Screening Chickpea Genotypes for Resistance to Rhizoctonia bataticola in Controlled Conditions

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
S C Talekar ◽  
K P Viswanatha ◽  
H C Lohithasawa
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Condition ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Resistance Breeding ◽  
Rhizoctonia Bataticola ◽  
Biotic Stresses ◽  
Paper Technique ◽  
Blotter Paper ◽  
Resistant Genotypes ◽  
Resistance Source

Among the various biotic stresses, dry root rot caused by Rhizoctonia bataticola is becoming severe in most chickpea growing regions of India where the crop is grown under rain fed conditions causing 30-40 per cent yield loss. In this context, 520 chickpea genotypes were screened in the laboratory condition using Blotter Paper Technique to study the reaction of the genotypes to the Rhizoctonia bataticola and to identify resistance source for the disease. Among 520 genotypes, three were resistant viz., PG 06102, BG 2094 and IC 552137; 21 were moderate resistant viz., IC 15167, IC 2867, JAKI 9218, ICC 9023, ICC-14346, IC-269768, PG 01103, Pule 9801, KGD 120, NbeG 28, WR 315, IC-269488, IC 552198, IC 552178, IC 552132, IC 552320, IC 552214, IC 552232, CLH 29, IC 552102, IC 552224; 76 were moderate susceptible, 337 were susceptible and the rest eighty three were highly susceptible for dry root rot. The identified resistant genotypes may serve as potential donors in chickpea resistance breeding programme for dry root rot.

Management of Dry Root Rot in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Caused By Macrophomina phaseolina by Utilizing Host Plant Resistance, Fungicides and Bioagents

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Manjunatha ◽  
M. Saifulla
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Plant Resistance ◽  
Host Plant Resistance ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Macrophomina Phaseolina ◽  
Resistant Varieties ◽  
Paper Technique ◽  
Blotter Paper ◽  
Cent Disease

Background: For the management of soil borne disease like dry root rot of chickpea caused by Macrophomina phaseolina, by using fungicides alone is not feasible due to environmental and health hazards. Hence integrated management of the disease by using resistant varieties, fungicides and bio-control agents is the best alternative. So the present study was aimed to identify resistant varieties, best fungicide and bioagent for management of dry root rot in chickpea. Methods: Two hundred and twelve genotypes were screened using blotter paper technique for identifying resistant genotypes for dry root rot. The experiment on management of dry root rot was conducted during Kharif and Rabi of 2013-14 using a susceptible chickpea variety JG-11 with 14 treatments including control with 3 replications. Result: Of two hundred and twelve chickpea genotypes screened for host plant resistance against Macrophomina phaseolina by blotter paper technique only one genotype ie. PBG-5 showed moderately resistant reaction. Among fourteen treatments including fungicides and bioagents imposed for the management of dry root rot, seed treatment with tebuconazole @ 2 g/kg recorded lowest per cent disease incidence of 9.43, with a highest yield of 722.81 kg/ha compared to untreated control which recorded the highest per cent disease incidence (40.10) with a lowest mean yield of 362.02 kg/ha.

scholarly journals Search for Resistant Genotypes to Cuscuta campestris Infection in Two Legume Species, Vicia sativa and Vicia ervilia

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 738
Author(s):  
Eva María Córdoba ◽  
Mónica Fernández-Aparicio ◽  
Clara Isabel González-Verdejo ◽  
Carmela López-Grau ◽  
María del Valle Muñoz-Muñoz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Resistance Breeding ◽  
Parasitic Plants ◽  
Vicia Sativa ◽  
Common Vetch ◽  
Germplasm Collections ◽  
Bitter Vetch ◽  
Cuscuta Campestris ◽  
Resistant Genotypes

The dodders (Cuscuta spp.) are parasitic plants that feed on the stems of their host plants. Cuscuta campestris is one of the most damaging parasitic plants for the worldwide agricultural production of broad-leaved crops. Its control is limited or non-existent, therefore resistance breeding is the best alternative both economically and environmentally. Common vetch (Vicia sativa) and bitter vetch (Vicia ervilia) are highly susceptible to C. campestris, but no resistant genotypes have been identified. Thus, the aim of this study was to identify in V. sativa and V.ervilia germplasm collections genotypes resistant to C. campestris infection for use in combating this parasitic plant. Three greenhouse screening were conducted to: (1) identify resistant responses in a collection of 154 accessions of bitter vetch and a collection of 135 accessions of common vetch genotypes against infection of C. campestris; (2) confirm the resistant response identified in common vetch accessions; and (3) characterize the effect of C. campestris infection on biomass of V. sativa resistant and susceptible accessions. Most common vetch and bitter vetch genotypes tested were susceptible to C. campestris. However, the V. sativa genotype Vs.1 exhibited high resistance. The resistant phenotype was characterized by a delay in the development of C. campestris posthaustorial growth and a darkening resembling a hypersensitive-like response at the penetration site. The resistant mechanism was effective in limiting the growth of C. campestris as the ratio of parasite/host shoot dry biomass was more significantly reduced than the rest of the accessions. To the best or our knowledge, this is the first identification of Cuscuta resistance in V. sativa genotypes.

Lab and Field Level Potential of Endophytic Bacteria in Managing the Dry Root Rot Disease in Black Gram Incited by Rhizoctonia bataticola (Taubenh) Butler 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Kiran Kumar ◽  
P. Nagamani ◽  
K. Viswanath ◽  
L. Prasanthi
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Protease Activity ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Phosphate Solubilization ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Black Gram ◽  
Rhizoctonia Bataticola

Background: The plant growth promotion and efficacy against phytopathogens by the endophytic bacteria are being focused now due to their ecofriendly nature. Methods: Endophytic bacteria (24 nos) isolated from the roots, stems and leaves of black gram plants collected from different locations were tested for their potential to inhibit the growth of R. bataticola under in vitro and in vivo conditions. Result: The leaf endophyte BLE 4 exhibited maximum inhibition (79.6%) of R. bataticola followed by BSE 4 (77.4%), BSE 7 (77.0%) and BLE 1 (74.0%). Among these 4 isolates tested as seed treatment and soil application, there was significant increase in dry weight (7.1 g), plant height (37.7 cm), number of branches (13.2) and number of pods (26.2) in BLE 4 treated plots. Whereas, the incidence of dry root rot and yield were insignificant. In the screening study of isolates for their phosphate solubilization potential, protease activity, siderophore and HCN production, no single isolate possessed all the properties, but siderophore production, protease activity and phosphate solubilization were found in BSE 4, BRE 3, BRE 5 and BRE 10 isolates. 

INFLUENCE OF SPRING SEEDING DATE ON YIELD LOSS FROM ROOT ROT OF BARLEY

1976 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 741-743 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. W. JOHNSTON
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Seeding Date

not available

scholarly journals Utilizing the combined antifungal potential of Trichoderma spp. and organic amendments against dry root rot of mungbean

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anam Choudhary ◽  
Shabbir Ashraf
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Root Nodules ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Rhizoctonia Bataticola ◽  
Neem Cake ◽  
Greenhouse Study

AbstractThe present study was carried out to evaluate the effect of bioagents and organic amendments in suppressing the dry root rot of mungbean incited by Rhizoctonia bataticola. The locally isolated pathogen and fungal biocontrol agents were identified based on morphological and molecular characterization. These identified bioagents were tested in vitro, and the highest mycelial inhibition was recorded in dual culture assay by Trichoderma harzianum (74.44%), and among organic amendments, maximum mycelial inhibition was found in neem cake (61.11%). In a greenhouse study, T. harzianum + neem cake effectively enhanced the percent germination (93.33%) and decreased the percent disease mortality (11.67%) than the other treatments. The morphological parameter like plant height (57.50 cm), dry weight (22.83 g) root nodules (51), pods/plant (58), and 100-seed weight (5.78 g) were found to be at the maximum in this combined application. Physiological pigments viz. chlorophyll (2.41 mg/g) and carotenoids (0.19 mg/g), protein content (5.85 mg/g), and leghemoglobin (11.75 mg/g) were also found to be maximum in T. harzianum + neem cake and minimum phenol content (1.41 mg/g). The study concludes that T. harzianum + neem cake can be recommended as an effective approach for the management of dry root rot of mungbean.

scholarly journals Root Rot of Juniperus and Microbiota by Phytophthora lateralis in Oregon Horticultural Nurseries

Plant Disease ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 104 (5) ◽  
pp. 1500-1506
Author(s):  
Ebba K. Peterson ◽  
Franziska Rupp ◽  
Joyce Eberhart ◽  
Jennifer L. Parke
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Major Gene ◽  
Resistance Breeding ◽  
Its2 Region ◽  
Phytophthora Spp ◽  
Major Gene Resistance ◽  
Phytophthora Lateralis ◽  
Chamaecyparis Lawsoniana ◽  
Port Orford Cedar

Widespread symptoms of root rot and mortality on Juniperus communis and Microbiota decussata were observed in two horticultural nurseries in Oregon, leading to the isolation of a Phytophthora sp. from diseased roots. Based on morphology and sequencing the internal transcribed spacer ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region, isolates were identified as the invasive pathogen Phytophthora lateralis, causal agent of Port-Orford-cedar (POC; Chamaecyparis lawsoniana) root disease. Additional sequencing of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 and 2 genes identified all isolates as belonging to the PNW lineage. Utilizing recovered isolates plus a POC-wildlands isolate and susceptible POC as controls, we completed Koch’s postulates on potted Juniperus and Microbiota plants. Nursery isolates were more aggressive than the forest isolate, which was used in the POC resistance breeding program. Increased aggressiveness was confirmed using a branch stem dip assay with four POC clones that differed in resistance, although no isolate completely overcame major-gene resistance. Isolates were sensitive to mefenoxam, a fungicide commonly used to suppress Phytophthora spp. growth in commercial nurseries. Although POC resistance is durable against these more aggressive nursery isolates, the expanded host range of P. lateralis challenges POC conservation through the continued movement of P. lateralis by the nursery industry.

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