scholarly journals Isolation and Identification of Insect Antifeedant Compound from Ethanol Extract of Hemidesmus indicus Root

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maya G. Pillai, Susha Dayanandan, Beena Bendada ◽  
Ali Guendouz ◽  
Ramdane Benniou
Keyword(s):  
Insect Pest ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Synergistic Action ◽  
Corcyra Cephalonica ◽  
Stored Grain ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Hemidesmus Indicus ◽  
Antifeedant Effect ◽  
Grain Protectants

Phytochemicals with insect antifeedant potential can be used as a safer alternative to harmful chemicals that are used as grain protectants. The insect antifeedant effect of the extracts and fractions of Hemidesmus indicus root were tested against the stored grain insect pest Corcyra cephalonica Stainton. Bioactivity-guided study of ethanol extract of Hemidesmus indicus root led to isolation and identification of a triterpenoid, Lupeol with insect antifeedant potential. Although Lupeol showed insect antifeedant potential the ethanol extract was found to be more effective as an antifeedant. This implies that the synergistic action of compounds present in the ethanol extract of H. indicus root is responsible for the higher antifeedant potential.

ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF 16-OXOOESTRADIOL-17β IN HUMAN PLACENTAE

1959 ◽  
Vol XXXII (II) ◽  
pp. 195-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Diczfalusy ◽  
Anne-Marie v. Münstermann
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Free Form ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Human Placentae

ABSTRACT From the ethanol extract of 100 full term placentae approximately 200 μg of an α-ketolic Kober chromogen have been isolated in a »free« form. The evidence obtained indicates that this α-ketolic Kober chromogen is identical with 16-oxooestradiol-17β.

scholarly journals Bioassay-guided isolation and identification of Aedes aegypti larvicidal and biting deterrent compounds from Veratrum lobelianum

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 324-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurhayat Tabanca ◽  
Zulfiqar Ali ◽  
Ulrich R. Bernier ◽  
Nancy Epsky ◽  
Ayse Nalbantsoy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Larvicidal Activity ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Ethyl Linoleate ◽  
Significant Activity ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Human Carcinoma ◽  
Ethyl Palmitate ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Bioassay Guided Fractionation ◽  
Nmr Techniques

AbstractAn ethanol extract fromVeratrum lobelianumBernh. rhizomes showed larvicidal activity with LC50values of 11.79 ppm and 89.9 ppm against 1stand 4thinstar larvae, respectively, at 24 h post-treatment. The extract also showed proportion not biting (PNB) value of 0.76 at 100 μg/cm2against females ofAe.aegypti. Systematic bioassay-guided fractionation ofV.lobelianumextract resulted in the isolation of five compounds that were identified as ethyl palmitate (1), ethyl linoleate (2), β-sitosterol (3), resveratrol (4) and oxyresveratrol (5) by GC-MS,1H-NMR, and13C-NMR techniques, comparison with literature data, and confirmation with authentic compounds. Compound2exhibited larvicidal activity with an LC50value of 24.1 (22.0-26.2) ppm whereas1was inactive. β-Sitosterol (3) displayed the highest larvicidal activity with LC50= 1.7 (1.3-12.3) ppm and LC90= 5.1 (3.4-13.8) ppm. Compounds4and5had larvicidal activity with LC50values of 18.5 (15.3-23.3) and 22.6 (19.0-26.8) ppm, respectively, and had an equivalent PNB values of 0.75 at 25 nmol/cm2. In addition,4and5were explored for their human-based repellency againstAe.aegypti, attractiveness against male medfliesCeratitis capitata, and also evaluated against series of human carcinoma cells (A549, HEK293, HeLa, SH-SY5Y); however, no significant activity was found.

scholarly journals Isolation and Identification of the Anti-Oxidant Constituents from Loropetalum chinense (R. Brown) Oliv. Based on UHPLC–Q-TOF-MS/MS

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 1720 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haifang Chen ◽  
Mulan Li ◽  
Chen Zhang ◽  
Wendi Du ◽  
Haihua Shao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Protocatechuic Acid ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ethyl Gallate ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Caffeoylquinic Acid ◽  
Tof Ms

The aim of this study was to identify the chemical constituents of Loropetalum chinense (R. Brown) Oliv. (LCO) and determine which of these had antioxidant effects. The chemical composition of a 70% ethanol extract of LCO was analyzed systematically using UHPLC–Q-TOF-MS/MS. The chemical components of the 70% ethanol extract of LCO were then separated and purified using macroporous resin and chromatographic techniques. Antioxidant activity was evaluated using a DPPH assay. In total, 100 compounds were identified tentatively, including 42 gallic acid tannins, 49 flavones, and 9 phenolic compounds. Of these, 7 gallium gallate, 4 flavonoid and 8 quinic acid compounds were separated and purified from the 70% ethanol extract of LCO. The compounds identified for the first time in LCO and in the genus Loropetalum were 3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl-(6′-O-galloyl)-O-β-d-glucopyranoside, protocatechuic acid, ethyl gallate, 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid, 3-O-caffeoylquinic acid, 3,5-O-diocaffeoylquinic acid, 4,5-O-diocaffeoylquinic acid and 3,4-O-diocaffeoylquinic acid. The 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of compounds 1,2,3,4,6-penta-O-galloyl-β-d-glucose, gallic acid, protocatechuic acid, and ethyl gallate were 1.88, 1.05, 1.18, and 1.05 μg/mL, respectively. Compared with the control group (VC) (2.08 μg/mL), these compounds exhibited stronger anti-oxidation activity. This study offered considerable insight into the chemical composition of LCO, with preliminary identification of the antioxidant ingredients.

Treatment of grain in Australia

1978 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 204-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Bengston
Keyword(s):  
Insect Pests ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Insect Species ◽  
Insect Control ◽  
Federal Legislation ◽  
Stored Grain ◽  
Grain Protectants

Though most of the important insect pests of stored grain occur in Australia, and conditions are ideal for their development, insect control since the introduction of malathion has been so effective that Australian Federal legislation now requires that grain for export must be totally insect-free. The appearance of resistance to malathion in 1968 and its subsequent development in most grain-insect species, however, emphasises the need for alternative safe and effective grain protectants.

scholarly journals UJI EFEKTIVITAS DAN IDENTIFIKASI SENYAWA AKTIF EKSTRAK DAUN SIRSAK SEBAGAI PESTISIDA NABATI TERHADAP MORTALITAS KUTU DAUN PERSIK (Myzus persicae Sulz) PADA TANAMAN CABAI MERAH (Capsipcum annum L.)

Jurnal Kimia ◽  
2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ni Made Dwi Desiyanti ◽  
I Made Dira Swantara ◽  
I Putu Sudiarta
Keyword(s):  
Ir Spectra ◽  
Silica Gel ◽  
Column Chromatography ◽  
Myzus Persicae ◽  
Mobile Phase ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Annona Muricata ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Butanol Extract ◽  
Metabolite Extraction

The study of isolation and identification of the active compounds of soursop (Annona muricata L.) leave extract were conducted . The metabolite extraction was conducted using maceration method with 96 % ethanol. The ethanol extract was used to test the mortility of aphid (Myzus persicae S.), with LC50 of 100 ppm. The n-hexane, chloroform, and n-buthanol were used to fractionate the ethanol extract. The mortality test of those three extracts showed the LC50 of 545.12 ppm, 136.26 ppm and 117.73 ppm, respectively. The n-butanol extract was separated using silica gel column chromatography with chloroform: ethanol: water (5:4:1), as the mobile phase. The fractions resulted were FI, FII, FIII, FIV and FV. The mortality test indicated that FII was the best with LC50 of 596.48 ppm. The FII was purified using silica gel column chromatography, resulting three fractions (FII.1, FII.2 and FII.3).  The mortality test of those fractions indicated that FII.2 showed the best result with LC50 of 601.17 ppm. The UV-Vis and IR spectra showed that FII.2 fraction contained flavonoides under the flavonon family.

Chemistry and potential of parthenin and its derivatives as stored grain protectants

2015 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 152
Author(s):  
K K Chahal ◽  
Yadwinder Singh ◽  
Ramandeep Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Stored Grain ◽  
Grain Protectants

scholarly journals PREVENTION OF INFESTATION OF STORED GRAIN PEST IN FORAGE PEARL MILLET BY ORGANIC GRAIN PROTECTANTS.

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajesh Gadewar Vipin Babhulkar P A Lambat Atul Banginwar Rajesh Gadewar Vipin Babhulkar P A Lambat Atul Banginwar ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Stored Grain ◽  
Grain Protectants ◽  
Stored Grain Pest

scholarly journals Assessing Storage Insect Pest infestations and Faecal dropping of Rodent in Stored Grains from two districts of Southwestern Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
pp. 035-039
Author(s):  
Tadesse Marid ◽  
Ali Md Jamshed
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Stored Grain ◽  
Storage Container ◽  
Southwestern Ethiopia ◽  
Flour Beetles ◽  
Grain Damage ◽  
Sorghum Grains ◽  
Time Periods

This study was designed to assess the occurrence of major insects and rodent pest infestations in stored grain from two districts of Southwestern Ethiopia. Omo Nada and Bako Tibe districts were purposively selected because they are potential maize and sorghum growing regions with high postharvest losses. A total of 160 farmers’ stores from both the districts were randomly selected. The grain samples used in the present study were stored for five different time periods, ranging from 1 to 5 months and from the same farmers’ stores, to identify storage insect pest, determine grain weight loss and insect damage. The results showed that the dominant insect species in maize and sorghum grains were weevils (Sitophilus spp.) followed by the Angoumois gelechiid (Sitotroga cerealella Olivier) and flour beetles (Tribolium spp.). High number of insects were recorded from both plastered and un-plastered gombisa and polypropylene bags. Additionally, the amount of every insect pest in each storage container recorded per 100 g grain increased because the duration of grain storage increased. There have been 0.33-1.29g and 0.44-1g of rodent droppings per 100g sample of maize and sorghum grains, respectively. This showed that faecal dropping per 100 g grain increased along with increase in storage period. Grain damage showed significant (P<0.05) differences over the storage periods across the studied districts. A similar trend was observed for weight loss in each of the grains all districts. These results indicated that farmers are incurring a substantial grain loss to insects and rodent pests. Hence, there is an urgent need to devise appropriate tactics for protecting the losses in farm-stored maize and sorghum in Ethiopia.

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