scholarly journals Growth of Scots pine plus trees clones, selected by resin productivity in Nizhny Novgorod region

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 5-14
Author(s):  
N.N. Besschetnova ◽  
◽  
V.P. Besschetnov ◽  
A.N. Gorelov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scots Pine ◽  
First Order ◽  
Plus Tree ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Lateral Branches ◽  
Clonal Composition ◽  
Degree Of Similarity ◽  
Nizhny Novgorod Region

The taxational indicators of clones of plus trees of Scots pine, selected by resin productivity, were studied in comparison with similar characteristics of plants, selected by linear parameters of the trunk. They are represented They are presented in the assortment of the forest seed plantation No. 10 in the Semenovsky forestry of the Nizhny Novgorod region, created in 1984 on a plot with the type of forest growing conditions — B2, and the type of forest — maynikovo-lingonberry pine. In the organization of the work, the principle of the only logical difference was observed, as well as the requirements for the typicality, suitability and expediency of the experience. As a test marker for checking the purity of the clonal composition of the plantation, the value of the angle of attachment of the first-order lateral branches to the trunk was used. The height and diameter of the trunk are taken into account in 571 trees with a continuous list. The distribution of the average values of the analyzed indicators in the vegetative offspring of plus trees compared with each other is not uniform. The highest height (16,70 ± 0,43 m) observed in clones of the K-011 plus tree selected by resin productivity is 2,65 m or 1,19 times higher than the lowest value (14,05 ± 0,44 m) inherent in clones of the K-113 plus tree selected by the same criteria, and 2,02 m or 1,14 times higher than the lowest value (14,23 ± 0,31 m) inherent in clones of the K-171 plus tree selected by the same criteria taxational indicators of the trunk. Differences in the taxational indicators of clones in the group of plus trees distinguished by resin productivity, as well as in the group of trunks distinguished by characteristics, correspond to the level of significant ones, which indicates the specificity of their genotypes. The degree of similarity of the plus trees in terms of trunk parameters is not the same, which indicates a different level of individual non-identity of each of the plus trees in relation to the others in their considered population.

Panicle, spikelet, and floret development in orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata)

1993 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 523-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Fraser ◽  
Eric G. Kokko
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Unique Feature ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata ◽  
Bilateral Symmetry ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Third Order ◽  
First Order ◽  
Lateral Branches ◽  
Scanning Electron

The initial stages of panicle, spikelet, and floret development in field-grown 'Kay' orchardgrass were examined using scanning electron microscopy. Spikelets arose from a complex multilevelled sequence of initiation from branch apices. Spikelets developed indirectly in a two-tiered progression: (i) an acropetal and basipetal sequence of first order, second-order, and third-order inflorescence apices, and (ii) an acropetal development within subclusters of higher-order lateral branch inflorescence apices. The panicle had the unique feature of dorsiventrality as well as bilateral symmetry. The basal apex from first-order, second-order, or third-order apices developed on the same side of the main axis as the first-order apex. The two glumes subtending each spikelet primordium developed alternately and acropetally. Development and initiation of florets within spikelets was basipetal within the panicle, basipetal within clusters and subclusters of spikelets on lateral branches, and acropetal within spikelets. Within florets, paleas developed later than lemmas. Key words: Dactylis glomerata, cocksfoot, scanning electron microscopy, development, panicle.

Comparison of Gremmeniellaahietina historical damage to Scots pines

1995 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1503-1508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juha A. Kaitera ◽  
Risto E. Jalkanen
Keyword(s):  
Scots Pine ◽  
First Order ◽  
History Of ◽  
Low Levels

Fifteen Scots pine (Pinussylvestris L.) trees that were slightly, moderately, or severely damaged by Gremmeniellaabietina (Lagerb.) Morelet were felled in northern Finland to determine the disease history of the stand. The annual level of damage was determined by counting the scars and cankers on all the first-order branches. Annual branch leader changes (dead shoots), branch mortality, and attacks caused by shoot beetles, Tomicus spp., were also determined. Most of the G. abietina damage occurred in the middle and late 1980s. However, the damage occurred at low levels in the stand as early as in the 1940s, demonstrating that the history of the disease followed the established pattern noticed earlier in eastern Lapland. For slightly damaged trees, most damage occurred in the mid-1980s, while for their severely damaged counterparts most damage occurred in the late 1980s.

Melvillipteris quadriseriatagen. et sp. nov., a new plant assigned to Rhacophytales from the Upper Devonian (Famennian) of Arctic Canada

2015 ◽  
Vol 153 (4) ◽  
pp. 601-617 ◽  
Author(s):  
JIN-ZHUANG XUE ◽  
JAMES F. BASINGER
Keyword(s):  
Adventitious Roots ◽  
Canadian Arctic ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Upper Devonian ◽  
Late Devonian ◽  
Canadian Arctic Archipelago ◽  
Branching Pattern ◽  
First Order ◽  
Branching System ◽  
Lateral Branches

AbstractA new plant of Late Devonian (Famennian) age,Melvillipteris quadriseriatagen. et sp. nov., is reported from Melville Island, Nunavut, Canadian Arctic Archipelago. Main axes and two orders of lateral branches are recognized. The main axes are monopodial in habit, with a zigzag and/or upright appearance and dense adventitious roots attached on some internodes. First-order branches are inserted on the main axes in distichous pairs, showing a quadriseriate pattern (i.e. alternate pairs); they bear one or two sterile ultimate appendages on the proximal portions, and then distally bear alternate second-order branches. Second-order branches bear alternate ultimate appendages which may be fertile or sterile; the sterile ultimate appendages are composed of one or two successive dichotomies, terminating in oppositely recurved tips, and fertile appendages show an elaborate branching system. Each fertile appendage has an initial dichotomy forming two sister branches, each of which further divides three or four times to produce ultimate divisions terminated by sporangia. Two to four small fusiform sporangia are grouped in a truss which is supplied by penultimate division of the fertile appendage. The sporangia have a pointed tip and a longitudinal dehiscence. This new plant resembles other plants with a quadriseriate branching pattern (e.g.RhacophytonCrépin,CephalopterisNathorst,ProtocephalopterisAnaniev,EllesmerisHill, Scheckler & Basinger andProtopteridophytonLi & Hsü), and is assigned to the Rhacophytales. Its similarity to and divergence from the rhacophytaleans, cladoxylopsids and other related plants are discussed.

The pattern of vascular deployment near the pulvinus of the solar-tracking leaf of Lavatera cretica (Malvaceae)

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (10) ◽  
pp. 2109-2117 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. J. F. Fisher ◽  
D. L. Ehret ◽  
J. Hollingdale
Keyword(s):  
Outer Cylinder ◽  
Vascular Pattern ◽  
First Order ◽  
Flexible Tube ◽  
Solar Tracking ◽  
Tracking Movements ◽  
Lateral Branches ◽  
Subsequent Splitting ◽  
Coaxial Tube

Distinguishable files of xylem and phloem elements that originate in first-order branches of the seven palmate major veins of Lavatera cretica leaves become separated from files unique to the radially aligned sections of the same veins before entering the pulvinus at the distal end of the petiole. The major veins initially merge to form a double coaxial tube: the outer cylinder comprises files unique to the major veins and the inner cylinder comprises files from lateral branches. Subsequent splitting, unfolding, and recombining of these cylinders results in the single narrow flexible tube constituting the hinge of the pulvinus. Proximal to this point, in L. cretica, the files reseparate into six alternately large and small petiolar bundles. The observed vascular pattern offers a means whereby signals from the lamina that elicit sun-tracking movements by the pulvinus can be integrated.

scholarly journals GENETIC DYNAMICS OF CONIFEROUS INTRODUCENTS IN THE CONDITIONS OF A FOOTHILL DESERT-STEPPE ZONE IN THE SOUTH OF KAZAKHSTAN

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 1204-1209
Author(s):  
Dani N. Sarsekova
Keyword(s):  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Desert Steppe ◽  
The South ◽  
First Order ◽  
Pine Trees ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Yellow Pine ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors ◽  
Lateral Branches

Forest breeding should be produced not only by the representatives of the local flora, which is not very diverse in some areas of the Republic of Kazakhstan, but by species and forms of trees growing in temperate zones of the worldwide. In particular, this refers to arboretums located in the conditions significantly different from the place of natural growth of the introduced species. One of this arboretum is the JSC "Forest nursery" of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan which is located in the South-East of the republic.The aim of this study was to study the ecological and genetic variability of coniferous introducents in the foothill desert-steppe zone and to determine the share of genetic and environmental factors. The variability and the relative stability of the expression of the quantitative trait in ontogenesis, which characterizes the species adaptation to the new conditions in 9 Yellow pine trunks, Crimean pine trunks and Scots pine trees, 7 Blue spruce trees and the same number of trees in European spruce, in which annual increments of the height of one morphological Location.Beginning with the growth of 2014 and then sequentially down the trunk, so long as lateral branches of the first order in whorls were preserved or traces were observed in a good way. Thus, the value of the mean squares differs significantly in the increments of a single morphological location and in the increments of tree groups, in the introductions species and in the periods of their life. Therefore we are allowed to conclude that there are still some parts and interference in the estimation of the ecological, genotypic and phenotypic dispersions that have different values and are manifested to a greater extent, or in the analysis of increments of tree groups, or increments of one morphological location, that is, they change the cause of their display.

scholarly journals Connection between the percentage of late wood and wood density in Scots pine from the southern taiga zone of the European part of Russia

10.12737/3340 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-26
Author(s):  
Киселева ◽  
Aleksandra Kiseleva ◽  
Хван ◽  
Yuriy Khvan
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Southern Taiga ◽  
European Part ◽  
Pine Forest ◽  
Taiga Zone ◽  
Late Wood ◽  
European Part Of Russia ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Southern Taiga Zone

There is a relationship between the properties of wood. Percentage of late wood – wood macrostructure characterization is a definite relation to density. This relationship varies slightly depending on the species and environmental factors. Establishment of interrelation of these parameters for wood from different regions and growing conditions, will more accurately judge the quality indicators of wood in specific circumstances. The studies were conducted with a timber of Scots pine growing in the Vologda region. In Ustyuzhansky Forestry two sites differing in conditions of growth are selected - lichen pine forest and blueberry and cranberry pine forest.

CO2 Efflux from the Stem Surface of Scots Pine under Various Growing Conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 417-426
Author(s):  
A. G. Molchanov ◽  
A. V. Olchev
Keyword(s):  
Scots Pine ◽  
Co2 Efflux ◽  
Growing Conditions

The architectural significance of interfoliar branches in Pinus subsection Balfourianae

1987 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 269-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristina F. Connor ◽  
Ronald M. Lanner
Keyword(s):  
Great Basin ◽  
Rocky Mountain ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
First Order ◽  
Bristlecone Pine ◽  
Foxtail Pine ◽  
Architectural Significance ◽  
Lateral Branches

In pines, branches of interfoliar origin (IFBs) often occur in response to injury. However, in all three species of Pinus subsection Balfourianae we observed in Utah, Nevada, and California, IFBs are common and of nontraumatic origin. They comprise 41 and 51% of the first-order branches in foxtail pine (Pinusbalfouriana Grev. & Balf.) and Great Basin bristlecone pine (P. longaeva D. K. Bailey), respectively. Second-order IFBs are frequent in Rocky Mountain bristlecone pine (P. aristata Engelm.) (45%) and Great Basin bristlecone pine (47%). All species of subsection Balfourianae produce exceptionally low numbers of long-shoot lateral branches (LSLBs). Growth and morphological data suggest that the IFBs function similarly to LSLBs.

Syllepsis in Larixlaricina: association of sylleptic branching with cross-sectional stem growth and stem form of saplings

1987 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. 1609-1619 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. D. McCurdy ◽  
G. R. Powell
Keyword(s):  
Growth Increment ◽  
Stem Growth ◽  
Main Stem ◽  
Stem Form ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Long Shoots ◽  
Plus Tree ◽  
Stem Development ◽  
Lateral Branches

The effect of sylleptic branching on past stem growth of 8-year-old Larixlaricina (Du Roi) K. Koch saplings was investigated in relation to the lengths of long shoots borne on sylleptically and proleptically originated lateral branches over a 4-year period. Over time, the sylleptic crown component accounted for increasing proportions of the total crowns of saplings exhibiting syllepsis. The total length of all long shoots in the crown increased linearly from lightly to heavily sylleptic saplings. However, groups of branches of sylleptic origin declined in average shoot vigour more rapidly than did groups of branches of proleptic origin in the same height-growth increment. Annual wood ring production and total stem cross-sectional areas at various positions along the main stem were positively correlated with the proleptic, sylleptic, and total branching components occurring above those positions. Wood production along the stem was greater, more uniform and the resultant stem more conical in heavily sylleptic saplings than in lightly sylleptic saplings. The role of syllepsis in crown and main stem development was discussed in relation to plus-tree selection for tree improvement purposes.

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