scholarly journals INTERSPECIFIC HYBRIDIZATION IN THE GENUS SOLANUM L. AND ITS USE IN BREEDING

2012 ◽  
pp. 10-21
Author(s):  
M. I. Mamedov ◽  
O. N. Pishnaya ◽  
N. A. Shmykova ◽  
V. A. Verba ◽  
E. A. Jos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interspecific Hybridization ◽  
Wild Species ◽  
Interspecific Hybrids ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Flower Size ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Female Component ◽  
Generative Organs

The studies found that in the crosses of S. melongena with wild species, used as a male and female component, the interspecific hybrids have the traits of the generative organs of wild species: the shape and flower size, color, shape and fruit size.

scholarly journals Comparative Studies of Intra and Inter Specific Hybrid of F2 Generations in Mungbean

2020 ◽  
pp. 01-11
Author(s):  
Pandiyan M ◽  
Krishnaveni A ◽  
Sivakumar P ◽  
Vaithiyalingan M ◽  
Jamuna E ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interspecific Hybridization ◽  
Wild Species ◽  
Interspecific Hybrids ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Interspecific Crosses ◽  
Single Plant ◽  
Plant Yield ◽  
Biotic Stresses ◽  
Vigna Species ◽  
Specific Hybrid

Intra and interspecific hybridization was done for developing donor with respect to MYMV and Bruchids resistance. Several differences in many characters were observed in intra and interspecific hybrids crosses for certain characters. Among all the combination of both intra and interspecific crosses studied, single plant yield increased through only intra specific crosses attempted while resistance to biotic stresses like MYMV and bruchids were improved by interspecific crosses. Hence the utilization of wild species in crop improvement is very effective for donor development compared to intra specific crosses. Keywords: Vigna radiata; Wild Vigna species Intra and Interspecific; Hybridization; Comparative Traits

INTERSPECIFIC HYBRIDIZATION OF THE CYPRUS MOUFLON (AGRINON) WITH DOMESTIC SHEEP

1990 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 23-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. P. mavrogenis ◽  
A. Herzogi
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Interspecific Hybridization ◽  
Interspecific Hybrids ◽  
Chromosome Complement ◽  
Ovis Aries ◽  
Domestic Sheep ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Wild Sheep ◽  
Ovis Musimon

SUMMARYAll interspecific hybrids, both male and female, resulting from crosses between the wild sheep of- Cyprus (known locally as Aqrinon) and domesticated sheep breeds (Ovis aries), Cyprus Fat-tailed (CFT), Chios an Awassi, were found to be fertile.The chromosome complement of both species and of the hybrids was 2n=54. The survival.rate of hybrid lambs up to 105 days of age increased with a higher percentage of domesticated sheep inheritance. F2 hybrids had the lowest survival rate.The birth weight of F1 and first backcross to domestic sheep (B,) lambs was higher than that of F2 and F1 × B1 lambs, but much lower thin that of domesticated sheep.Most of the evidence available suggests that the wild sheep of Cyprus originates from either the European (ovis musimon) or the Asiatic' (Ovis orientalis) mouflon.

scholarly journals Alteration of Anthocyanin Glycosylation in Cranberry Through Interspecific Hybridization

2005 ◽  
Vol 130 (5) ◽  
pp. 711-715 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholi Vorsa ◽  
James J. Polashock
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Interspecific Hybridization ◽  
Interspecific Hybrids ◽  
Parental Species ◽  
Genetic Manipulation ◽  
Vaccinium Macrocarpon ◽  
Antioxidant Potential ◽  
Backcross Population ◽  
American Cranberry

The flavonoids of american cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait.) are documented to be beneficial for human health. Among their benefits is a high antioxidant potential, with anthocyanin glycosides being the main contributors. Flavonoid glucose conjugates are reported to be more bioavailable than those with other sugar conjugates. The anthocyanin glycosides of V. macrocarpon fruit are mainly galactosides and arabinosides of the aglycones, cyanidin and peonidin, with less than 8% glucosides. In contrast, the fruit anthocyanins of another cranberry species, V. oxycoccus L. were found to be largely glucosides of cyanidin and peonidin. Interspecific hybrids between these two species were intermediate to the parental species in the proportion of fruit anthocyanin glucosides. About half the progeny (1:1 segregation) in a backcross population (to V. macrocarpon) maintained the relatively high anthocyanin glucoside ratio. In this study, we demonstrate the genetic manipulation of anthocyanin glycosylation in cranberry using interspecific hybridization, resulting in dramatically increased glucose-conjugated anthocyanins.

scholarly journals Base temperature for node emission and plastochron determination in tomato species and their hybrids

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 307-315
Author(s):  
André Ricardo Zeist ◽  
Juliano Tadeu Vilela de Resende ◽  
Marcos Ventura Faria ◽  
André Gabriel ◽  
Israel Felipe Lustosa da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wild Species ◽  
Interspecific Hybrids ◽  
Mean Squared Error ◽  
Main Stem ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Base Temperature ◽  
Solanum Pennellii ◽  
Solanum Habrochaites ◽  
Tomato Species ◽  
Wild Accessions

Abstract: The objective of this work was to estimate the base temperature for node emission and plastochron determination in wild species of tomato, in the Redenção cultivar, and in their respective interspecific F1 hybrids. The wild accessions Solanum pimpinellifolium AF 26970, Solanum galapagense LA-1401, Solanum peruvianum AF 19684, Solanum habrochaites var. hirsutum PI-127826, Solanum habrochaites var. glabratum PI-134417, and Solanum pennellii LA-716; the cultivar Redenção (Solanum lycopersicum); and their respective interspecific hybrids were evaluated, on the transplanting dates 12/22/2015, 2/12/2016, and 4/6/2016. The base temperature was estimated using the least mean squared error of the linear regression between the number of nodes and the accumulated thermal sum. The plastochron for the main stem and the first three lateral stems was estimated using the base temperature. The base temperature for node emission and plastochron determination varied from 4.5 to 14.8°C. The species S. habrochaites var. hirsutum accession PI-127826, S. habrochaites var. glabratum accession PI-134417, and their hybrids with the Redenção cultivar showed the lowest base temperatures and plastochron for the main stem, whereas the remaining wild species and interspecific hybrids had a base temperature near that of cultivated tomato. Wild species and interspecific hybrids of tomato show a great variation in base temperature for node emission and plastochron determination.

Study on interspecific hybridization between tulip cultivars and wild species native to China

Euphytica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 216 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guimei Xing ◽  
Lianwei Qu ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Yanqiu Zhang ◽  
Xingfu Yuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interspecific Hybridization ◽  
Wild Species

scholarly journals Interspecific hybridization of sturgeon species affects differently their gonadal development

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Linhartová ◽  
M. Havelka ◽  
M. Pšenička ◽  
M. Flajšhans
Keyword(s):  
Interspecific Hybridization ◽  
Germ Cells ◽  
Sertoli Cells ◽  
Interspecific Hybrids ◽  
Gonad Development ◽  
Gonadal Development ◽  
Genetic Origin ◽  
Ploidy Levels ◽  
Sturgeon Species ◽  
Fertile Hybrids

Gonad development in fish is generally assumed to be negatively influenced by interspecific hybridization, resulting in sterility or sub-sterility. However, this is not the case in sturgeons (Acipenseridae), in which fertile hybrids are common. In the present study, we investigated gonad development in several sturgeon interspecific hybrids and purebred species. Six interspecific hybrid groups and three purebred groups were analyzed including 20 hybrid specimens with even ploidy, 40 specimens having odd ploidy levels, and 30 purebred specimens. Hybrids of species with the same ploidy (even ploidy – 2n, 4n) exhibited normally developed gonads similar to those seen in purebred specimens. In contrast, hybrids of species differing in ploidy (odd ploidy – 3n) did not display fully developed gonads. Ovaries were composed of oocytes or nests of differentiating oocytes that ceased development in early stages of meiosis (pachytene to zygotene) with a higher content of adipose and apoptotic tissue. Testes contained single spermatogonia along with Sertoli cells and spaces lacking germ cells. The obtained results showed that gonad development was influenced by genetic origin and ploidy of the sturgeon hybrids and were consistent with full fertility of hybrids with even ploidy. Sterility of females, but possibly limited fertility of males, is suggested for hybrids with odd ploidy.

scholarly journals Oligo-painting and GISH reveal meiotic chromosome biases and increased meiotic stability in synthetic allotetraploid Cucumis ×hytivus with dysploid parental karyotypes

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qinzheng Zhao ◽  
Yunzhu Wang ◽  
Yunfei Bi ◽  
Yufei Zhai ◽  
Xiaqing Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interspecific Hybridization ◽  
Interspecific Hybrids ◽  
Chromosome Doubling ◽  
Meiotic Chromosome ◽  
Genomic In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Meiotic Behavior ◽  
Cytological Evidence ◽  
Meiotic Stability ◽  
Inbred Family

Abstract Background Meiosis of newly formed allopolyploids frequently encounter perturbations induced by the merging of divergent and hybridizable genomes. However, to date, the meiotic properties of allopolyploids with dysploid parental karyotypes have not been studied in detail. The allotetraploid Cucumis ×hytivus (HHCC, 2n = 38) was obtained from interspecific hybridization between C. sativus (CC, 2n = 14) and C. hystrix (HH, 2n = 24) followed by chromosome doubling. The results of this study thus offer an excellent opportunity to explore the meiotic properties of allopolyploids with dysploid parental karyotypes. Results In this report, we describe the meiotic properties of five chromosomes (C5, C7, H1, H9 and H10) and two genomes in interspecific hybrids and C. ×hytivus (the 4th and 14th inbred family) through oligo-painting and genomic in situ hybridization (GISH). We show that 1) only two translocations carrying C5-oligo signals were detected on the chromosomes C2 and C4 of one 14th individual by the karyotyping of eight 4th and 36 14th plants based on C5- and C7-oligo painting, and possible cytological evidence was observed in meiosis of the 4th generation; 2) individual chromosome have biases for homoeologous pairing and univalent formation in F1 hybrids and allotetraploids; 3) extensive H-chromosome autosyndetic pairings (e.g., H-H, 25.5% PMCs) were observed in interspecific F1 hybrid, whereas no C-chromosome autosyndetic pairings were observed (e.g. C-C); 4) the meiotic properties of two subgenomes have significant biases in allotetraploids: H-subgenome exhibits higher univalent and chromosome lagging frequencies than C-subgenome; and 5) increased meiotic stability in the S14 generation compared with the S4 generation, including synchronous meiosis behavior, reduced incidents of univalent and chromosome lagging. Conclusions These results suggest that the meiotic behavior of two subgenomes has dramatic biases in response to interspecific hybridization and allopolyploidization, and the meiotic behavior harmony of subgenomes is a key subject of meiosis evolution in C. ×hytivus. This study helps to elucidate the meiotic properties and evolution of nascent allopolyploids with the dysploid parental karyotypes.

scholarly journals Temperature Effects on Interspecific Hybridization between Gladiolus ×grandiflora and G. tristis

HortScience ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 341-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasumasa Takatsu ◽  
Masakazu Kasumi ◽  
Toru Manabe ◽  
Mikio Hayashi ◽  
Eiichi Inoue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interspecific Hybridization ◽  
Wild Species ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Pollen Viability ◽  
Flow Cytometric Analysis ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Modern Cultivar ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Flow Cytometric

Interspecific hybridization between a modern cultivar of Gladiolu×grandiflora hort. (2n = 60) and the wild species G. tristis L. (2n = 30) was made to introduce characteristics of the wild species into the cultivated one. Gladiolus ×grandiflora is a summer-flowering species, and G. tristis flowers in winter. The effect of storage temperature on pollen viability was tested, as long-term storage of pollen was necessary to facilitate crossing these two species. Pollen of G. tristis could be stored at -20 °C for ≈1 year, and was more practical than storage at -80 °C. Air temperature affected pollen tube growth, fertility, and fruit set in the cross between G. ×grandiflora and G. tristis, and low temperatures (15 to 20 °C) were best. The morphological data and flow cytometric analysis showed that the F1 plants were hybrids between G. ×grandiflora and G. tristis.

scholarly journals Interspecific Hybridization between Eggplant and Wild Relatives from Different Genepools

2016 ◽  
Vol 141 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariola Plazas ◽  
Santiago Vilanova ◽  
Pietro Gramazio ◽  
Adrián Rodríguez-Burruezo ◽  
Ana Fita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interspecific Hybridization ◽  
Wild Species ◽  
Interspecific Hybrid ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Solanum Melongena ◽  
Wild Relatives ◽  
Solanum Torvum ◽  
Introgression Breeding ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Solanum Elaeagnifolium

Wild relatives represent a source of variation for many traits of interest for eggplant (Solanum melongena) breeding, as well as for broadening the genetic base of this crop. However, interspecific hybridization with wild relatives has been barely used in eggplant breeding programs. As initiation of an introgression breeding program we performed 1424 interspecific hybridizations between six accessions of eggplant from the Occidental and Oriental groups and 19 accessions of 12 wild species from the primary (Solanum incanum and Solanum insanum), secondary (Solanum anguivi, Solanum dasyphyllum, Solanum lichtensteinii, Solanum linnaeanum, Solanum pyracanthos, Solanum tomentosum, and Solanum violaceum), and tertiary (Solanum elaeagnifolium, Solanum sisymbriifolium, and Solanum torvum) genepools. Fruit set, hybrid seed, and seed germination were obtained between Solanum melongena and all wild species of the primary and secondary genepools. The highest fruit set percentage and quantity of seeds per fruit were obtained with the two primary genepool species S. incanum and S. insanum as well as with some secondary genepool species, like S. anguivi, S. dasyphyllum, or S. lichtensteinii, although some differences among species were observed depending on the direction of the hybridization. For small-fruited wild species, the number of seeds per fruit was lower when using them as maternal parent. Regarding tertiary genepool species, fruit set was obtained only in interspecific hybridizations of eggplant with S. sisymbriifolium and S. torvum, although the fruit of the former were parthenocarpic. However, it was possible to rescue viable interspecific hybrids with S. torvum. In total we obtained 58 interspecific hybrid combinations (excluding reciprocals) between eggplant and wild relatives. Some differences were observed among S. melongena accessions in the degree of success of interspecific hybridization, so that the number of hybrid combinations obtained for each accession ranged between 7 (MEL2) and 16 (MEL1). Hybridity of putative interspecific hybrid plantlets was confirmed with a morphological trait (leaf prickliness) and 12 single nucleotide polymorphism markers. The results show that eggplant is amenable to interspecific hybridization with a large number of wild species, including tertiary genepool materials. These hybrid materials are the starting point for introgression breeding in eggplant and in some cases might also be useful as rootstocks for eggplant grafting.

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