scholarly journals Creation of new tomato forms with fungal disease resistance genes based on marker selection

2021 ◽  
pp. 16-21
Author(s):  
I. N. Shamshin ◽  
E. V. Grosheva ◽  
M. V. Maslova ◽  
R. M. Samoilova
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Molecular Genetic Analysis ◽  
Fungal Diseases ◽  
Heterozygous State ◽  
Standard Type ◽  
Marker Selection ◽  
Young Leaves ◽  
Hybrid Forms

Relevance. The presented studies are aimed at obtaining new forms of tomato with a complex of genes for resistance to fungal diseases in combination with a standard type of bush and dark coloring of fruits based on marker-mediated selection.Methodology. The biological objects of the study are varieties and hybrid forms of tomato from the collection of the Michurinsky SAU. Molecular genetic analysis was performed using the following methods. DNA extraction was carried out from young leaves using a kit for isolation of NC Sample NC manufactured by Agrodiagnostika LLC according to the manufacturer's protocol. Fermentas production kits were used for PCR. Identification of the cladosporosis resistance gene was Cf-19 performed using the DNA marker R7. The presence of a fusarious wilting resistance gene was determined by a I-2/5 marker. The amplification results were visualized by agarose gel electrophoresis.Results. During the research, a collection of varieties and hybrid forms of tomato of the Michurinsky GAU was analyzed in order to identify genes for resistance to cladosporiosis Cf-19 and fusarium wilt I-2. A total of 52 genotypes were analyzed. It was found that most samples (41 samples) are characterized by a heterozygous state of the Cf-19 gene. All indeterminant and semi-determinant forms had both alleles. Of the 23 determinant forms presented in the collection, 10 had only one allele corresponding to recessive homozygote. Among all analyzed tomato genotypes, no dominant homozygous forms were noted. The study of the collection revealed several alleles of the I-2 gene. In total, four fragments corresponding to various alleles were amplified. A total of 50 resistant genotypes have been identified in the collection. Two alleys of the I-2 gene (633/693 bp) were identified in 42 tomato samples. Four varieties are homozygous in one allele (633 bp), which determines resistance. Three varieties have a second resistance allele (566 bp). One genotype has only an allele defining susceptibility (693 bp). On the basis of molecular analysis, as well as an assessment of the type of bush and fetal color, initial forms were selected with subsequent hybridization. 67 hybrid tomato plants were obtained. Evaluation of the presence of resistance genes showed that most of the resulting hybrids are resistant to cladosporiosis and fuzariosis. This is due to the presence of dominant alleles of Cf-19 and I-2 genes in a heterozygous state. Among the resulting hybrids, plants with a bark type of bush were identified. A total of 13 such plants were obtained.Conclusion. Thus, the work carried out allowed to obtain hybrid forms of tomato combine the signs of resistance to two pathogens of fungal diseases and the stem type of the bush. These forms are planned to be used in further selection work.

scholarly journals A study of the genetic diversity in the world soybean collection using microsatellite markers associated with fungal disease resistance

2020 ◽  
Vol 181 (3) ◽  
pp. 81-90
Author(s):  
A. K. Zatybekov ◽  
Y. T. Turuspekov ◽  
B. N. Doszhanova ◽  
S. I. Abugalieva
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Fungal Disease ◽  
Molecular Genetic Analysis ◽  
Fungal Diseases ◽  
Fungal Disease Resistance ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Purple Seed Stain ◽  
Simple Sequence

Background. Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) gradually becomes one of the leading legume crops in Kazakhstan. The area under soybeans in the country has been increasing annually and requires the development of adapted cultivars with a higher yield, improved quality characters, and resistance to emerging fungal diseases. The enlargement of the crop’s gene pool also suggests the need to study and document local soybean accessions to meet the standards of the available world soybean collection by using reliable and informative types of DNA markers.Materials and methods. In this study, the soybean collection consisting of 288 accessions from different countries, including 36 cultivars and promising lines from Kazakhstan, was studied. The molecular genetic analysis was performed using nine polymorphic SSR (simple sequence repeats) markers, seven of which (Satt244, Satt565, Satt038, Satt309, Satt371, Satt570 and Sat_308) were associated with resistance to three main fungal diseases of soybean – frogeye leaf spot, fusarium root rot, and purple seed stain.Results. The average PIC (polymorphism information content) value of the analyzed SSR markers constituted 0.66 ± 0.07, confirming their highlevel polymorphism. The principal coordinate analysis suggested that the local accessions were genetically most close to the accessions from East Asia. As the collection showed a robust resistance to three studied fungal diseases in Almaty Region during 2018–2019, the distribution of the studied SSR markers in the population was not significantly associated with resistance to the analyzed diseases under field conditions.Conclusion. SSR genotyping of the soybean collection helped to identify accessions that potentially possess resistance-associated alleles of fungal disease resistance genes. The data obtained can be further used for the development of DNA documentation and the breeding the promising cultivars and lines of soybean. 

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF PROMISING STRAWBERRY HYBRID FORMS BY FAOMT AND FAFAD1 FRUIT AROMA GENES

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (27) ◽  
pp. 117-124
Author(s):  
A.S. Lyzhin ◽  
◽  
I.V. Luk'yanchuk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Marker ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Molecular Genetic Analysis ◽  
Gene Identification ◽  
Fragaria Ananassa ◽  
Strawberry Fruit ◽  
Biological Objects ◽  
Allelic State ◽  
Functional Alleles ◽  
Hybrid Forms

An important consumer trait of strawberry fruits is their aroma. Among the most important strawberry fruit aroma compounds are γ-decalactone and mesifurane. The content of γ-decalactone in fruits is controlled by the expression of the FaFAD1 gene. The content of mesifurane in fruits is controlled by the FaOMT gene. Identification of genotypes carrying the target alleles of the aromatic complex genes is an important stage in improving the strawberry assortment and creating strawberry varieties with aromatic fruits. The purpose of the study is molecular genetic analysis of strawberry hybrid seedlings by the FaOMT and FaFAD1 genes to identify genotypes promising in breeding for fruit aroma. Promising selected and elite forms of strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) created at the FSSI “I.V. Michurin FSC” were used as biological objects. To identify the allelic state FaOMT gene, the codominant molecular marker FaOMT-SI/NO was used. To identify FaFAD1 gene, the molecular marker FaFAD1 was used. Using the FaOMT-SI/NO marker, the functional allele of the FaOMT gene (FaOMT+) was identified in the following strawberry selected forms: 298-19-9-43 (FB2 F. orientalis Los., F. moschata Duch., F. × ananassa Duch.), 932-29 (F. virginiana subsp. platypetala (Rydb.) Staudt × ‘Feyerverk’), 928-12 (298-19-9-43 × ‘Privlekatelnaya’), 69-29 (‘Feyerverk’× ‘Bylinnaya’), 72-25, 72-71 (‘Privlekatelnaya’ × ‘Bylinnaya’) and 26-5 (‘Rubinovyy kulon’× 298-19-9-43). The FaFAD1 gene was identified in strawberry hybrids 72-25 (‘Privlekatelnaya’ × ‘Bylinnaya’), 56-8 (‘Gigantella’ × ‘Privlekatelnaya’) and 61-12 (‘Bylinnaya’ × ‘Olimpiyskaya nadezhda’). The strawberry selected form 72-25 (‘Privlekatelnaya’ × ‘Bylinnaya’) is characterized by a combination of functional alleles of both genes (FaOMT + FaFAD1). Involvement of these forms in hybridization will make it possible to intensify the process of creating new strawberry varieties with improved fruit aroma.

DNA-analysis of genotypes of the genus Fragaria l. For anthracnose resistance

2020 ◽  
Vol 62 ◽  
pp. 53-58
Author(s):  
A. S. Lyzhin ◽  
I. V. Luk’yanchuk ◽  
E. V. Zhbanova
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Dna Analysis ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Molecular Genetic Analysis ◽  
Anthracnose Resistance

The results of the molecular genetic analysis of strawberry genotypes for the Rca2 anthracnose resistance gene were shown. The marker STS-Rca2_240 linked to Rca2 gene was identified in the strawberry varieties Elianny and Laetitia (the putative genotype is Rca2Rca2 or Rca2rca2). In the remaining studied genotypes of the genus Fragaria L. the marker STS-Rca2_240 was not detected (the putative genotype is rca2rca2).

Resistance gene analogues of wheat: molecular genetic analysis of ESTs

2006 ◽  
Vol 113 (6) ◽  
pp. 987-1002 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. G. McFadden ◽  
A. Lehmensiek ◽  
E. S. Lagudah
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Molecular Genetic Analysis

scholarly journals Marker controlled screening of resistant to red stele root rot (Rpf1 gene) strawberry selected forms

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 01006
Author(s):  
Alexander Lyzhin ◽  
Irina Luk’yanchuk
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Dna Markers ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Allelic Polymorphism ◽  
Heterozygous State ◽  
Breeding For Resistance ◽  
Homozygous Genotype ◽  
Red Stele ◽  
Initial Forms ◽  
Hybrid Forms

The results of the analysis of allelic polymorphism of the Rpf1 red stele root rot resistance gene in strawberry hybrid forms using diagnostic DNA markers were shown. The recessive homozygous genotype (rpf1rpf1) was identified in strawberry seedlings 932-29 (F. virginiana subsp. platypetala (Rydb.) Staudt × Feyerverk), 933-4 (F. virginiana subsp. platypetala (Rydb.) Staudt × Rubinovyy kulon), 62-7, 62-23 (Bylinnaya × Feyerverk), 65-2, 65-15 (Olimpiyskaya nadezhda × Bylinnaya) and 35-16 (922-67 × Maryshka). The heterozygous state of the Rpf1 gene was identified in strawberry forms 69-29 (Feyerverk × Bylinnaya), 62-41 (Bylinnaya × Feyerverk), 72-24, 72-71 (Privlekatelnaya × Bylinnaya), 65-17, 65-24 (Olimpiyskaya nadezhda × Bylinnaya), which allows them to be used in breeding for resistance to P. fragariae var. fragariae as valuable initial forms.

A Method for Processing Digital Images of Colorimetric Biochipes for Quantitative Determination for Bacterial Antibiotic Resistance

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 123-131
Author(s):  
G.V. Presnova ◽  
V.G. Grigorenko ◽  
M.M. Ulyashova ◽  
М.Yu. Rubtsova
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Nucleic Acids ◽  
Quantitative Determination ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Molecular Genetic Analysis ◽  
Beta Lactamases ◽  
The Government

Abstract-Molecular genetic analysis methods based on the technology of colorimetric biochip have shown their effectiveness in identifying antibiotic resistance genes in bacteria. For the quantitative determination of nucleic acids, a comparative study of methods for converting digital color images of biochips into monochrome black-and-white versions using RGB and CMYK color models has been carried out. A 19-mer single-stranded oligonucleotide and two model mRNAs corresponding to the genes of two types of clinically relevant beta-lactamases (CTX-M and NDM) were studied as objects. The widest range of staining intensity and the best analytical characteristics for the determination of all types of studied nucleic acids were obtained using the red channel of the RGB color model. The detection limits were 0.10 ± 0.02 pmol/μl for the 19-mer oligonucleotide, and 3.0 ± 0.2 amol/μl and 8.0 ± 0.6 amol/μl for mRNA of beta-lactamases CTX-M-116 and NDM-1, respectively. The developed method can be used for the quantitative determination of expressing antibiotic resistance genes in bacteria with multiple resistance to antimicrobial drugs. Key words: colorimetric biochips, hybridization analysis, DNA, mRNA, antibiotic resistance, beta-lactamases The work was supported by the Government Program of the Lomonosov Moscow State University (АААА-А21-121011290089-4).

scholarly journals MOLECULAR-GENETIC ANALYSIS OF STRAWBERRY VARIETIES AND FORMS ON RPF1 RED STELE ROOT ROT AND RCA2 ANTHRACNOSE RESISTANCE GENES

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (60) ◽  
pp. 31-40
Author(s):  
Alexandr Sergeyevich Lyzhin ◽  
◽  
Irina Vasilievna Luk’yanchuk ◽  
Yekaterina Viktorovna Zhbanova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Molecular Genetic Analysis ◽  
Anthracnose Resistance ◽  
Red Stele

scholarly journals Urban Aquatic Ecosystems as a Factor of the Spread of Antibiotic Resistant Microorganisms and Resistance Genes

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Marianna Savenko ◽  
Maryna Kryvtsova
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Aquatic Ecosystems ◽  
Natural Waters ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Molecular Genetic Analysis ◽  
Fourth Generation ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Carpathian Region ◽  
High Level

Abstract In this work, studies have been conducted to detect antibiotic resistance microorganisms and resistance genes in the natural waters of the Uzh River, which flows in the Carpathian region (Ukraine) and flows into the Laborec River in the territory of Slovakia. Among the most common microorganisms of the Uzh River, there has been a high level of resistance to tetracyclines, β-lactams, and antibiotics of the last line of defence (carbapenems, fourth-generation fluoroquinolones). The results of molecular genetic analysis indicate the presence of resistance genes bla tet-M, bla CTX-M, bla TEM, and bla KPC in microorganisms of the Enterobacteriaceae family.

scholarly journals Marker-Assisted Gene Pyramiding and the Reliability of Using SNP Markers Located in the Recombination Suppressed Regions of Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)

Genes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Lili Qi ◽  
Guojia Ma
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Rust Resistance ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Durable Resistance ◽  
Gene Pyramiding ◽  
Snp Markers ◽  
Chromosome 1 ◽  
Marker Selection ◽  
Rust Resistance Genes

Rust caused by the fungus Puccinia helianthi and downy mildew (DM) caused by the obligate pathogen Plasmopara halstedii are two of the most globally important sunflower diseases. Resistance to rust and DM is controlled by race-specific single dominant genes. The present study aimed at pyramiding rust resistance genes combined with a DM resistance gene, using molecular markers. Four rust resistant lines, HA-R3 (carrying the R4 gene), HA-R2 (R5), HA-R8 (R15), and RHA 397 (R13b), were each crossed with a common line, RHA 464, carrying a rust gene R12 and a DM gene PlArg. An additional cross was made between HA-R8 and RHA 397. Co-dominant simple sequence repeat (SSR) and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers linked to the target genes were used to discriminate between homozygotes and heterozygotes in F2 populations. Five pyramids with different combinations of rust resistance genes were selected in the homozygous condition through marker-assisted selection, and three of them were combined with a DM resistance gene PlArg: R4/R12/PlArg, R5/R12/PlArg, R13b/R12/PlArg, R15/R12, and R13b/R15. The pyramiding lines with the stacking of two rust and one DM genes were resistant to all known races of North American sunflower rust and all known races of the pathogen causing DM, potentially providing multiple and durable resistance to both rust and DM. A cluster of 12 SNP markers spanning a region of 34.5 Mb on chromosome 1, which co-segregate with PlArg, were tested in four populations. Use of those markers, located in a recombination suppressed region in marker selection, is discussed.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document