scholarly journals Effect of Farming Condition on Postnatal Growth and Development of Lymphoid Organs and Tissues in Deshi Chicken (Gallus domesticus) of Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahriar Hasan Sohel ◽  
Abdullah Al Faruq ◽  
Mohammad Shahjalal ◽  
Mohammad Lutfur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Postnatal Growth ◽  
Gallus Domesticus ◽  
Lymphoid Organs ◽  
Image Measurement ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Intensive Farming ◽  
Measurement Software

Total 40 non-descriptive deshi chickens were reared in scavenging and intensive farming system (20 for each) from day 1 to 180. Gross examinations of different lymphoid organs and tissues were performed at D1, D30, D90 and D180 for both types of chickens. Tissue samples were stained with H andE stain and AmScope image measurement software was used for histomorphometry. Gross and histomorphometrical parameters of thymus, spleen and cecal tonsils gradually increased significantly (P£0.05) with the advancement of ages from D1 to D180 in both scavenging Deshi chickens (SDC) and captive Deshi chickens (CDC). Gross and histomorphometrical parameters of bursa increased up to D90 and thereafter decreased indicating the involution of bursa by D180. The gross and histomorphometrical parameters of bursa, thymus, spleen and cecal tonsils were significantly (P£0.05) higher in all age groups of CDC (except D1 chicks) as compared with SDC, owing to the different patterns of rearing system.

scholarly journals GASTROINTESTINAL PARASITE INFECTION ON BALI CATTLE RAISED IN SEMI-INTENSIVE FARMING SYSTEM IN DOMPU, SUMBAWA ISLAND: A PRELIMINARY STUDY

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Made Sriasih ◽  
Oscar Yanuarianto ◽  
Dahlanuddin Dahlanuddin ◽  
William Ernest Pomroy
Keyword(s):  
Control Strategies ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Parasite Infection ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Intensive Farming ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Farmer Groups ◽  
Bali Cattle

To date, there are very few studies have been carried out on the effect of parasite infection on Bali cattle, and more importantly, there is no published data on the epidemiology of worm infections on Bali cattle in the island of Sumbawa, Indonesia. This research aimed to undertake a preliminary study on gastrointestinal (GI) parasitic infection on Bali cattle raised under semi-intensive farming system in five different sites in district of Dompu, Sumbawa island. Fecal samples of 76 Bali cattle, from three farmer groups namely site number 1, 4 and 5, were collected, processed and examined under a microscope, with 100x magnification, for egg fecal counting or oocyst fecal counting using the modified McMaster technique. The number of eggs/oocysts observed was then determined and identified. The results show that the eggs/oocysts ranged from 50-14800. The types of GI parasites identified were Strongyloides sp, Strongyle sp, Toxocara sp, Trichuris sp, and Coccidia. Coccidia oocyst is a type of parasite which was found with the highest percentage of 23.68% followed by Strongyle sp. (18.42%) and Toxocara sp. (10.52%). The overall prevalence of GI parasitic infection in cattle accounted for 43.42%. Young calves (0-3 months old) was more susceptible to GI parasitic infection among other age groups. This preliminary data could be used as a basic data on gastrointestinal parasitic infection in Dompu district. These results may also indicate the need to develop control strategies aiming at lowering the gastrointestinal parasitism.

scholarly journals STUDY ON POSTNATAL GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF CROP AND PROVENTRICULUS OF DIGESTIVE TRACT OF BROILER

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-11
Author(s):  
K. Akter ◽  
M. T. Mussa ◽  
M. A. Sayeed ◽  
M. A. Hai ◽  
M. M. Uddin
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Histological Study ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Postnatal Growth ◽  
Columnar Epithelium ◽  
Loose Connective Tissue ◽  
Tunica Muscularis

The experiment was carried out to investigate postnatal growth and development of crop and proventriculus of digestive tract of broiler. Total 45 (“Cobb-500”) chickens of three age groups like day 1(D1), day14 (D14), day 28 (D28) were used each group containing fifteen chickens. All birds were slaughtered after respective days then crop and proventriculus were collected. Total length, diameter and weight were determined by “slide calipers” and electronic balance. Then the samples were processed and stained with H and E stain for histological study. The length (cm), diameter (cm) and weight (gm) of crop and proventriculus were increased gradually with the age where highest at 28 and lowest at day 1. Number of mucosal folds of crop was highest at 1 and lowest at day 28. The keratinized stratified squamous epithelium of crop was thickest at day 28. Submucosa contains thin loose connective tissue. Tunica muscularis contains thick inner circular and thinner outer longitudinal smooth muscle and externally covered by adventitia. The mucosa of the proventriculus has macroscopic papillae with numerous folds and lined by simple columnar epithelium. Submucosal glands are lined by simple cuboidal to low columnar epithelium. Lamina propria contains loose connective tissue and muscularis contains scattered bundles of smooth muscle. Tunica muscularis consists of smooth muscle and externally covered by serosa.

scholarly journals Distribution of Melanin Pigmentation in 33 Organs of Thai Black-Bone Chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus)

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 777
Author(s):  
Korakot Nganvongpanit ◽  
Piyatida Kaewkumpai ◽  
Varankpicha Kochagul ◽  
Kidsadagon Pringproa ◽  
Veerasak Punyapornwithaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gallus Gallus ◽  
Gallus Domesticus ◽  
Melanin Pigment ◽  
Gallus Gallus Domesticus ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Melanin Pigmentation ◽  
Chicken Breed ◽  
Brachial Vein ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Pigment Accumulation

The black-bone chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus) is a breed of chicken that is commonly found in Thailand. This breed is known for having a number of black colored organs. Consumers have been notably attracted to the black-bone chicken breed for the characteristic darkness that is observed in many of its organs. However, the degree of darkness in all organs of the black-bone chicken is still in question. Importantly, there have not yet been any published reports on the distribution of melanin pigment in the organs of the black-bone chicken. This research study aims to examine the distribution of the melanin pigment in 33 organs of the Thai black-bone chicken. Ten black-bone chickens (five male, five female) were included in this study. Thirty-two organs including the brain, spinal cord, sciatic nerve, larynx, trachea, syrinx, lungs, heart, pericardium, aorta, brachial vein, kidney, cloaca, oviduct, testis, gastrocnemius muscle, femur, tongue, esophagus, crop, proventriculus, gizzard, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, pancreas, liver, gall bladder, omentum, abdominal fat, spleen, and skin were examined in this study. Histological sections taken from tissue samples of each of these organs were studied. The findings revealed that the presence of the melanin pigment was not significantly different (p > 0.005) between male and female specimens. Notably, the liver was the only organ in which the melanin pigment had not accumulated. Consequently, there was not a uniform pattern of melanin pigment accumulation throughout the organs of the chickens. The melanin pigment was present in all of the tissue layers of most organs, while the melanin pigment was found in only specific layers of some of the organs. In conclusion, the distribution of melanin pigmentation in the organs of each of the animals in this study was found to be different. However, in some tissue samples, such as those obtained from the liver, no accumulation of the melanin pigment was observed.

Observations on the postnatal growth and development of captive Ethiopian hedgehogs, Paraechinus aethiopicus, in Qatar

Mammalia ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 80 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad A. Abu Baker ◽  
Ivan Mohedano ◽  
Nigel Reeve ◽  
Nobuyuki Yamaguchi
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Postnatal Growth

AbstractThe postnatal growth and development of the Ethiopian hedgehog (

Growth and development of the barren-ground caribou. II. Postnatal growth rates

1968 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 1023-1029 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. H. McEwan
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Growth Characteristic ◽  
Growth Curves ◽  
Postnatal Growth ◽  
Maintenance Costs ◽  
Cyclical Pattern ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
Growth Constants ◽  
Slow Growing

The growth curves of minimum body weights of fast-growing caribou reared in captivity and slow-growing wild caribou are compared. Captive animals exhibit a cyclical pattern of growth characteristic of other cervid species. The differences in the declining growth constants of wild caribou compared to captive caribou are attributed to environmental factors and activity, resulting in higher maintenance costs.

scholarly journals Biochar and zeolites did not improve phosphorus uptake or crop productivity in a field trial performed in an irrigated intensive farming system

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margarida Arrobas ◽  
João V. Decker ◽  
Bruna L. Feix ◽  
Wilson I. Godoy ◽  
Carlos A. Casali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Trial ◽  
Phosphorus Uptake ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Intensive Farming

scholarly journals Posterior cranial base natural growth and development: A systematic review

2017 ◽  
Vol 87 (6) ◽  
pp. 897-910 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kris Currie ◽  
Dena Sawchuk ◽  
Humam Saltaji ◽  
Heesoo Oh ◽  
Carlos Flores-Mir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Sella Turcica ◽  
Dimensional Change ◽  
Cranial Base ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Craniofacial Growth ◽  
Multiple Time ◽  
Natural Growth ◽  
Cross Sectional

ABSTRACT Objective: To provide a synthesis of the published studies evaluating the natural growth and development of the human posterior cranial base (S-Ba). Materials and Methods: The search was performed on MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed, and all EBM Reviews electronic databases. In addition, reference lists of the included studies were hand-searched. Articles were included if they analyzed posterior cranial-base growth in humans specifically. Study selection, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment were completed in duplicate. A meta-analysis was not justified. Results: Finally, 23 published studies were selected: 5 cross-sectional and 18 cohort studies. Articles were published between 1955 and 2015, and all were published in English. The sample sizes varied between 20 and 397 individuals and consisted of craniofacial measurements from either living or deceased human skulls. Validity of the measurements was not determined in any of the studies, while six papers reported some form of reliability assessment. All the articles included multiple time points within the same population or data from multiple age groups. Growth of S-Ba was generally agreed to be from spheno-occipital synchondrosis growth. Basion displaced downward and backward and sella turcica moved downward and backward during craniofacial growth. Timing of cessation of S-Ba growth was not conclusive due to limited identified evidence. Conclusions: Current evidence suggests that S-Ba is not totally stable, as its dimensions change throughout craniofacial growth and a minor dimensional change is observed even in late adulthood.

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