Impact of Irrigation Methods, Irrigation Scheduling and Mulching on Seed Yield and Water Productivity of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
P R Kumar ◽  
Santosh S Mali ◽  
A K Singh ◽  
B P Bhatt
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Control Plant ◽  
Irrigation Scheduling ◽  
Irrigation Methods ◽  
Hill Region ◽  
Irrigation Interval ◽  
Basin Irrigation ◽  
Horizontal Spread

An experiment was conducted to test the efficacy of irrigation methods and mulching in seed production of chickpea. Irrigation methods included drip with mulch (DM), drip without mulch (DNM) and check basin (CB) irrigation. Drip irrigation was scheduled at 1-day, 2-day and 7 days interval, while farmers’ practice of check basin irrigation at 7-day interval was considered as control. Plant parameters like height, horizontal spread, dry matter, root length and root spread, and number of pods were significantly influenced by irrigation levels and mulch. Seed yield of 17.7 and 16.8 q/ha was recorded for DM having 1-day and 2-day interval, respectively, which was about 82 and 73% higher over the control. The harvest index increased with increasing irrigation interval and was highest (57.4) under treatments with longer irrigation interval (DM7, DNM7 and CB7). Drip irrigation at 1-day and 2-day interval recorded the water productivities of 0.54 and 0.52 kg/m3, respectively as against 0.30 kg/m3 recorded in farmers practice. Polythene mulch with drip irrigation at 2-day irrigation interval is recommended for improving the yields and water productivity of chickpea cultivated under eastern plateau and hill region of India.

scholarly journals Effects of irrigation scheduling and different irrigation methods on onion and water productivity in Tigray, northern Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gebremedhin Gebremeskel Haile ◽  
T.G. Gebremicael ◽  
Mulubrehan Kifle ◽  
Teferi Gebremedhin
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Irrigation Scheduling ◽  
Fixed Interval ◽  
Northern Ethiopia ◽  
Irrigation Method ◽  
Irrigation Methods ◽  
Irrigation Interval ◽  
Basin Irrigation

AbstractEfficient irrigation water use can meet its objective if irrigated agriculture is managed properly in regions where water is limited. A two-year (2016-2017) field experiments were conducted in the semiarid areas of Tigray in northern Ethiopia to evaluate irrigation scheduling with different irrigation methods. The experiments were carried out to identify their contribution for enhancing onion and water productivity in water-stressed irrigation schemes of Korir and Hatset sites. Six factorial treatments comprising of three levels of irrigation methods (furrow, basin and flood) and two levels of irrigation scheduling (fixed interval and farmer’s practices) were evaluated with three replications. The agronomic and irrigation parameters were subjected to separate level-wise comparison followed by the factorial interaction effects. The results showed that the fixed irrigation interval, basin irrigation method and their factorial combinations showed better performances and produced a higher yield and water productivity. On average, 263.85 q/ha and 281 q/ha of onion were obtained under the basin irrigation method and basin irrigation with fixed irrigation interval (T2) at both sites and seasons. For the T2, 6.27 and 6.06 kg/m3 of water productivity (WP) and 4.39 and 4.24 kg/m3 of irrigation water productivity (IWP) were obtained at Korir and Hatset sites, respectively showing higher results as compared to other treatment combinations. Moreover, the basin irrigation method produces higher marketable onion bulbs that are essential for onion producers to earn maximum profit from selling and enhance their livelihoods. Treatments comprising basin method and fixed interval showed better onion and water productivity in the water-limited irrigation schemes of Tigray. Hence, focusing on enhanced irrigation scheduling techniques and irrigation methods are important for effective agricultural water management. Farmers, irrigation experts, water resources managers and decision-makers are suggested to use these techniques to save the limited water resources and increase agricultural productivity.

Irrigation scheduling and water requirements for cowpea using evaporation pan at middle of Iraq

1970 ◽  
pp. 13-17
Author(s):  
Saifuldeen A. Salim ◽  
Isam Kudhier Hamza ◽  
Laith Farhan Jar
Keyword(s):  
Water Productivity ◽  
Irrigation Treatment ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Irrigation Scheduling ◽  
Water Requirements ◽  
Applied Water ◽  
Fresh Seed ◽  
Irrigation Interval ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
Evaporation Pan

The present study was conducted to find out the water requirements and most suitable irrigation frequencies for cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) var grown under drip irrigation. The treatments were based on the IW:CPE ratio at different empirical pan factors 0.6 , 0.8, 1.0, 1.,1.4 , and 1.6 Ef (where Ef = IW/CPE). It was observed that the irrigation interval was variable values decreased by increasing Ef value and with the progress of the growing season. The 1.2 and 1.0 IW: CPE treatments with approximately 4 days irrigation interval were achieved the best results. The total amount of applied water during Cowpea growing season was varied between 247.7 and 266.5mm with 254.8mm as a mean. Irrigation treatment with Ef1.2 was superior over the rest of other treatments in fresh seed yield (5.13 ton.hec.-1), crop water productivity (2.14 kg.m-3), biological yield (6.88 ton.hec.-1) , fresh pod yield (7.33 ton.hec.-1), weight of 100 seed (31.28gm), number of seed/pod (9.34) and netting percentage (37.1). The lowest values of the most parameters used in this study were obtained by Ef 0.6 irrigation treatment.  

Effects of drip irrigation methods on yield and water productivity of maize in Northwest China

2022 ◽  
Vol 259 ◽  
pp. 107227
Author(s):  
Yuxin Cao ◽  
Huanjie Cai ◽  
Shikun Sun ◽  
Xiaobo Gu ◽  
Qing Mu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Irrigation Methods

scholarly journals Potential and Actual Water Savings through Improved Irrigation Scheduling in Small-Scale Vegetable Production

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 888 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph Studer ◽  
Simon Spoehel
Keyword(s):  
Water Use ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Irrigation Scheduling ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
Usual Practice ◽  
Irrigation Water Use ◽  
Small Scale Farmers

Appropriate irrigation scheduling for efficient water use is often a challenge for small-scale farmers using drip irrigation. In a trial with 12 farmers in Sébaco, Nicaragua, two tools to facilitate irrigation scheduling were tested: the Water Chart (a table indicating required irrigation doses) and tensiometers. The study aimed at evaluating if and to what extent simple tools can reduce irrigation water use and improve water productivity in drip-irrigated vegetable (beetroot; Beta vulgaris L.) production compared with the farmers’ usual practice. Irrigation water use was substantially reduced (around 20%) when farmers irrigated according to the tools. However, farmers did not fully adhere to the tool guidance, probably because they feared that their crop would not get sufficient water. Thus they still over-irrigated their crop: between 38% and 88% more water than recommended was used during the treatment period, resulting in 91% to 139% higher water use than required over the entire growing cycle. Water productivity of beetroot production was, therefore, much lower (around 3 kg/m3) than what can be achieved under comparable conditions, although yields were decent. Differences in crop yield and water productivity among treatments were not significant. The simplified Water Chart was not sufficiently understandable to farmers (and technicians), whereas tensiometers were better perceived, although they do not provide any indication on how much water to apply. We conclude that innovations such as drip irrigation or improved irrigation scheduling have to be appropriately introduced, e.g., by taking sufficient time to co-produce a common understanding about the technologies and their possible usefulness, and by ensuring adequate follow-up support.

scholarly journals Deficit irrigation and irrigation methods as on-farm strategies to maximize crop water productivity in dry areas

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 399-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hussein M. Al-Ghobari ◽  
Ahmed Z. Dewidar
Keyword(s):  
Water Depth ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Full Irrigation ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Irrigation Methods ◽  
Irrigation Supply

AbstractAn in-situ field study on two types of irrigation methods and three irrigation regimes was conducted in a sandy loam soil located at King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia in 2015 and 2016. The study was to assess the effects of different irrigation methods on physiological and yield responses of tomato crops under water shortage conditions. The tested irrigation methods were surface drip irrigation (SDI) and subsurface drip irrigation (SSDI) systems. Irrigation treatments consisted of three strategies: (1) plants were irrigated with a water depth of 100% of the full irrigation supply; (2) plants were irrigated with a water depth of 80% of the full irrigation supply; and (3) plants were irrigated with a water depth of 60% of the full irrigation supply. Results indicated that water shortage significantly affected yield and quality response for each season. Over a 2-year average, yield increase was greatest in T1-SSDI followed by T2-SSDI and then T1-SDI. The yield response factor was 0.95 and 1.05 for SSDI and SDI, respectively. The highest water use efficiency values were obtained in T2-SSDI (16.3 kg m−3) and T1-SSDI (15.6 kg m−3), and the lowest ones, those estimated in T1-SDI (10.9 kg m−3) and T3-SDI (9.5 kg m−3).

scholarly journals Irrigation and fertigation scheduling under drip irrigation for maize crop in sandy soil

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud M. Ibrahim ◽  
Ahmed A. El-Baroudy ◽  
Ahmed M. Taha
Keyword(s):  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Irrigation Scheduling ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Crop Evapotranspiration ◽  
Irrigation Time

Abstract Field experiments was conducted to determine the best irrigation scheduling and the proper period for injecting fertilizers through drip irrigation water in a sandy soil to optimize maize yield and water productivity. Four irrigation levels (0.6, 0.8, 1.0 and 1.2) of the crop evapotranspiration and two fertigation periods (applying the recommended fertilizer dose in 60 and 80% of the irrigation time) were applied in a split-plot design, in addition to a control treatment which represented conventional irrigation and fertilization of maize in the studied area. The results showed that increasing the irrigation water amount and the fertilizer application period increased vegetative growth and yield. The highest grain yield and the lowest one were obtained under the treatment at 1.2 and of 0.6 crop evapotranspiration, respectively. The treatment at 0.8 crop evapotranspiration with fertilizer application in 80% of the irrigation time gave the highest water productivity (1.631 kg m−3) and saved 27% of the irrigation water compared to the control treatment. Therefore, this treatment is recommended to irrigate maize crops because of the water scarcity conditions of the studied area.

scholarly journals Optimization of High Density Planting with Drip Irrigation in Rabi Onion

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
M. D. Ojha ◽  
Vijay Kumar ◽  
R. B. Verma ◽  
M. Pal ◽  
S. R. P. Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Irrigation Scheduling ◽  
High Density ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Plant Spacing ◽  
Irrigation Interval ◽  
Bulb Yield

Irrigation scheduling is necessary for increasing onion production in an Agro-climatic zone III A and B of Bihar, where water is becoming scarce gradually and a limiting factor for onion production. Field experiments were conducted during the Rabi season of 2013-14 and 2014-15 at the experimental farm, Nalanda College of Horticulture, Noorsarai, Nalanda. The objectives were to standardize high density planting with drip irrigation and to study the yield performance and storability on onion in Nalanda region. The treatments consisted of factorial combination of three irrigation intervals (2, 4 and 6 days) and four population densities (2000000, 1333333,  1000000 and 666666 plants/ha) corresponding to 10 x 5, 10 x 7.5, 10 x 10 and 15 x 10 cm respectively. The experiments were laid out in randomized block design replicated three times. Results revealed that the highest marketable yield was significantly favoured by 2 days interval followed by 4 days. However, lower plant spacing 10 x 5 cm recorded higher plant height, minimum maturity days, grass and marketable bulb yield were significantly higher with plant spacing 10 x10 cm followed by 15 x10 cm. The marketable bulb yield was significantly higher with interaction of T7 (10 x10 cm with 2 days irrigation interval) 1000000 plant density and 2 days irrigation interval than other treatment combinations. From the results of the study, it can be concluded that 2 days interval irrigation with a plant density of 1000000 (10x10 cm) plants per hectare can be practised for maximum onion bulb yield.

scholarly journals Irrigation Scheduling through Drip/Surface Method: A Review on Growth, Yield, Nutrient Uptake and Water Productivity of Wheat

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sachin Himmatrao Malve ◽  
Ashok Saini ◽  
Praveen Rao V
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Irrigation Scheduling ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Considerable Saving ◽  
Time Of Application ◽  
Maximum Benefit ◽  
Water Scarce

Water is one of the most essential natural resource, which is often costly and limiting input particularly in arid and Semi-arid. Since water is the life line for accruing desired yield levels, its time of application, method of application and quantity applied levels besides saving water. Further, there is a need for judicious use of water to reap the maximum benefit from this limiting resource. Off late, amongst irrigation methods, drip irrigation plays a vital role in economizing irrigation water, higher water use efficiency and enhancing crop yield in water scarce areas. Many research findings also confirm considerable saving in irrigation water through adoption of precise irrigation method like drip irrigation. The response of wheat to surface check basin and drip irrigation is reviewed.

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