scholarly journals The Level of Instructional Leadership Practices Among Principals of National Religious Secondary School in Malaysia

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samsiah Binti Si-Rajab ◽  
Prof. Madya ◽  
Dr. Khalip Bin Musa
Keyword(s):  
Instructional Leadership ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Leadership Practices ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
School Achievement ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Instructional Leaders ◽  
Systematic Random Sampling ◽  
The Mean

It is stated that Instructional leaders are responsible for making sure that positive attitude towards change is organised and created among members of the school. The study aimed to identify the level of Instructional Leadership practices among principals of the National Religious Secondary School in Malaysia. A total of 365 respondents from 57 National Religious Secondary Schools were selected by systematic random sampling method to answer the questionaires. Data is analyzed by using descriptive statistics identifying the mean, standard deviation and percentage to recognise the level. The result showed that the level of Instructional Leadership practices is significantly high (mean=3.85, s.d.=0.41).   In conclusion, the study found that the level of Instructional Leadership Practices is high among the principals of the schools.  The research implied that Instructional Leadership plays an important role and should be adopted by the principals and teachers of National Religious Secondary School to increase School Achievement.   Keywords:     Instructional Leadership, Principals, National Religious Secondary School, School Achievement 

scholarly journals Investigating the Relationship between Professionalism and (Technical, Human, and Perceptual) Skills of Managers in Poly Akril Company of Iran from Experts’ Viewpoint

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 117
Author(s):  
Marzie Ghanbari ◽  
Reza Hoveida ◽  
Seyed Ali Siadat
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Regression Coefficient ◽  
Reliability Coefficient ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Stratified Random Sampling ◽  
Perceptual Skills ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Test Correlation

The objective of the present study is to investigate the relationship between managers’ professionalism and (technical, human, and perceptual) skills in managers of Iran Poly Akril Company. The research is an applied one in terms of objectives, and a descriptive-correlational in terms of method. The population includes all experts working in the company in 2012 as 240 individuals among who 144 participants were selected using the stratified random sampling method proportionate to the population size as the sample size. The data collection instruments were two researcher-made questionnaires of Managers’ skills containing 22 items and with the reliability coefficient as 0.96, and Professionalism containing 28 items and the reliability coefficient as 0.95. Their validity was investigated and confirmed by professors and experts of management. Analyzing data was conducted at the two level of descriptive statistics (frequency, mean, SD, and presentation of tables and charts) and inferential statistics (one sample t-test, correlation coefficient, regression coefficient, ANOVA, and F-test).

scholarly journals Process and Determinants of Cross-Border Migration of Nepalese People of India

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 167-184
Author(s):  
Laxman Singh Kunwar
Keyword(s):  
Random Sampling ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Migration Process ◽  
Systematic Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Determining Factors ◽  
Employment Situation ◽  
Migration Theories

Cross border migration between Nepal and India has long history with unique dimensions. This paper highlights the migration process and determining factors of cross border migrants of Nepalese people to India. Some literatures related with migration between Nepal and India as well as main migration theories including their debates are highlighted. The study households were selected randomly by using systematic random sampling method. The information was collected through field study by using structured and semi structured questions. The participation of ancestors in cross border, sources of information, accompanies of migrants and decision makers for cross border migration were analyzed in migration process. Main reasons of crossing the border, employment situation, poverty and income, land holding size, indebtedness and frequencies of migrants crossing the border by themselves were concluded the main determining factors in cross border migration.

scholarly journals Exploring principals’ instructional leadership practices in Malaysia: insights and implications

2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alma Harris ◽  
Michelle Jones ◽  
Kenny Soon Lee Cheah ◽  
Edward Devadason ◽  
Donnie Adams
Keyword(s):  
Instructional Leadership ◽  
Knowledge Base ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Leadership Practices ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Instructional Leaders ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Leadership Practice ◽  
Content Type

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to outline the findings from a small-scale, exploratory, study of principals’ instructional leadership practice in Malaysian primary schools. The dimensions and functions of instructional leadership, explicitly explored in this study, are those outlined in the Hallinger and Murphy’s (1985) model. Design/methodology/approach This study is part of a larger international, comparative research project that aims to identify the boundaries of the current knowledge base on instructional leadership practice and to develop a preliminary empirically based understanding of how principals conceive and enact their role as instructional leaders in Hong Kong, China, Vietnam, Malaysia, Singapore, Taiwan, and Thailand. Using a qualitative research design, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 30 primary school principals in Malaysia. The sample comprised principals from 14 Government National schools (SK), nine principals from Chinese schools (SJKC) and seven principals from Tamil schools (SJKT). The qualitative data were initially analysed inductively, and subsequently coded using ATLAS.ti to generate the findings and conclusions. Findings The findings showed that the Malaysian principals, who were interviewed, understood and could describe their responsibilities relating to improving instructional practice. In particular, they talked about the supervision of teachers and outlined various ways in which they actively monitored the quality of teaching and learning in their schools. These data revealed that some of the duties and activities associated with being a principal in Malaysia are particularly congruent with instructional leadership practices. In particular, the supervision of teaching and learning along with leading professional learning were strongly represented in the data. Research limitations/implications This is a small-scale, exploratory study involving 30 principals. Practical implications There is a clear policy aspiration, outlined in the Malaysian Education Blueprint, that principals should be instructional leaders. The evidence shows that principals are enacting some of the functions associated with being an instructional leader but not others. Originality/value The findings from this study provide some new insights into the principals’ instructional leadership practices in Malaysia. They also provide a basis for further, in-depth exploration that can enhance the knowledge base about principals’ instructional leadership practices in Malaysia.

scholarly journals Abundance and Diversity of Diatom Class Bacillariophyceae as Bioindictaor of Pollution in the Waters of Tanjung Luar Fish Landing Based

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 525
Author(s):  
Niswatul Audah ◽  
Lalu Japa ◽  
M. Yamin
Keyword(s):  
Random Sampling ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Pollution Level ◽  
Dominance Index ◽  
Systematic Random Sampling ◽  
Species Similarity ◽  
Sample Points ◽  
Abundance And Diversity

Tanjung Luar is coastal water used as a waste disposal area for Fish Landing Based (FLB) activities. However, the condition of the waters with phytoplankton as a bioindicator has never been reporting. This research aims to know Bacillariophyceae in terms of abundance, diversity, and measurement of environmental pollution variables. Methods Sampling at the study location was determined by a systematic random sampling method. Data analysis Bacillariophyceae were determined using formula abundance, diversity index, and dominance index. The index of similarity of species between sample points was determined based on the Bray-Curtis Cluster Analysis. Furthermore, the results showed an abundance of Bacillaryophyceae of 322,000 individuals / L classified as low, the diversity index of Bacillariophyceae of 2.162 classified as moderate, and a dominance index of 0.138 (without dominating species). The results showed that the highest species similarity index was between sample points II and III (57.9%), and the lowest species similarity index between sample points I and II was 23.7%. Water pollution on the waters of PPI Tanjung Luar is classified as moderate pollution level and oligotrophic fertility.

scholarly journals Household levels of deprivation to WaSH and residential conditions in slum settlements of Lagos, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isaiah Sewanu Akoteyon ◽  
Ibrahim Rotimi Aliu ◽  
Olayemi Soladoye
Keyword(s):  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Physical Environment ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Resources Allocation ◽  
Stagnant Water ◽  
Sanitation And Hygiene ◽  
Structured Questionnaire ◽  
Slum Settlements

Abstract Household levels of deprivation to water, sanitation, and hygiene (WaSH) and residential conditions in slum settlements of Lagos, Nigeria were assessed and mapped using slum deprivation index (SDI). A structured questionnaire was administered to 1,398 households in 16 settlements using a random sampling method. Descriptive statistics and SDI were employed to analyze the data while ArcMap was used to map the patterns of SDI. The results show that households live in poor dwelling conditions with limited access to WaSH facilities. The SDI indicates that 18.7% of the slums are highly deprived. Based on WaSH and dwelling and physical environment (DPE) components, 18.75 and 31.25% of the slums are highly deprived. Water, sanitation, and hygiene indicators show that 37.5, 12.5, and 56.25% of the slums are highly deprived respectively. About 50, 37.5, 43.75, and 31.25% of the slum are highly deprived based on dwelling, waste disposal, waste pile, and stagnant water respectively. The study concluded that six settlements live in deplorable WaSH and DPE conditions. The study recommends urgent intervention for planning and resources allocation, and sustained urban renewal programs at Oko-Baba, Ilaje, Oko-Agbon, Abule-Nla, and Badia for improved WaSH and living conditions for sustainable service delivery and healthy slum settlements.

scholarly journals EFL language assessment literacy among Jordanian EFL secondary school teachers

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 2858-2871
Author(s):  
Sara Mohammad El-Freihat
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Secondary School Teachers ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Language Assessment ◽  
Assessment Literacy ◽  
Knowledge Level ◽  
School Teachers ◽  
Efl Teachers

The study aims to define EFL language assessment literacy among Jordanian EFL secondary school teachers. The study sample consisted of (214) EFL teachers at Irbid Governorate selected using random sampling method. To achieve the study objectives, a questionnaire consisted of (36) items was distributed on the study sample. The study showed that knowledge level of language assessment among Jordanian EFL teachers was low. The study revealed statistically significant differences in the knowledge level of language assessment among Jordanian EFL teachers due to years of experience, in favor of more than 10 years and due to qualification, in favor of PhD, while there were no statistically significant differences in light of gender. In light of the results the study suggests to pay more attention by university administrations to design training programs able to fulfill the actual needs of EFL pre-service teachers in Jordan. Keywords: Assessment Literacy, EFL Language.

scholarly journals An investigation of relations between pre-service teachers' metacognition skill levels and their critical thinking situations

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Özden Demir ◽  
Halil İbrahim Kaya
Keyword(s):  
Critical Thinking ◽  
Prospective Teachers ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Sampling Methods ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Skill Levels ◽  
Screening Model ◽  
Self Confidence

The main purpose of this study is to investigate prospective teachers' critical thinking and metacognition levels. The study is descriptive in nature and based on relational screening model. The participants were selected using stratified sampling method which is one of the random sampling methods, and 293 teachers became the participants of the study. The data collected via "California Critical Thinking Scale" and "Metacognition Scale" were analyzed using independent groups t-test, one-way variance analysis, correlation analysis as well as the descriptive statistics. Results show that although the participants' metacognition perceptions differed according to gender in the evaluation and organization dimensions, no significant differences were found in the other dimensions. The participants' perceived critical thinking levels did not show significant differences according to the departments they attend in the seeking truth, open-mindedness, analyticalness, systematicity, curiousness and total dimensions. Critical thinking total scores were found to display a negative relationship with evaluation, organization, and metacognition total scores while they showed a positive relationship with seeking the truth, open-mindedness, analyticalness, systematicity, self-confidence, and curiousness scores.

scholarly journals Teachers’ and middle managers’ experiences of principals’ instructional leadership towards improving curriculum delivery in schools

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Grace Chabalala ◽  
Parvathy Naidoo
Keyword(s):  
Instructional Leadership ◽  
Teacher Development ◽  
Leadership Practices ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Middle Managers ◽  
Mission Statement ◽  
Instructional Leaders ◽  
Learning Climate ◽  
Primary Role ◽  
Curriculum Delivery

Background: This study was designed to explore teachers’ and middle managers’ experiences regarding their principals’ instructional leadership practices aimed at improving curriculum delivery in schools. Literature on instructional leadership indicates how failing schools can be turned around to become successful if principals consider instructional leadership to be their primary role within schools. The authors, therefore, argue that it is the responsibility of principals to ensure that learners’ results are improved through intervention and support provided by the principals to capacitate teachers and middle managers in delivering the curriculum effectively. Globally, literature promotes the significance of the continued professional development of teachers, and many scholars allude to the pivotal role principals or school heads play in teachers’ skills advancement.Aim: The aim of this article was to identify principals’ instructional practices that improve curriculum delivery in schools, which are examined through the experiences of teachers and middle managers.Setting: The study was conducted in two schools in the Gauteng province of South Africa.Method: The researchers employed a qualitative approach, utilising three domains of instructional leadership as its framework, and these are defining the school mission statement, managing the instructional programme and promoting a positive school learning climate. Four teachers and four middle managers were purposefully selected at two schools for data collection conducted through semi-structured individual interviews, which were analysed using thematic content analysis.Results: Three themes emerged, namely, understanding good instructional leadership practices, teacher development as an instructional practice and instructional resource provisioning.Conclusion: The study highlights the importance of teachers and middle managers in understanding that principals are merely not school managers or administrators, but rather instructional leaders whose primary role is to direct teaching and learning processes in schools. Principals need to create time within their constricted schedules to become instructional leaders, which is their main purpose in schools. If the roles and responsibilities of middle managers are not explicit, their ability to simultaneously perform the dual task of being teachers and middle managers will be compromised.

Instructional Leadership Practices among Principals in Israeli and US Jewish Schools

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Glanz ◽  
Haim Shaked ◽  
Chanina Rabinowitz ◽  
Shmuel Shenhav ◽  
Rachel Zaretsky
Keyword(s):  
Instructional Leadership ◽  
Leadership Practices ◽  
Women Principals ◽  
Instructional Leaders ◽  
Leadership Perceptions ◽  
Methodological Study ◽  
Jewish Schools ◽  
And Behaviors

Extant research indicates that principals are expected to serve as instructional leaders. Instructional leadership practices of principals in Israeli and US Jewish schools have, until recently, been unexplored. Therefore, this mixed-methodological study explores instructional leadership perceptions and behaviors among Israeli and US principals. Data, via questionnaires and interviews, were collected from 90 principals from each country. Findings suggest that US principals demonstrated significantly higher levels of instructional leadership. In both groups, women principals demonstrated higher levels of instructional leadership. Our interviews provided unique insights leading to our suggestions for ways of promoting greater attention to instructional leadership by principals of both countries.

A beginner's Guide to Sampling Methods in Medical Research

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moslem Basti ◽  
Farzan Madadizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Random Sampling ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Sampling Methods ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Stratified Random Sampling ◽  
Systematic Random Sampling ◽  
Probabilistic Sampling ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Main Components

Background: Sampling methods are one of the main components of each research. Familiarity with a variety of sampling methods is essential for researchers. Objective: The main purpose of this study was to teach different probabilistic and non-probabilistic sampling methods to improve the knowledge of researchers in conducting more accurate research. Methods: In this tutorial article, useful information about each sampling method, as well as how to properly use each method and its strengths and weaknesses are provided. Results: Five cases of probabilistic sampling methods and four cases of non-probabilistic sampling methods that are common are mentioned. Probabilistic sampling included simple random sampling, stratified random sampling, cluster sampling, systematic random sampling, and multi-stage random sampling. In addition to introducing each method, its strengths and weaknesses are also mentioned. Conclusion: Probabilistic sampling methods despite limiting assumptions provide more reliable results. Therefore, if it is possible, researchers should use probabilistic sampling methods to increase the accuracy of the study.

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