Prevalence of Group D Streptococci or Enterococci Isolates and their Antimicrobial Sensitivity Pattern Isolated from Various Clinical Samples In Tertiary Care Hospital, at Saharsa, North Bihar

Background: The genus Klebsiella of Enterobacteriaceae family is ubiquitous in nature. They cause many nosocomial infections like pneumonia, urinary tract infections, wound infections, bacteremia and septicemia. Multidrug resistance is seen in Klebsiella which serves as the most common cause of increased morbidity and mortality. This study reveals the prevalence and antibiotic sensitivity pattern of Klebsiella species from various clinical samples. The primary objectives are as follows: To isolate and characterize Klebsiella species from various clinical samples. To study the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of Klebsiella isolates.Methods: This prospective study was conducted in our tertiary care hospital during the period from August 2019 to October 2019. A total of 3521 samples were tested during this period. The samples include blood, sputum, urine, and pus.Results: Out of the total samples tested,1106 samples were showing the growth of the organisms. Among this,351 were identified as Klebsiella species and the highest rate of isolation of Klebsiella species is from the sputum sample and also the same was reported high in medical wards. The study also shows that the isolation of Klebsiella species shows male preponderance when compared to females. The antibiotic sensitivity pattern was done by Kirby-Bauer's disc diffusion method and the sensitivity was noted to be higher to amikacin and ciprofloxacin.Conclusions: Thus, this study shows the prevalence rate of Klebsiella species and sensitivity pattern of Klebsiella, which may help select appropriate antibiotics and prevent overuse and misuse of antibiotics.

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Antimicrobial Sensitivity Pattern in the Mixed Intensive Care Unit in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Eastern Nepal

Eastern Green Neurosurgery ◽

10.3126/egn.v2i2.29237 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 9-15

Author(s):

Niraj Kumar Keyal ◽

Mahendra Shrestha ◽

Partima Sigdel Ghimire

Keyword(s):

Intensive Care Unit ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Intensive Care ◽

Tertiary Care Hospital ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Polymyxin B ◽

Clinical Samples ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Sensitivity Pattern

Background: Empirical antibiotics are used in the intensive care unit based on developing countries’ guidelines due to a lack of a bacteriological profile of individual ICU and institution policy. Therefore, this study was conducted to know the antibiogram of the intensive care unit and to make institution policy for antibiotic use in ICU. Materials and methods: It was a prospective descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in the mixed surgical and medical intensive care unit of a tertiary care hospital for one year in 625 patients. Various clinical samples were collected aseptically and organisms were identified by the cultural characteristics, morphology, gram stain, and different biochemical test. Antimicrobial susceptibility was done with a disc diffusion test. Data collection was done in a preformed sheet that included all tested antibiotic and demographic variables. Statistical analysis was done by using statistical package for the social sciences. The result was presented as frequency and percentage. Results: Out of 625 samples, 135(22%) showed growth in culture. Among them, 96(71%) and 39(29%) were gram-negative bacilli and gram-positive cocci respectively. The tracheal aspirate was the most common type of specimen which comprised 49(36.29%) isolates. The most common organism was Staphylococcus aureus which accounts for 27(20%) isolates, followed by Acinetobacter baumanni 25(18.51%), Klebsiella pneumoniae 22(16.29%) and Pseudomonas aeurignosa 21(15.55%). The incidence of multidrug-resistant and extended drug resistance was 44(32.5%) and 45(33%) respectively. Meanwhile, the incidence of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus was 70%. However, in the case of Acinetobacter baumannii and Enterobacteriaceae, all were sensitive to polymyxin B and meropenem. Conclusion:Antibiotics should be prescribed based on the antibiogram of individual intensive care units that can decrease antibiotic resistance. Polymyxin B and meropenem can be prescribed for gram-negative bacilli and vancomycin for Staphylococcus aureus.

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