Determining heat stress effect in Holstein dairy cattle using daily milkyield and meteorological data obtained from public weatherstation in Sanliurfa Province of Turkey

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kemal Yazgan
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Holstein Cows ◽  
Stress Effect ◽  
Humidity Index ◽  
Daily Milk Yield ◽  
Daily Milk

The objective of this study was to detect the relationship between weather information, obtained from nearest public weather station, and milk productions of Holstein cows breeding in Sanliurfa province of Turkey. Data used in this study comprised 711,968 first-five parity individual daily milk and live weight records of 939 Holstein cows. Results from this study indicated that using combination of minimum ambient temperature and relative humidity values one day earlier from daily milk yield in temperature – humidity index (THI) formula can be good alternative for determining heat stress in Holstein dairy cows under climatological conditions in Sanliurfa province of Turkey. As a result, this study confirmed that for quantifying heat stress in dairy cows valuable information can obtained from public weather stations.

scholarly journals The Effect of Breeding Region on Differences in Persistency of Heat Stress Effect in First Parity Simmentals

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Vesna Gantner ◽  
Mirna Gavran ◽  
Dragan Dokić ◽  
Božo Važić ◽  
Maja Gregić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Stress Effect ◽  
Milk Traits ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Humidity Index ◽  
Daily Milk Yield ◽  
Daily Milk

In order to determine the effect of breeding region on differences in persistency of heat stress effect in first parity Simmentals test-day records provided by the Croatian Agricultural Agency were analysed. Only cows with detected statistically significant decrease in daily milk yield at set temperature-humidity index (THI) threshold value (65, 70 and 75) were included in the further analyses. The persistency of heat stress effect regarding the daily milk traits was determined as a drop in the subsequent milk recordings (1st and 2nd). The research results indicate significant difference in animals’ response to heat stress effect due to breeding region and individual’s susceptibility to heat stress. The most pronounced and persistent negative effect of heat stress was determined in cows reared in Eastern region. Also, the negative effect of heat stress was more pronounced and more persistent in Simmentals that were heat stressed at the lower THI threshold values (cows that are more susceptible to heat stress).

scholarly journals Persistence of heat stress eff ect in dairy cows

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-41
Author(s):  
Vesna Gantner ◽  
Tina Bobić ◽  
Klemen Potočnik ◽  
Maja Gregić ◽  
Denis Kučević
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Somatic Cell Count ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Stress Effect ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Daily Milk Yield ◽  
Daily Milk

In order to determine the persistence of heat stress effect in dairy cows regarding the breed, parity and susceptibility to heat stress, over 1.9 million of test-day records from Holstein and Simmental cows reared in Croatia were used. The persistence of heat stress effect in the subsequent milk recordings was determined in cows that had significant decrease of daily milk yield at different THI threshold value (65, 70, 75, 80, and 85). The obtained results indicate that cows heat stressed at lower THI threshold value had higher proportional drop of daily milk yield in subsequent milk recordings. Also, primiparous and Simmentals experienced higher proportional drop when compared to multiparous and Holsteins. The negative effect of heat stress on daily milk contents that existed in all cows was more pronounced in the 2nd subsequent milk recording. The determined increase of somatic cell count in more heat stress sensitive Holsteins (THI in 65, 70, 75) indicates that Holstein cows, in terms of heat stress, also become more susceptible to mastitis. Finally, the lower was the THI threshold value, the stronger and more persistent was the heat stress effect. Considering the quite probable increase of the frequency of heat stress days, it is necessary to develop an adequate strategy for dairy farming. Aiming the accurate answer to the problem of heat stress in this region, it is necessary to conduct further research on genetic evaluation.

scholarly journals Seasonal heat stress alters the milk yield, antioxidative levels and serum metabolites in primiparous and 3 multiparous dairy cows

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xue Chen ◽  
Jia Nan Dong ◽  
Ji Ye Rong ◽  
Jun Xiao ◽  
Wei Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Early Lactation ◽  
Serum Metabolites ◽  
Humidity Index ◽  
Seasonal Heat ◽  
Daily Milk Yield ◽  
Metabolic Biomarkers ◽  
Daily Milk

Abstract This study aimed to explore the seasonal heat stress affects the milk yield, antioxidative levels and serum metabolites in primiparous and multiparous dairy cows during early lactation. A total of two hundred dairy cows were selected according to their calving months (June, temperature humidity index (THI) =66.72; July, THI=70.30; August, THI=69.32; September, THI=67.20; October, THI=59.45). Blood samples were collected on day 0, 21, 50, 80, 100 after calving for serum oxidative status analysis and milk yield was recorded every day. The lower average daily milk yield in cows that calved in June and July (P<0.05), and average daily milk yield of multiparous cows was higher than that of primiparous cows that calved in the same month (P<0.05), suggesting that seasonal (June) heat stress negatively affected milk yield in both primiparous and multiparous cows at early lactation. Besides, 15 and 11 serum metabolites were changed in heat stress (average THI = 70.30) group compared with non heat stress (average THI = 59.45) group in primiparous cows and multiparous cows, respectively. These metabolites were mainly involved in the pathways of aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism, and the metabolism of glycine, serine and threonine. These data suggested that heat stress negatively affected the milk yield and thus caused the the elevation of 2 the serum oxidative and antioxidative index Metabolic biomarkers associated with the heat stress 29 in serum were found 0 which providing the basement of evaluating indicator between heat stress and non heat stress groups in primiparous and multiparous cows.

scholarly journals Effects of Sprinkler Flow Rate on Physiological, Behavioral and Production Responses of Nili Ravi Buffaloes during Subtropical Summer

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 339
Author(s):  
Musa Bah ◽  
Muhammad Afzal Rashid ◽  
Khalid Javed ◽  
Talat Naseer Pasha ◽  
Muhammad Qamer Shahid
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Rectal Temperature ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Group Water ◽  
Humidity Index ◽  
Daily Milk Yield ◽  
Daily Milk

Water buffaloes wallow in water to combat heat stress during summer. With the decreasing reservoirs for wallowing, the farmers use sprinklers to cool the buffaloes in Pakistan. These sprinklers use a large quantity of groundwater, which is becoming scarce. The objective of the current study was to determine the effect of different sprinkler flow rates on the physiological, behavioral, and production responses of Nili Ravi buffaloes during summer. Eighteen buffaloes were randomly subjected to three sprinkler flow rate treatments in a double replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design. The flow rates were 0.8, 1.25, and 2.0 L/min. During the study, the average afternoon temperature humidity index was 84.6. The 1.25 and 2.0 L/min groups had significantly lower rectal temperature and respiratory rates than the 0.8 L/min group. Water intake was significantly higher in the 0.8 L/min group. Daily milk yield was higher in the 1.25 and 2.0 L/min groups than in the 0.8 L/min group. These results suggested that the sprinkler flow rates > 0.8 L/min effectively cooled the buffaloes. The sprinkler flow rate of 1.25 L/min appeared to be more efficient, as it used 37.5% less water compared to the 2.0 L/min.

scholarly journals Is rumenocentesis a safe technique to collect rumen fluid in dairy cows?

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 1135 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. PANOUSIS ◽  
G. KITKAS ◽  
G. E. VALERGAKIS
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Small Diameter ◽  
Dairy Farm ◽  
Holstein Cows ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Safe Technique ◽  
Daily Milk Yield ◽  
Daily Milk

Subacute ruminal acidosis is a major issue in dairy cattle and a definite diagnosis is only established by measuring the rumen fluid pH, most credibly collected by rumenocentesis. However, due to its invasive nature, there is still some debate whether it is a safe method or poses risks for cows’ health and welfare. The aim of the study was to retrospectively evaluate the safety of rumenocentesis as a technique to obtain rumen fluid in dairy cows. Results were derived from 2 studies. In study 1, rumenocentesis was performed in 153 Holstein cows from 12 herds, once, between 10 and 90 days in milk (DIM). In study 2, 83 Holstein cows from a dairy farm were repeatedly subjected to rumenocentesisat 30, 90 and 150 DIM. From the 83 cows that were initially enrolled, 8 were culled before the end of the study for reasons irrelative to rumenocentesis; therefore, 236 rumenocenteses were actually performed in study 2 (3 times in 75 cows, twice in 3 cows and once in 5 cows). All cows were monitored for 10 days after rumenocentesis for presence of complications. In addition, daily milk yield was automatically recorded for each cow in study 2 to detect any possiblepost-rumenocentesis short-term reduction of milk yield. Minor only complications were recorded in 7 cases: in 4/153 (2.61%) and 3/236 (1.27%) rumenocenteses in studies 1 and 2, respectively. Small diameter abscesses in 6 cows (3 in study 1 and 3 in study 2) and a larger one in 1 cow in study 1 were observed. The 3 small abscesses in study 2 were all recorded after the 1st rumenocentesis, at DIM 30. All 7 cases were resolved spontaneously within two weeks. Moreover, short-term daily milk yield of study 2 cows was not affected by rumenocentesis. The conclusion is that rumenocentesis is a safe technique to collect small volume of rumen fluid for SARA diagnosis, which does not compromise cows’ health and welfare when appropriately performed.

scholarly journals The effect of response to heat stress, parity, breed and breeding region on somatic cell count in dairy cattle

2020 ◽  
Vol 90 (5) ◽  
pp. 435-442
Author(s):  
Vesna Gantner ◽  
◽  
Božidarka Marković ◽  
Mirna Gavran ◽  
Marcela Šperanda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Somatic Cell Count ◽  
High Variability ◽  
Humidity Index ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Daily Milk Yield ◽  
Daily Milk

With the aim of determining the effect of response to heat stress, parity, breed and breeding region on somatic cell count (SCC) in dairy cattle, the individual test-day records of dairy cows collected from 2005 to 2012 in regular milk recording (AT4 / BT4 method) in Croatia were used. The proportional differences in log somatic cell count, and logSCC (in %) in subsequent milk recordings (1st, and 2nd) were determined in cows with a significant decrease in daily milk yield at a set temperature-humidity index, THI threshold (68, 72, and 76). The results indicate high variability in somatic cell count due to the animal’s response to heat stress (heat stressed at THI in 68, 72, and 76), parity (1, 2, and 3+), breed (Holstein, and Simmental) and breeding region (Central, and Eastern Croatia). Also, it could be pointed out that Holsteins, especially cows in higher parities (2, 3+) reared in Eastern Croatia were shown to be more sensitive to environmental stress, even in the period after heat stress (1st, and 2nd subsequent milk recording). Since SCC is not only an indicator for mastitis, but also reflects a cow’s immune response to general stress situations, the high variability determined may be explained by the individual adaptation capabilities of these two breeds to breeding conditions in the analysed regions.

scholarly journals The Effect of Ambient Temperature on Conception and Milk Performance in Breeding Holstein Cows

2017 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
pp. 1515-1520 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristýna Klementová ◽  
Radek Filipčík ◽  
Martin Hošek
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Conception Rate ◽  
Holstein Cows ◽  
Experimental Population ◽  
Conception Rates ◽  
Daily Milk Yield ◽  
Daily Milk

The aim of this study was to identify the effect of ambient temperature and season of the year on conception difficulties in Holstein cattle. The experiment was conducted on the School farm in Žabčice. Data were collected from July 2016 to January 2017. Experimental population counted 263 breeding Holstein cows, which were inseminated during the observation period. Results of this study confirmed the effect of temperature and season on conception rates in dairy cows. In winter season, successful conception was recorded in 56.36 % of cows in average ambient temperature 1.48 °C, in summer season the conception rate was only 40.43 % in average daily temperature 18.96 °C. A more detailed analysis revealed the highest conception rates in the dairy cows in January (88.24 %) and February (91.67 %). On the contrary, the worst results were recorded in September (22.73 %) and October (28.57 %). Evaluation of conception rate according to ambient temperature intervals showed best results for the temperatures below 5 °C. A part of the study was also evaluation of an association between daily milk yield and conception rate. This hypothesis cannot be conclusively confirmed, because milk yield was mostly similar in both groups (pregnant and non‑pregnant) on the days of insemination. The effect of lactation order and mean daily milk yield on the conception rate in cows was not confirmed.

Shade access in combination with sprinkling and ventilation effects performance of Holstein cows in early and late lactation

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorena Román ◽  
Celmira Saravia ◽  
Laura Astigarraga ◽  
Oscar Bentancur ◽  
Alejandro La Manna
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Holstein Cows ◽  
Stress Effect ◽  
Early Lactation ◽  
Stress Effects ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Humidity Index ◽  
Two Stages

The negative effect of heat stress on dairy cows, with a temperature humidity index (THI) over 72, has been extensively studied. However, there are few studies on THI values under 72 that compare the effect of heat stress in different lactation stages. The objective of this study was to determine the heat stress effect on two lactation stages with a THI below the threshold 72. Thirty-nine multiparous, non-pregnant Holstein cows with more than 30 kg/cow.day of solid-corrected milk were used in a randomised complete block design to evaluate six treatments. The experimental design had a 3 by 2 factorial arrangement with three heat stress mitigation strategies: No shade (CON), access to shade only, and access to shade combined with sprinkling and ventilation, and two stages of lactation: early (S1) and late (S2), 12 ± 10.3 and 201 ± 45.8 days in milk respectively, for a duration of 81 consecutive days. All treatments, except CON had access to artificial shade from 0900 hours to 0500 hours next day. From 0500 hours to 0900 hours all cows were managed together in a grazing session. Additionally, sprinkling and ventilation cows had two 30-min sessions of ventilation and spray (0900 hours, 1530 hours). The average THI was 70.1 ± 4.46 (minimum THI: 60.4; maximum THI: 81.7) and the average hours above 72 were 7.8 ± 5.98. Animals in S1 presented higher solids-corrected milk reduction (P &lt; 0.0001; 5.4 and 1.9 kg/cow.day), and protein yield (&lt;0.0001; 0.13 and 0.54 kg/cow.day) than animals in S2 when shade was not allowed (CON). It was concluded that under these conditions, animal productivity is more negatively affected in early lactation animals. The use of shade with or without spray and ventilation mitigates heat stress effects on both stages of lactation.

scholarly journals Short communication: The lag response of daily milk yield to heat stress in dairy cows

2021 ◽  
Vol 104 (1) ◽  
pp. 981-988
Author(s):  
Gan Li ◽  
Jian Chen ◽  
Dandan Peng ◽  
Xianhong Gu
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Short Communication ◽  
Daily Milk Yield ◽  
Daily Milk

scholarly journals Effects of Some Environmental Factors on Milking Time Milk Yield in Red Holstein Cows

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. 917
Author(s):  
Atakan Koc
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Dairy Farm ◽  
Holstein Cows ◽  
The Third ◽  
Morning Milk ◽  
Daily Milk Yield ◽  
Daily Milk

The purpose of this study is to investigate the environmental factors on the milking time milk yield of Red Holstein cows. For this aim, 172,826 morning milk yield (MMY) and 172,771 evening milk yield (EMY) data collected between 2001 and 2010 from a dairy farm in Aydin Province, Turkey were used. The THI is over 72 from June to August in the region. The effects of calving month, calving year, parity, lactation month and milking month on MMY and EMY were found to be statistically significant. For every month, year and parity, the MMY means were higher than those of the EMY. The peak daily milk yield was determined on the 46th day of lactation (31.7±0.013 kg). For parity, the highest milk yield means were detected for the third parity: 13.69±0.023 kg for MMY and 11.70±0.021 kg for EMY. In conclusion, taking precautions to protect the cows from heat stress especially for the cows calved in summer and keeping the milking interval equal for whole year would help increasing the milk yield.

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