scholarly journals Work with citizens on preventing forest fires

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 59-68
Author(s):  
L.N. Berdnikova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Fires ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Demographic Analysis ◽  
Place Of Residence ◽  
Direct Participation ◽  
Timber Products

A socio-demographic analysis of the main goals of visiting forests located near settlements by the Krasnoyarsk citizens has been carried out. The data on the division of the forest fires classified by age, gender and place of residence are presented. The ratio of citizens who prefer this type of recreation and those who go to the forest for the purpose of harvesting forest non-timber products has been determined. A classification of the population has been developed for settlements of different numbers of inhabitants. Information has been collected on local social groups of the population in order to involve them in forest fires not only for direct participation, but also for carrying out fire-preventive measures.

scholarly journals A weather regime characterisation of winter biomass aerosol transport from southern Africa

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Gaetani ◽  
Benjamin Pohl ◽  
Maria del Carmen Alvarez Castro ◽  
Cyrille Flamant ◽  
Paola Formenti
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Southern Africa ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
South Atlantic ◽  
Austral Winter ◽  
The South ◽  
Predictive Tool ◽  
Weather Regime ◽  
Synoptic Variability

Abstract. During austral winter, a compact low cloud deck over South Atlantic contrasts with clear sky over southern Africa, where forest fires triggered by dry conditions emit large amount of biomass burning aerosols (BBA) in the free troposphere. Most of the BBA burden crosses South Atlantic embedded in the tropical easterly flow. However, midlatitude synoptic disturbances can deflect part of the aerosol from the main transport path towards southern extratropics. In this study, a characterisation of the synoptic variability controlling the spatial distribution of BBA in southern Africa and South Atlantic during austral winter (August to October) is presented. By analysing atmospheric circulation data from reanalysis products, a 6-class weather regime (WR) classification of the region is constructed. The classification reveals that the synoptic variability is composed by four WRs representing disturbances travelling at midlatitudes, and two WRs accounting for pressure anomalies in the South Atlantic. The WR classification is then successfully used to characterise the aerosol spatial distribution in the region in the period 2003–2017, in both reanalysis products and station data. Results show that the BBA transport towards southern extratropics is controlled by weather regimes associated with midlatitude synoptic disturbances. In particular, depending on the relative position of the pressure anomalies along the midlatitude westerly flow, the BBA transport is deflected from the main tropical route towards southern Africa or the South Atlantic. This paper presents the first objective classification of the winter synoptic circulation over South Atlantic and southern Africa. The classification shows skills in characterising the BBA transport, indicating the potential for using it as a diagnostic/predictive tool for aerosol dynamics, which is a key component for the full understanding and modelling of the complex radiation-aerosol-cloud interactions controlling the atmospheric radiative budget in the region.

EVALUATION OF THE PHENOMENON OF SPATIAL SEGREGATION IN LVIV. HISTORICAL ASPECT

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-83
Author(s):  
Senkiv Z ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Groups ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
Spatial Segregation ◽  
Social Categories ◽  
Historical Aspect ◽  
Historical Aspects ◽  
Original Meaning ◽  
The Social ◽  
The City

The article attempts to outline the phenomenon of spatial segregation in Lviv. It highlights the historical aspects of this phenomenon, and their impact on the current situation. Also is outlined the own classification of the social groups which have developed at present city is considering the degree of their mutual isolation. It was found that in the historical aspect of spatial segregation in Lviv can be divided into three periods: - medieval (when it was discriminatory), Soviet (when it was a privilege marking of politically "trustworthy"), and modern (associated with property stratification). Each of these segregation stages has left its mark on the spatial character of the city, albeit to varying degrees. Thus, the medieval discriminatory segregation of space is now practically inactive; the Soviet partially changed its direction and lost its original meaning, the modern one is at the stage of active development and deepening. Eight social categories have been identified in modern Lviv, in relation to which the process of spatial segregation is taking place. Accordingly, an assessment of the phenomenon of spatial segregation is given, which should take into account the following factors: a) the frequency of intersection of social groups of different categories; b) the place where this intersection takes place (for example citywide holidays); c) territorial distribution of spatially segregated groups. Preliminarily assessed the isolation level of different social groups, which also has a urban dimension.

scholarly journals Assessing Landscape Fire Hazard by Multitemporal Automatic Classification of Landsat Time Series Using the Google Earth Engine in West-Central Spain

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Quintero ◽  
Olga Viedma ◽  
Itziar R. Urbieta ◽  
José M. Moreno
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
Fire Hazard ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Google Earth ◽  
Burned Area ◽  
Change Metrics ◽  
Google Earth Engine ◽  
The Stability

Annual Land Use and Land Cover (LULC) maps are needed to identify the interaction between landscape changes and wildland fires. Objectives: In this work, we determined fire hazard changes in a representative Mediterranean landscape through the classification of annual LULC types and fire perimeters, using a dense Landsat Time Series (LTS) during the 1984–2017 period, and MODIS images. Methods: We implemented a semiautomatic process in the Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform to generate annual imagery free of clouds, cloud shadows, and gaps. We compared LandTrendr (LT) and FormaTrend (FT) algorithms that are widely used in LTS analysis to extract the pixel tendencies and, consequently, assess LULC changes and disturbances such as forest fires. These algorithms allowed us to generate the following change metrics: type, magnitude, direction, and duration of change, as well as the prechange spectral values. Results and conclusions: Our results showed that the FT algorithm was better than the LT algorithm at detecting low-severity changes caused by fires. Likewise, the use of the change metrics’ type, magnitude, and direction of change increased the accuracy of the LULC maps by 4% relative to the ones obtained using only spectral and topographic variables. The most significant hazardous LULC change processes observed were: deforestation and degradation (mainly by fires), encroachment (i.e., invasion by shrublands) due to agriculture abandonment and forest fires, and hazardous densification (from open forests and agroforestry areas). Although the total burned area has decreased significantly since 1985, the landscape fire hazard has increased since the second half of the twentieth century. Therefore, it is necessary to implement fire management plans focused on the sustainable use of shrublands and conifer forests; this is because the stability in these hazardous vegetation types is translated into increasing fuel loads, and thus an elevated landscape fire hazard.

An overview of occupational hazards in dental practice and preventive measures

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-25
Author(s):  
Naveen Shamnur ◽  
D.S Poorya Naik ◽  
S Chetan ◽  
B.R Gopal Krishna.
Keyword(s):  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Professional Organizations ◽  
Occupational Hazards ◽  
Dental Practice ◽  
Dental Office ◽  
Tooth Preparation ◽  
Developing Area ◽  
Area X

Abstract The purpose of this article is to review the occupational hazards related to the practice of Dentistry. The classification of hazards is based on major sources of risk by system or tissue and by dental office area (dental chair, laboratory, sterilization area, x-ray developing area). Potentially hazardous factors relate to the general practice setting; to specific materials and tools that expose the operator to vision and hearing risks; to chemical substances with known allergenic, toxic, or irritating actions; to increased microbial counts and silica particles of the aerosols produced during tooth preparation, removal of restorations; to ergonomic considerations that might have an impact on the provider's musculoskeletal system; and to psychological stress with proven undesirable sequalae. The identification and elimination of these risk factors should be incorporated into a standard practice management program as an integral part of dental education. Professional organizations can also assist in informing practitioners of potential hazards and methods to deal with them. How to cite this article Poorya Naik DS, Chetan S, Gopal Krishna BR, Naveen S. An overview of occupational hazards in dental practice and preventive measures. CODS J Dent 2014;6;19-25

Topónimos coras

Tlalocan ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugen Casad
Keyword(s):  
Social Groups ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Spanish Translation ◽  
Introductory Material

In this introductory material, Casad notes that Cora toponyms are well-rooted grammatically in the language. His classification of the 130-odd terms collected is according to flora, bird names, animals and insects, body parts, mythology, social groups, unspecified geographical areas and miscellaneous. Each term is analyzed acording to morphemes, and both a literal Spanish translation and the term used by mestizos for the place are given. He also includes information on the formation of other locatives and names for inhabitants.

Studies of Expertise and Experience: A Sociological Perspective on Expertise

2019 ◽  
pp. 84-102
Author(s):  
Harry Collins ◽  
Robert Evans
Keyword(s):  
Science Studies ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Research Programme ◽  
Third Wave ◽  
New Classification ◽  
Imitation Game ◽  
Interactional Expertise ◽  
New Research

The research programme known as Studies of Expertise and Experience (SEE), often referred to as the “Third Wave of Science Studies,” treats expertise as real and as the property of social groups. This chapter explains the foundations of SEE and sets out the theoretical and methodological innovations created using this approach. These include the development of a new classification of expertise, which identifies a new kind of expertise called “interactional expertise,” and the creation of a new research method known as the Imitation Game designed to explore the content and distribution of interactional expertise. It concludes by showing how SEE illuminates a number of contemporary issues such as the challenges of interdisciplinary working and the role of experts in a “post-truth” society.

The Analysis on the Source and Preventive Measures of Supply Chain Risk

2011 ◽  
Vol 271-273 ◽  
pp. 689-692 ◽  
Author(s):  
Na Han ◽  
Jing Ru Wu
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Supply Chain ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Supply Chain Risk Management ◽  
Supply Chain Risk ◽  
Competition And Cooperation

Under the condition of competition and cooperation allying type between enterprises promotes the formation of supply chain. Due to a large quantity of uncertain factors the supply chain will be interrupted provided some risk appears, which shows the vulnerability of the whole supply chain, and all risks of supply chain occur hereby. Firstly, the paper makes the definition on supply chain risk and supply chain risk management and sums up the classification of the risks that the supply chain faces according to the risks source. At last, based on the above the paper discusses the protection measurement of supply chain risk.

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