to drug use. Such an evidence is lacking in Muslim countries. The aim of this study was to examine whether the risk of drug use is higher in private schools than public schools.Methods This cross sectional study was conducted on 650 tenth grade students of Kerman city, the center of largest province of Iran using cluster sampling. Well-validated questionnaires regarding current, lifetime substance use, and perceived use by classmates were utilized. Substances included in the questionnaire were waterpipe, cigarette, alcohol, marijuana, opium, methamphetamine, and Naas. Drug Use Tendency Scale was used to measure the attitudes of students towards drug use.Results The response rate was 93.7%. More than 82% of sample were public school students (n = 504). Current use of cigarette and marijuana was higher in private schools (12.2% and 3.0%, respectively) than public schools (4.4% and 0.5%, respectively) (P < 0.05). Perceived prevalence of cigarette smoking by classmates was higher among private school students.Conclusion Despite the popular belief that private schools are better than public schools regarding the risk of substance use, students who attend private schools may be at a higher risk of turning to some drugs comparing to public schools in Iran.

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“Students in public and private schools—which are at higher risk of drug use?”: A survey from Iran

10.21203/rs.3.rs-57494/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Ali Bahramnejad ◽

Abedin Iranpour ◽

Nouzar Nakhaee

Keyword(s):

Substance Use ◽

Public Schools ◽

Drug Use ◽

Private Schools ◽

Private School ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cluster Sampling ◽

School Students ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Public And Private

Abstract Background : Recent evidence from Western countries suggests that private school students are more prone to drug use. Such an evidence is lacking in Muslim countries. The aim of this study was to examine whether the risk of drug use is higher in private schools than public schools. Methods : This cross sectional study was conducted on 650 tenth grade students of Kerman city, the center of largest province of Iran using cluster sampling. Well-validated questionnaires regarding current, lifetime substance use, and perceived use by classmates were utilized. Substances included in the questionnaire were waterpipe, cigarette, alcohol, marijuana, opium, methamphetamine, and Naas. Drug Use Tendency Scale was used to measure the attitudes of students towards drug use. Results : The response rate was 93.7%. More than 82% of sample were public school students (n=504). Current use of cigarette and marijuana was higher in private schools (12.2% and 3.0%, respectively) than public schools (4.4% and 0.5%, respectively) (P<0.05). Perceived prevalence of cigarette smoking by classmates was higher among private school students. Conclusion : Despite the popular belief that private schools are better than public schools regarding the risk of substance use, students who attend private schools may be at a higher risk of turning to some drugs comparing to public schools in Iran.

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“Students in public and private schools—which are at higher risk of drug use?”: a survey from Iran

Substance Abuse Treatment Prevention and Policy ◽

10.1186/s13011-020-00330-1 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ali Bahramnejad ◽

Abedin Iranpour ◽

Nouzar Nakhaee

Keyword(s):

Substance Use ◽

Public Schools ◽

Drug Use ◽

Private Schools ◽

Private School ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cluster Sampling ◽

School Students ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Public And Private

Abstract Background Recent evidence from Western countries suggests that private school students are more prone to drug use. Such an evidence is lacking in Muslim countries. The aim of this study was to examine whether the risk of drug use is higher in private schools than public schools. Methods This cross sectional study was conducted on 650 tenth grade students of Kerman city, the center of largest province of Iran using cluster sampling. Well-validated questionnaires regarding current, lifetime substance use, and perceived use by classmates were utilized. Substances included in the questionnaire were waterpipe, cigarette, alcohol, marijuana, opium, methamphetamine, and Naas. Drug Use Tendency Scale was used to measure the attitudes of students towards drug use. Results The response rate was 93.7%. More than 82% of sample were public school students (n = 504). Current use of cigarette and marijuana was higher in private schools (12.2 and 3.0%, respectively) than public schools (4.4 and 0.5%, respectively) (P < 0.05). Perceived prevalence of cigarette smoking by classmates was higher among private school students. Conclusion Despite the popular belief that private schools are better than public schools regarding the risk of substance use, students who attend private schools may be at a higher risk of turning to some drugs comparing to public schools in Iran.

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Prevalence of rhinitis among 6 and 7-year old students in Fortaleza

Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira ◽

10.1590/1806-9282.60.04.0015 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 60 (4) ◽

pp. 357-364 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Maria de Fátima G. de Luna ◽

Gilberto B. Fisher ◽

João Rafael G. de Luna ◽

Marcelo G. C. da Silva ◽

Paulo César de Almeida ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Private Schools ◽

Private School ◽

International Study ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Allergic Rhinoconjunctivitis ◽

Daily Activities ◽

Sectional Study ◽

School Students ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Public And Private

Objective: to evaluate the prevalence of rhinitis symptoms among 6 and 7-year old schoolchildren in Fortaleza, Brazil. Methods: a cross-sectional study using the rhinitis module of the ISAAC (International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood) questionnaire. The sample included 2,020 students from public and private schools, in 2010. Results: the prevalence of cumulative rhinitis, active rhinitis, allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and physician-diagnosed rhinitis was 49.9%, 42%, 15.4% and 28.1%, respectively, being significantly more prevalent among private school students (OR = 0.55, 95CI: 0.46 - 0.66, p < 0.001; OR = 0.50, 95CI: 0.41 - 0.60, p < 0.001; OR = 0.67, 95CI: 0.52 - 0.85, p < 0.001; OR = 0.15, 95CI: 0.12 - 0.19, p < 0.001, respectively), without differences between genders. Interference with daily activities was reported by 25.3%, while 5.7% reported to be moderately or severely affected, without a difference between genders. Conclusion: the prevalence of rhinitis symptoms and associated morbidity among 6-7-year old schoolchildren in Fortaleza was above the Brazilian average, with predominance among private school students, without difference between genders. It was observed that rhinitis was underdiagnosed in this population.

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CONSUMO DE ALIMENTOS PROCESSADOS E ULTRAPROCESSADOS POR ESCOLARES DE ARROIO DO TIGRE, RS

Revista Interdisciplinar de Estudos em Saúde ◽

10.33362/ries.v7i1.1300 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 157-164

Author(s):

Rubiane Inara Wagner ◽

Patrícia Molz ◽

Camila Schreiner Pereira

Keyword(s):

Public School ◽

Nutritional Status ◽

Private School ◽

Food Habits ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

School Students ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Public And Private ◽

The Public ◽

Cereal Bars

O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar a frequência do consumo de alimentos processados e ultraprocessados e verificar a associação entre estado nutricional por adolescentes do ensino público e privado do município de Arroio do Tigre, RS. Trata-se de um estudo transversal realizado com adolescentes, com idade entre 10 e 15 anos, de uma escola pública e uma privada de Arroio do Tigre, RS. O estado nutricional foi avaliado pelo índice de massa corporal. Aplicou-se um questionário de frequência alimentar contendo alimentos processados e ultraprocessados. A amostra foi composta por 64 adolescentes com idade média de 12,03±1,15 anos, sendo 53,1% da escola pública. A maioria dos adolescentes encontravam-se eutróficos (p=0,343), e quando comparado com o consumo de alimentos processados e ultraprocessados, a maioria dos escolares eutróficos relataram maior frequência no consumo de balas e chicletes (50,0%) e barra de cereais (51,0%), de 1 a 3 vezes por semana (p=0,004; p=0,029, respectivamente). Houve também uma maior frequência de consumo de alimentos processados e ultraprocessados como pizza (73,5%; p0,001), refrigerante (58,8%; p=0,036) e biscoito recheado (58,8%; p=0,008) entre 1 a 3 vezes por semana na escola pública em comparação a escola privada. O consumo de suco de pacote (p=0,013) foi relatado não ser consumido pela maioria dos alunos da escola particular em comparação a escola pública. Os dados encontrados evidenciam um consumo expressivo de alimentos processados e ultraprocessados pelos adolescentes de ambas as escolas, destacando alimentos com alto teor de açúcar e sódio.Palavras-chave: Hábitos alimentares. Adolescentes. Alimentos industrializados. ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to compare the frequency of consumption of processed and ultraprocessed foods and to verify the association between nutritional status by adolescents from public and private schools in the municipality of Arroio do Tigre, RS. This was a cross-sectional study conducted with adolescents, aged 10 to 15 years, from a public school and a private school in Arroio do Tigre, RS. Nutritional status was assessed by body mass index. A food frequency questionnaire containing processed and ultraprocessed foods was applied. The sample consisted of 64 adolescents with a mean age of 12.03±1.15 years, 53.1% of the public school. Most of the adolescents were eutrophic (p=0.343), and when compared to the consumption of processed and ultraprocessed foods, most eutrophic schoolchildren reported a higher frequency of bullets and chewing gum (50.0%) and cereal bars (51.0%), 1 to 3 times per week (p=0.004, p=0.029, respectively). There was also a higher frequency of consumption of processed and ultraprocessed foods such as pizza (73.5%, p0.001), refrigerant (58.8%, p=0.036) and stuffed biscuit (58.8%, p=0.008) between 1 to 3 times a week in public school compared to private school. Consumption of packet juice (p=0.013) was reported not to be consumed by the majority of private school students compared to public school. Conclusion: The data found evidenced an expressive consumption of processed and ultraprocessed foods by the adolescents of both schools, highlighting foods with high sugar and sodium content.Keywords: Food Habits. Adolescents. Industrialized Foods.

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Study Habits, Self-Esteem, and Academic Achievement Among Public and Private Secondary School Students in Bangladesh

10.52380/ijpes.2021.8.3.214 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Md. Nurul ISLAM

Keyword(s):

Academic Achievement ◽

Secondary School ◽

Private School ◽

Secondary School Students ◽

Self Esteem ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Study Habits ◽

School Students ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Public And Private

Studies on academic achievement worldwide are sporadic, focusing on variables more or less have been taken by the researchers, and provided knowledge. This cross-sectional study aimed to determine how the school effect influences secondary school students' academic achievements by two important significant (study habits and self-esteem). With a covenient sampling method, 400 students from eight secondary schools in Bangladesh were selected for the study. Though the students were equally divided regarding gender (Boys, 200; Girls, 200), they were different regarding school types (Public, 188; Private, 212). Their ages range from 14 to 17, with an average of 14.8. They provided responses on two Bangla version scales: Study Habit Scale and Self-Esteem Scale. Academic achievement was significantly positively correlated with both study habits (r=.268, p<.01) and self-esteem (r=.291,p<.01). Two predictors of the study were also correlated with each other (r=.283, p<.01). Public and private school students were not varied significantly in studying habits and academic achievement, but they were significantly different in self-esteem. The study habits and self-esteem jointly explained 12.3% for public school students' academic achievement whileit explained 7.5% variance for the private school students. The discussion implies that how students’ study habits and self-esteem facilitates their academic achievement.Further studies will reflect more factors influencing academic achievement.

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Obesity-Related Factors in Turkish School Children

The Scientific World JOURNAL ◽

10.1100/2012/353485 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-5 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Cihad Dündar ◽

Hatice Öz

Keyword(s):

Private School ◽

Individual Characteristics ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

School Students ◽

Related Factors ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Public And Private ◽

Turkish Children ◽

Prevalence Of Obesity ◽

Watching Tv

Objective. To determine the prevalence of obesity and its risk factors in Turkish children.Method. This cross-sectional survey was conducted on students including 1271 boys and 1206 girls selected from 20 secondary schools in Samsun, Turkey. A predesigned questionnaire was used to elicit the information on individual characteristics. The height and weight of students were measured in their classroom. Obesity was defined as body mass index at or above the 95th percentile for age of the sex-specific CDC growth charts.Result. The mean age was 12.8 ± 0.9 years, and the prevalence of obesity was found at 10.3%. There were higher numbers of obese students in boys than in girls (X2= 53.4;P< 0.001). The prevalence of obesity was 10.0% and 16.8% in public and private school students, respectively. The percentage of obese children in students who skipped breakfast was found to be higher than that in the group that consumed 3 meals a day regularly. There was no difference at time spent in sedentary behavior except watching TV, and prevalence of obesity in the group of students watching television over 3 hours per day was higher than that in their counterparts (X2= 13.6;P< 0.01). The time of engagement in sports was lower in obese group statistically (F= 8.9;P< 0.001).Conclusion. In order to prevent childhood obesity, monitoring children's lifestyle by parents is necessary.

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CONSUMPTION OF MINIMALLY PROCESSED AND ULTRA-PROCESSED FOODS AMONG STUDENTS FROM PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SCHOOLS

Revista Paulista de Pediatria ◽

10.1590/1984-0462/;2019;37;2;00010 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 37 (2) ◽

pp. 173-180 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Camila Silva Ferreira ◽

Dyene Aparecida Silva ◽

Cristiana Araújo Gontijo ◽

Ana Elisa Madalena Rinaldi

Keyword(s):

Public Schools ◽

Total Energy ◽

Energy Intake ◽

Private Schools ◽

Private School ◽

Total Energy Intake ◽

Processed Foods ◽

School Students ◽

Minimally Processed ◽

Public And Private

ABSTRACT Objective: To compare and analyze the consumption of minimally processed and ultra-processed foods among students from public and private schools. Methods: Study conducted in Uberlândia, MG, with fifth-grade students from three private and six public schools, selected by stratified cluster sampling. We collected data on food consumption using the 24-hour recall. Foods were classified into four groups (G) according to extent and purpose of processing: fresh/minimally processed foods (G1) culinary ingredients (G2), processed foods (G3), and ultra-processed foods (G4). Total energy intake (kcal) of each group, amount of sugar (g), sodium (mg), and fiber (g) were quantified and compared according to administrative affiliation (private or public). Results: Percentage of total energy intake was: G1 - 52%; G2 - 12%; G3 - 5%; e G4 - 31%. Energy intake from G1 (53 vs. 47%), G2 (12 vs. 9%), and G3 (6.0 vs. 0.1%), and amount of sodium (3,293 vs. 2,724 mg) and fiber (23 vs. 18 g) were higher among students from public schools. Energy intake from G4 (36 vs. 28%) and amount of sugar (20 vs. 14%) were higher among students from private schools. The consumption of foods from G1 in the school environment was higher among students from public schools (40 vs. 9%). Conclusions: Foods from G1 represent the highest percentage of total energy intake, while those from G4 constitute a third of calories consumed. Processed juice, sandwich cookie, processed cake, and breakfast cereals are more frequent among private school students; snacks and juice powder are more common for students from public schools.

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Analyzing the Market for Shadow Education in Pakistan: Does Private Tuition Affect the Learning Gap between Private and Public Schools?

THE LAHORE JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS ◽

10.35536/lje.2013.v18.isp.a6 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 18 (Special Edition) ◽

pp. 129-160 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Bisma Haseeb Khan ◽

Sahar Amjad Shaikh

Keyword(s):

Public School ◽

Learning Outcomes ◽

Private Schools ◽

Private School ◽

Shadow Education ◽

School Students ◽

Public And Private ◽

Public School Students ◽

Learning Gap ◽

Private Tuition

Over the past decade, Pakistan has seen the rapid growth of a third sector in education: shadow education. According to the Annual Survey of Education Report (2013), 34 percent of private school students and 17 percent of public school students undertake private tuition in Punjab. Anecdotal evidence suggests that private tuition has a positive impact on learning outcomes. Keeping this in view, it is possible that private tuition, rather than a difference in schooling quality, is driving the observed learning gap between public and private schools? This study employs a fixed-effects framework, using panel data from the Learning and Educational Achievement in Punjab Schools (LEAPS) survey, to quantify the impact of private tuition on learning outcomes in public and private schools. We analyze the demand and supply dynamics of the shadow education market in Punjab, and find that private tuition has a positive significant effect on learning outcomes, specifically for public school students. For English, much of the learning gap between public and private schools is explained by the higher incidence of private tuition among private school students, but this is not the case for mathematics and Urdu. We also find that private tuition is predominantly supplied by private school teachers, but that they do not shirk their regular class hours to create demand for their tuition classes, as is normally believed. On the demand side, private tuition acts as a substitute for receiving help at home. Moreover, it supplements formal education rather than substituting for low-quality formal schooling.

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Are adolescents studying in private schools more obese? a comparative study among adolescents from different types of schools in Kerala, India

International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics ◽

10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20190527 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 473

Author(s):

Aby Dany Varghese ◽

Geethu Mathew ◽

Anoop Ivan Benjamin

Keyword(s):

Sleep Duration ◽

Private Schools ◽

Private School ◽

Parental Education ◽

Family Income ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

School Students ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Secondary Classes

Background: Adolescent obesity is a serious public health challenge of this century. It is associated with many factors including sleep patterns among adolescents.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Pathanamthitta district, Kerala. Adolescents studying in high school and higher secondary classes were included using stratified random sampling. Study tools included a structured questionnaire and anthropometric measurements.Results: 657 students were enrolled from Government, Government-aided and Private schools. The mean age of the participants was 15.09±1.33 years. The overall prevalence of overweight and obesity was 13.8% and 6.5% respectively. Students in private schools were found to have higher prevalence of overweight (17.8%) and obesity (9.8%) compared to Government-aided (15.3% and 5.4%) and Government schools (8% and 4.5%). Students with lesser sleep duration had higher BMI values. Factors such as higher age, family income, parental education, lack of regular physical activity were associated with obesity. Students with more siblings and family members had low BMI compared to others.Conclusions: High prevalence of overweight and obesity was observed among adolescents especially among private school students. Inadequate sleep duration was also found to be associated with obesity. Primary prevention approach aimed at spreading adequate awareness among students, parents and teachers should be practiced.

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