Ascochyta Blight and Weed Density Affected by the Rolling Times and the Packing Force Levels of Land Roller in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Production

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Gürsoy ◽  
C Özaslan ◽  
Z Türk
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Cicer Arietinum ◽  
Ascochyta Blight ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Weed Biomass ◽  
Cicer Arietinum L ◽  
Weed Density

A field experiment was conducted to examine the impacts of the rolling times [pre-emergence and post-emergence] and the packing force levels of land roller [0 kNm-1, 2.15 kNm-1, 2.70 kNm-1, 3.27 kNm-1, 3.84 kNm-1, 4.41 kNm-1] on the disease severity of Ascochyta blight (AB), total weed density, dry weed biomass weight, the density of dominant weed species and grain yield per plant in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) production. The effect of land rolling time on total weed density, dry weed biomass weight and grain weight per plant was not significant, but land rolling at post-emergence (61.34%) had significantly higher disease severity of AB than that at pre-emergence (51.87%). The packing force levels of land roller had a significant effect on the disease severity of AB, total weed density, dry weed biomass weight and grain yield per plant. The increased packing force of land roller increased the disease severity of AB. The dry weed biomass weight and total weed density was the highest at the 2.70 kNm-1 of the packing force while the 3.27 kNm-1 of the packing force resulted in the highest grain weight per plant among treatments.

scholarly journals Effect of Row Spacing and Seed Rate on Ascochyta Blight Severity and Yield of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) in Tunisia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ouji ◽  
S. Chekali ◽  
N. Chaieb ◽  
R. Hajri ◽  
M. Ben Younes
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Cicer Arietinum ◽  
Ascochyta Blight ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Ascochyta Rabiei ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Seed Rate ◽  
Cicer Arietinum L ◽  
Cropping Seasons

Background: In Tunisia, chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is the second major food legume. The development of chickpea production is facing several biotic constraints. Ascochyta blight (ABL) caused by Ascochyta rabiei (Pass.) Labr. is the most devastating disease and can cause complete yield losses under favorable conditions. In absence of chickpea variety totally resistance to ABL, some methods should be used to control and reduce this disease effects and help for its management. Therefore, this work was undertaken to evaluate the effect of row spacing and seed rate on ABL severity, growth and yield of chickpea. Methods: A split-plot design with three replicates was adopted to carry out this study during 2018 and 2019 cropping seasons. ‘Beja1’ chickpea variety was sown at 40 and 60 cm row spacing and at three seed rates (80, 110 and 140 kg ha-1). ABL severity was assessed visually on a 0-9 scale and agro morphological traits were measured. Analysis of variance was used to analyze the data. Correlations between agronomic traits, row spacing, seed rate and ABL severity were investigated. Result: Results showed that most of the variation in disease severity was associated with seed rate (r=0.61). The highest ABL score severity was noted at 140 kg ha-1 rate. Over both years, wide row spacing and low seed rate reduced ABL severity. Chickpea sown under narrow row spacing (40 cm) produced higher grain yield (1014 and 1099.7 kg ha-1 for 2018 and 2019 cropping seasons, respectively). Grain yield was tending to decrease with increasing sowing rates but at a density higher than optimal, grain yields decrease. In this study, ABL disease severity reached a score of 3.7 and 4.3 in 2018 and 2019, respectively. These disease severities levels had little effect on yield.

Associations between earliness, Ascochyta response, and grain yield in chickpea

2006 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 465 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Bonfil ◽  
Judith Lichtenzveig ◽  
I. Shai ◽  
A. Lerner ◽  
Sharon Tam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Cicer Arietinum ◽  
Ascochyta Blight ◽  
Temperature Response ◽  
Field Resistance ◽  
Late Flowering ◽  
Cicer Arietinum L ◽  
Moderate Field ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Advanced Generation

Evidence from an array of dryland systems suggests that chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) grain yield could be improved through better phenological adaptation. However, information on the relationship between phenology and Ascochyta response genes, and their possible interaction with biomass and grain yield, is missing. Accordingly, the aim of the present study was to determine the associations between the above factors and biomass and grain yield in chickpea. To that end, standard Israeli cultivars and advanced generation bulked progeny from the cv. Hadas × ICC5810 cross were used. Hadas is a late-flowering, high-yielding Israeli kabuli (0.45 g/seed) cultivar with moderate field resistance to Ascochyta blight, whereas ICC5810 is a day-neutral desi (0.15 g/seed) genotype with a strong temperature response, from India. Higher yields were observed among the late-flowering bulks of the Hadas × ICC5810 progeny. No relationship between the Ascochyta response and biomass and grain yield was observed. No interaction between the phenology and Ascochyta response grouping on biomass and grain yield was observed. The results demonstrate the feasibility of combining Ascochyta resistance with earlier flowering and its potential to improve chickpea adaptation to dryland systems.

scholarly journals Effect of weed control on the performance of transplant BRRI Dhan 32

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 271-278
Author(s):  
MS Islam ◽  
H Akter ◽  
S Aktar ◽  
J Miah ◽  
SSF Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Weed Density ◽  
Panicum Repens ◽  
Hand Weeding ◽  
Higher Doses

A field experiment was carried out at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during July to December 2003 to find out the effect of weed control on the performance of transplant Aman rice cv. BRRI Dhan 32. Weed control treatments  Included in the study were no weeding, one hand weeding, two hand weeding, one hand weeding+one weeding with Japanese rice weeder, Rift@ 0.5, 0.75, 1.0,  and 1.25 L ha-1 and Rostar@ 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, and 2.5 L ha-1. Important weed species found to infest the crop were Angta (Panicum repens), Acidgras (Ammania bacifera L.) Nackphulee (Cyperous difformis), Khudeshama (Echinochloa crusgalli) was the least important weed species. Higher doses of Rift 1.25L ha-1 and Ronstar 2.5 L ha-1 showed the best performance in reducing weed density and weed dry weight. The highest grain yield (5.0 4ton ha-1) was obtained from Ronstar 2.0 L ha-1 which was identical with the second highest grain yield (4.93 t ha-1) obtained from Rift 1.0 L ha-1. The highest net income of tk. 38915 ha-1 was obtained from Ronstar 2.0 L ha-1 and the next highest from Rift 1.0L ha-1.Progressive Agriculture 28 (4): 271-278, 2017

The critical weed-free period in glyphosate-resistant soybean in Ontario is similar to previous estimates using glyphosate-susceptible soybean

2019 ◽  
Vol 99 (4) ◽  
pp. 437-443
Author(s):  
Nader Soltani ◽  
Robert E. Nurse ◽  
Amit J. Jhala ◽  
Peter H. Sikkema
Keyword(s):  
Growth Stage ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Weed Biomass ◽  
Weed Density ◽  
Weed Interference ◽  
Beginning Of Flowering ◽  
Minimal Reduction

A study consisting of 13 field experiments was conducted during 2014–2016 in southwestern Ontario and southcentral Nebraska (Clay Center) to determine the effect of late-emerging weeds on the yield of glyphosate-resistant soybean. Soybean was maintained weed-free with glyphosate (900 g ae ha−1) up to the VC (cotyledon), V1 (first trifoliate), V2 (second trifoliate), V3 (third trifoliate), V4 (fourth trifoliate), and R1 (beginning of flowering) growth stages, after which weeds were allowed to naturally infest the soybean plots. The total weed density was reduced to 24%, 63%, 67%, 72%, 76%, and 92% in Environment 1 (Exeter, Harrow, and Ridgetown) when soybean was maintained weed-free up to the VC, V1, V2, V3, V4, and R1 soybean growth stages, respectively. The total weed biomass was reduced by 33%, 82%, 95%, 97%, 97%, and 100% in Environment 1 (Exeter, Harrow, and Ridgetown) and 28%, 100%, 100%, 100%, 100%, and 100% in Environment 2 (Clay Center) when soybean was maintained weed-free up to the VC, V1, V2, V3, V4, and R1 stages, respectively. The critical weed-free periods for a 2.5%, 5%, and 10% yield loss in soybean were the V1–V2, VC–V1, and VC–V1 soybean stages in Environment 1 (Exeter, Harrow, and Ridgetown) and V2–V3, V2–V3, and V1–V2 soybean stages in Environment 2 (Clay Center), respectively. For the weed species evaluated, there was a minimal reduction in weed biomass (5% or less) when soybean was maintained weed-free beyond the V3 soybean growth stage. These results shows that soybean must be maintained weed-free up to the V3 growth stage to minimize yield loss due to weed interference.

Evaluation of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) irradiation-induced mutants for resistance to ascochyta blight in controlled environment

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 311-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yassine Mabrouk ◽  
Kamel Charaabi ◽  
Djamel Mahiout ◽  
Martina Rickauer ◽  
Omrane Belhadj
Keyword(s):  
Cicer Arietinum ◽  
Ascochyta Blight ◽  
Controlled Environment ◽  
Cicer Arietinum L ◽  
Induced Mutants
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