Response of Ultrasound Therapy and Shortwave Diathermy on Oxidative Stress Parameters and Serum β-endorphins in Dogs Suffering from Hind Quarter Weakness

Background: Hind quarter weakness (HQW) is the loss of bilateral motor function of the rear limbs due to dysfunction of neural or muscular system. Animals are mostly presented with focal or generalized pain, varying degrees of paresis, paralysis and inability to urinate. Serum β- endorphin is an endogenous hormone released during stressful and painful events and functions almost exclusively in an inhibitory fashion. Moreover, electrical stimulation has been demonstrated to release endorphins at low frequencies. Methods: The present study was conducted to investigate the possible participation of endogenous opioid i.e. Serum β - endorphins and oxidative stress parameters in pain modulation and its variation in dogs suffering from hind quarter weakness subjected to ultrasound therapy and shortwave diathermy. Dogs were treated using therapeutic ultrasound (group I, n=6) and shortwave diathermy (group II, n=6) in combination with supportive drug therapy continued regularly for one week. Blood was collected on day 0, 3rd and 7th for oxidative stress estimation and regularly from the day of presentation till 7th day of treatment for serum β-endorphin estimation. Result: LPO values decreased significantly (P less than 0.05) from day 0 to 3 in group I and from day 0 to 7 in group II. SOD values showed a significant (P less than 0.05) decrease between day 0 and 7 in group II cases. A continuous progressive increasing trend in GSH was noticed which was significant (P less than 0.05) from day 3 to 7 in both groups. CAT values showed a significant (P less than 0.05) increase from day 0 to 7 in group II and non-significant (P less than 0.05) increase in group I. Serum β-endorphin values showed a significant (P less than 0.05) increase from day 4th to 6th in group I and between day 0, 1st, 3rd and 5th in group II. The variation in values throughout the treatment was suggestive of reduction in stress response and indicates improvement in dogs suffering from HQW.

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Amelioration of Oxidative Stress Through Supplementation of Self- formulated Anti-oxidant Mixture for Early Recovery and Prophylaxis of Bovine Mastitis in Kashmir Valley

Indian Journal of Animal Research ◽

10.18805/ijar.b-4339 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

A. Muhee ◽

H.U. Malik ◽

R.A. Bhat ◽

Z.A. Akhoon ◽

Adil Mehraj Khan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Bovine Mastitis ◽

Clinical Mastitis ◽

Kashmir Valley ◽

Trace Mineral ◽

Oxidative Stress Parameters ◽

Group I ◽

Anti Oxidant ◽

Group Ii ◽

Stress Parameters

Background: During lactation, mammary epithelial cells exhibit a high metabolic rate and thus produce large amounts of ROS and lipid peroxides in vivo (Jin et al. 2014; Ganguly et al., 2016). A surplus of ROS and the absence of optimal amounts of antioxidants (which neutralize these free radicals or ROS) results in oxidative stress (Lykkesfeldt and Svendsen, 2007). A clinical study was undertaken on Bovine Mastitis in Kashmir valley to study the relation between oxidative stress and clinical mastitis. An attempt was also made to see the effect of supplementation of self-formulated anti-oxidant trace mineral mixture on recovery and prophylaxis of Bovine mastitis through amelioration of oxidative stress.Methods: The oxidative stress was assessed through estimation of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, reduced glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO). In addition, blood trace mineral status for copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn) and selenium (Se) were also assessed in mastitic animals and compared with normal healthy lactating animals. The utility of anti-oxidants in clinical management of mastitis was measured through response to treatment with trace minerals like Cu, Zn, Mn and Se in addition to conventional antibiotic therapy. Two groups of mastitic animals received two therapeutic regimens. Group I animals received antibiotics and self formulated anti-oxidant mixture at therapeutic doses while as Group II animals received only antibiotics (at same dose rate and frequency). Clinical recovery was assessed on the basis of CMT point score, milk somatic cell count and milk biochemistry. For prophylactic study, forty recently parturated lactating animals having susceptibility to occurrence of mastitis were divided into two groups of twenty animals each. One group of animals was supplemented with self-formulated anti-oxidant mixture at prophylactic doses for a period of thirty days so as to see the effect of supplementation on oxidative stress parameters and occurrence of clinical mastitis.Result: A significant decrease was found in the values of SOD, catalase, GSH and Cu, Zn, Mn and Se but a significant increase was found in the values of MDA and NO in clinical cases of mastitis as compared to healthy control group. Therapeutic regimen I proved efficacious than the therapeutic regimen II in treatment of clinical mastitis with higher recovery rates and lesser number of mean days required for recovery in group I than group II animals. The efficacy of prophylactic treatment was monitored by occurrence of mastitis during the course of therapy and one month after therapy. Group I animals did not suffer from clinical mastitis and showed considerable improvement in oxidative stress parameters, milk SCC and blood trace mineral status as compared to group II.

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Delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase inhibition and oxidative stress in relation to blood lead among urban adolescents

Human & Experimental Toxicology ◽

10.1191/0960327106het657oa ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 25 (9) ◽

pp. 547-553 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

M Ahamed ◽

S Verma ◽

A Kumar ◽

M KJ Siddiqui

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Urban Adolescents ◽

Aminolevulinic Acid ◽

Blood Lead ◽

Mean Values ◽

Oxidative Stress Parameters ◽

Acid Dehydratase ◽

Group I ◽

Group Ii ◽

Stress Parameters

To explore lead-induced oxidative stress among urban adolescents, the present study, the first from India, was designed to determine the proportion of urban adolescents with blood lead > 10 μg/dL and its impact on selected oxidative stress parameters and delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (δ-ALAD) inhibition, which could be used as biomarkers of lead intoxication. A total of 39, urban, male adolescents, drawn from Lucknow and adjoining areas, were recruited to determine lead, d-ALAD, malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) in blood and catalase (CAT) in RBCs. Mean level of blood lead was 9.96 ± 3.63 μg/dL (4.62 - 18.64); 43% of adolescents crossed the Centre for Disease Control (CDC) intervention level of 10 mg/dL blood lead. On the basis of blood lead levels (BLLs), adolescents were categorized into two groups: Group I and Group II had a blood lead < 10 μg/dL (7.40 ± 1.62) and < 10 μg/dL (13.27 ± 2.67), respectively, with significantly different mean values (P < 0.001). Age, sex, body mass index (BMI), Hb level (malnutrition), and area of living as confounders of lead exposure and toxicity were not statistically different between the two groups. However, d-ALAD activity was significantly lower (P < 0.001), while CAT activity was higher in Group II than in Group I (P < 0.01). MDA level was also significantly higher in Group II compared to Group I (P < 0.001). There were significant negative correlation of BLL with d-ALAD (r = -0.592, P < 0.001), and positive correlations with CAT (r= -0.485, P < 0.01) and MDA (r = -0.717, P < 0.001). Interestingly, d-ALAD, in turn, had significant negative correlations with CAT (r = -0.456, P <0.01) and MDA (r = -0.507, P < 0.01). Results of the present pilot study provide clues to the possible low level of lead-induced oxidative stress in urban adolescents, suggesting that lead-induced d-ALAD inhibition can also be an indicator of oxidative stress. The potential of oxidative stress parameters to be used as biomarkers of lead toxicity warranted further investigation.

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Role of vitamin C against bifenthrin induced oxidative damage in lungs of Wistar rats

Journal of Applied and Natural Science ◽

10.31018/jans.v8i1.798 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 346-349

Author(s):

Muneer Ahmad Dar ◽

Rajinder Raina ◽

Arshad Hussain Mir ◽

Pawan Kumar Verma ◽

Mahrukh Ahmad

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Vitamin C ◽

Protective Role ◽

Group Iv ◽

Control Value ◽

Oxidative Stress Parameters ◽

Group I ◽

Stress Parameters

The aim of present study was to unravel the protective role of vitamin C on oxidative stress parameters in lung homogenates of bifenthrin intoxicated rats. Rats were divided into four groups. Group I served as control while group II animals were treated with bifenthrin @ 5.8mg/Kg/day. In group III, vitamin C was orally administered @ 60mg/Kg/day where as group IV received both vitamin C and bifenthrin @ 60mg/Kg/day and 5.8mg/Kg/day respectively. After 30th day of treatment, lung samples were taken and analysed for oxidative stress parameters. Significant (P<0.05) increase in lipid peroxidation was observed from control value of 4.80Â±0.39 to 7.90Â±0.50 in bifenthrin treated animals. Mean control values of SOD, GSH-Px and CAT were 0.55Â±0.05, 0.98Â±0.03 and 138.70Â±6.01 which were significantly (P<0.05) decreased to values of 0.27Â±0.0, 0.53Â±0.05 and 91.10Â±9.70 respectively in bifenthrin treated animals. The value of GST increased significantly (p<0.05) to 1.05Â±0.06 in bifenthrin administered animals from control value of 0.70Â±0.08. Pre-treatment with vitamin C in ameliorative group IV significantly restored the normal values of lipid peroxidation, SOD, GST and CAT but could not reverse the decreased values of GSH-Px. The present research is first of its type where in free radical generation due to bifenthrin â€“a commonly used insecticide was evaluated in lung homogenates when given orally which might be due to residues present in the lung. Besides it will be helpful in better understanding of toxicological profile of pyrethoids, the most commonly used insecticides.

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The Impact of Endometritis on Specific Oxidative Stress Parameters in Cows

Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society ◽

10.12681/jhvms.15610 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 68 (2) ◽

pp. 231

Author(s):

S. KAYA ◽

M. ÖĞÜN ◽

H. ÖZEN ◽

M. KURU ◽

L. ŞAHIN ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Control Group ◽

Group Iii ◽

Uterine Infection ◽

Oxidative Stress Parameters ◽

Group I ◽

Early Postpartum ◽

Total Antioxidant ◽

The Impact ◽

Stress Parameters

This study was aimed to investigate the presence of uterine infection and the relationship between the severity of uterine infection and some oxidative stress parameters in cows in early postpartum period. Sixty six cows that were in the period between the 30th and 32rd days of postpartum were included in the study. Endometrial inflammation was scored according to the condition of the uterus at rectal and ultrasonographic examinations and the character and amount of uterine discharge from endometritis I through III, the latest being the most severe. Endometrial samples were taken from the clinically healthy animals by cytobrush method, and then stained with Giemsa for presence of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN). Cows with a PMN percentage less than 18% were considered to be healthy (control, n=20). All cows were sampled for blood. Nitric oxide (NO) levels in Group I (Endometritis I; n=20), Group II (Endometritis II; n=16), Group III (Endometritis III; n=10) and the control group were determined to be 23.0±0.63 nmol/mL, 32.23±0.97 nmol/mL, 36.56±0.48 nmol/mL, and 11.10±0.29 nmol/mL, respectively. The differences among the groups were found to be statistically significant. Malondialdehyde (MDA) level was highest in Group III (6.38±0.13 μmol/L), and its level significantly decreased with the reduced severity of endometritis. The comparison of the groups for total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and total oxidant capacity (TOC) demonstrated that endometritis caused a decrease in TAC levels (P<0.05), but did not affect TOC levels. Endometritis increased serum NO and MDA levels, and decreased TAC levels, but had no effect on TOC levels. In conclusion, NO and MDA, as well as TAC can be used as a biochemical marker for estimation of the severity of endometritis in cows.

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