scholarly journals ON THE POSSIBILITY OF THE RAPID ASSISTANCE TO PEOPLE AFTER A SINGLE EXPOSURE TO URANIUM HEXAFLUORIDE

2018 ◽  
Vol 97 (3) ◽  
pp. 213-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. P. Babenko ◽  
Andrey V. Badyin ◽  
A. V. Ovchinnikov
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Aerosol Particles ◽  
Toxic Substance ◽  
Theoretical Method ◽  
Uranium Hexafluoride ◽  
The Body ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Working Space ◽  
Hydrolysis Products

Introduction. The accidental release of uranium hexafluoride (UHF) is associated with the pollution of the air of the working premises with its hydrolysis products, containing toxic substances (uranium and fluorine). The intake of UHF hydrolysis products by is related to a negative impact on the human body. The magnitude and the rate of the exposure are determined by the amount of deposited toxic substances. Known methods for the determination of these amounts are based on the study of involved biological media (urine, blood, postmortem examination of all organs), requiring time-consuming, sometimes are critical for the preservation of the human life. In this paper, we propose a theoretical method for the detecting the amount of the deposited toxic substances. The calculation is based on models constructed by authors of this article. They describe successively: pollution of the working premises with UHF hydrolysis products, the input of toxic substances in the human body, uranium and passing fluorine through the body. The first model includes the following processes: hydrolysis, the formation of aerosol particles as on the deposition gas molecules and the wall of working space as on the human skin, deposition of the aerosol particles on the floor of the working space. With continuity equations written for the concentrations of molecules of substances of interest to us, the analytical expressions for n(z,t) - the concentration of atoms of a toxic substance at the height z at the time t; j(t) - flux density of toxic substance atoms on the surface of the skin at the time t. The second and third models describe percutaneous intake and inhalation of uranium and fluorine consisting of UHF hydrolysis products entering the human body, as well as toxic substances passed through the body. Results. There are presented results of calculating the amounts deposited in the body of uranium fluoride at various time points. There is given a comparison of these values with the experimental data in the literature on the quantity of uranium and fluorine, which enters the body to cause various organic and functional changes. Conclusion. The theoretical method of determining a person’s level of the destruction was concluded to allow extending the prediction of the development of adverse effects of uranium and fluorine without its prior survey, and choose the most effective methods of healthcare provision.

scholarly journals ABOUT CALCULATION OF THE DETERMINISTIC EFFECT OF PROTEINURIA IN EMPLOYEES OF ENRICHMENT PLANTS OF NUCLEAR INDUSTRY

2018 ◽  
Vol 97 (4) ◽  
pp. 315-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. P. Babenko ◽  
Andrey V. Badin
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
Theoretical Method ◽  
Uranium Hexafluoride ◽  
Nuclear Industry ◽  
The Body ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Urologic Diseases ◽  
Deterministic Effect

In this paper, we consider the impacts of gaseous uranium hexafluoride used at concentrating plants of the nuclear industry on the human body. The appearance of uranium hexafluoride in the air of the working premises is accompanied by hydrolysis and the formation of substances that can enter the human body and bring atoms of uranium and fluorine. The article describes the method of the determination of the working conditions preventing the development of occupational diseases in employees. The method is based both on the calculation of the number of toxic substances entering the human body in routine working conditions and comparison of this number with the threshold values for different deterministic effects. The proteinuria (protein content in urine) is selected as the considered deterministic effect. We used the published statistics on the threshold of the daily release from the human body toxic substances, long-entering the body in small doses and seem to be responsible for the occurrence of urologic diseases. The calculation was performed in the framework of a complex model describing the air pollution with products of hydrolysis of uranium hexafluoride entering of toxic substances in the human body, in working premises, as well as the passing of uranium and fluorine through the body. This model constructed by the authors of this article was described in previous publications. To ensure that the theoretical methods give the same results as the experimental, the results obtained by the standard method for employees of one of the enterprises of nuclear industry were compared with the data obtained using the theoretical method under the same working conditions. The considered theoretical method can complement and enrich the existing experimental methods for the identification of the onset of occupational diseases based on the sampling of different biomaterials from the employees working at enterprises.

scholarly journals On the calculated method for assessing the impact of hydrolysis products from uranium hexafluoride on the human body

2021 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-18
Author(s):  
Svetlana P. Babenko ◽  
Andrey V. Bad’in
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Calculation Method ◽  
Uranium Hexafluoride ◽  
The Body ◽  
Similar Process ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Chemical Transformations ◽  
Gaseous State ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The Impact

Introduction. This article refers to the authors’ calculation method for studying the effects UF6 (uranium hexafluoride, UHF) on the human body. A review of this method’s main ideas and the features of the approach to solving the problem at certain stages of the movement of UHF from being released into the air before entering the body is offered. The possibilities of the proposed method and its place in many well-known studies in this direction are described. Material and methods. The research material is UHF. It serves as the primary working substance in technologies for enriching natural uranium with the 235U isotope. UHF, due to various circumstances, appears in the production room in a gaseous state. A method for studying the effects of UHF on humans is to describe the distribution processes of UHF molecules in the volume of the working room, chemical transformations of UHF, physical transformations of the resulting products, i.e., all processes accompanied by the delivery of toxic substances and their transfer from the source to the person and before excretion from the body in a natural way. The description of these processes is carried out analytically. Results. Lists the results that can be obtained by calculation. Discussion. A discussion of the results is carried out in the following areas. The issue of the possibility of using the described calculation method to solve the problems of ensuring labor safety at work is considered. The question of trust in the calculated values characterizing the effect of UHF on the human body is being studied. To solve this problem, we compared the calculated results obtained for a particular process and the experimental ones implemented in a similar process. Conclusion. A conclusion is made regarding the advantages and disadvantages of the method under investigation for studying the effects of UHF on humans and determining their place among existing methods.

scholarly journals Recommendations for Choosing a Model Describing the Human Exposure to Uranium Hexafluoride

2020 ◽  
pp. 31-42
Author(s):  
S. P. Babenko ◽  
A. V. Bad'in
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Radiation Effect ◽  
Quantitative Description ◽  
Uranium Hexafluoride ◽  
Natural Uranium ◽  
Nuclear Industry ◽  
The Body ◽  
Radiological Protection ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Gaseous State

The article notes the fact that uranium hexafluoride (UHF) is the only uranium compound in a gaseous state under conditions close to normal to be used in the enrichment of natural uranium with an isotope. It is noted that during the hydrolysis of UHF in the air of a working room, this room is polluted with gases and aerosols that are carriers of uranium and fluorine atoms, which have a negative chemical and radiation effect on the human body. This, of course, poses problems when using uranium hexafluoride at the enterprises of the nuclear industry both in everyday work and, especially, in possible emergency situations. The problems lie with a need for protective measures, development of the quantitative assessment methods for the intake of toxic substances, and establishment of relationships between the amount of incorporated (ingested) substance and the measure of its effect on the body. A review of certain publications on the quantitative description of the uranium and fluorine intake in the body of employees is given. The paper notes an involvement of this article’s authors in solving this issue in their previous works too. Their calculation methods are described. The conditions under which they were carried out and the experimental results that they used were described. The article presents the calculation results both of the uranium mass intake in the body (by the time t) that characterizes the toxic effect of uranium and of the number Q of decays accumulated in the body that characterize the radiation effect. The uranium penetration through the skin (percutaneous intake) in an emergency and under normal production conditions is considered. There is given a description of two models suitable for calculations, which are distinguished by various accounting for metabolism when uranium moves from the UHF source to the exit from the human body in the natural way. It is indicated that one of the models was partially borrowed from publications of the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP). The results obtained using two different models are compared and recommendations are made regarding their use depending on the tasks assigned to the researcher.

PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND MOTOR CULTURE OF STUDENTS OF “REHABILITATION THERAPIST” SPECIALTY

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 2531-2536
Author(s):  
Anushka Uzunova ◽  
Mariyana Petrova ◽  
Katya Mollova
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Premature Mortality ◽  
The Body ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Personal Motivation ◽  
Analyze Data

Any movement of the human body associated with muscle contraction, resulting in energy expenditure which exceeds that during rest, is considered physical activity. Physical activity is directly related to health and quality of life. Reduced physical exercise is seen as one of the factors for the development of a number of socially significant diseases leading to premature mortality and/or disability. The regular and sufficient physical activity leads to morphological and functional changes in the body that can prevent or delay the onset and development of these diseases. Movement as a manifestation of the physical activity is a major tool in the rehab therapistʼs work for prevention, prophylaxis and treatment of various diseases. The purpose of the study is to identify and analyze data related to motion awareness and personal motivation of the future rehabilitation therapists. Material and Methods: Students from the specialty "Rehabilitation Therapist" were inquired through a direct individual survey.

scholarly journals Metabolomic blood test: purpose, implementation and interpretation of data

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 232-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.G. Lokhov ◽  
A.V. Lisitsa ◽  
A.I. Archakov
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Blood Test ◽  
The Body ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Average Life Expectancy ◽  
Biochemical Processes ◽  
Human Lifespan ◽  
Lump Sum ◽  
Chemical Purity ◽  
Sum Scores

The human body is an open system that receives a variety of xenobiotics in the course of dietary route or respiration and in the form of the drugs. As a lump sum scores of toxic and potentially toxic substances are detected in a human body that significantly affect health and human lifespan. There are also thousands of diseases, dozens of which latently occur in the body of each person. Traditional diagnosis is not able to screen all the variety of xenobiotics and potential human diseases. For this purpose metabolomic blood test is available which is of non-targeted (review) nature. The test can reveal all the diversity of low molecular weight substances in blood, including tens of thousands of xenobiotics and markers of different diseases. Detection of xenobiotics in the blood, directional detoxification and subsequent monitoring of “body's chemical purity” together with the control of “normality” of all biochemical processes in the organism, using metabolomics blood tests is a necessary and presumably a sufficient condition in the implementation of inherent human genotype longevity. This article describes the purpose, implementation and interpretation of metabolomic blood test facilitating the implementation of this method in the Russian Federation, in order to significantly increase the average life expectancy.

PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND MOTOR CULTURE OF STUDENTS OF “REHABILITATION THERAPIST” SPECIALTY

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 2531-2536
Author(s):  
Anushka Uzunova ◽  
Mariyana Petrova ◽  
Katya Mollova
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Premature Mortality ◽  
The Body ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Personal Motivation ◽  
Analyze Data

Any movement of the human body associated with muscle contraction, resulting in energy expenditure which exceeds that during rest, is considered physical activity. Physical activity is directly related to health and quality of life. Reduced physical exercise is seen as one of the factors for the development of a number of socially significant diseases leading to premature mortality and/or disability. The regular and sufficient physical activity leads to morphological and functional changes in the body that can prevent or delay the onset and development of these diseases. Movement as a manifestation of the physical activity is a major tool in the rehab therapistʼs work for prevention, prophylaxis and treatment of various diseases. The purpose of the study is to identify and analyze data related to motion awareness and personal motivation of the future rehabilitation therapists. Material and Methods: Students from the specialty "Rehabilitation Therapist" were inquired through a direct individual survey.

On the Dose Coefficient of Uranium Hexafluoride

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
pp. 11-17
Author(s):  
S. Babenko ◽  
A. Bad'in
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Exposure ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Radiation Effects ◽  
Nuclear Power Plants ◽  
Radiation Effect ◽  
Uranium Hexafluoride ◽  
The Body ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Hydrolysis Products

Introduction: Uranium hexafluoride (UF6, UHF) is a gaseous product containing uranium and fluorine. Once in the air, it interacts with water vapor and produces hydrolysis products that can penetrate the human body and lead to the chemical effects of uranium and fluorine, as well as the radiation effects of uranium on the body. This action can be very strong and therefore serious attention has been paid to its study for a long time. Purpose: Quantitative calculation of the radiation effects of uranium on humans and their analysis in the conditions of daily work at nuclear power plants, as well as in emergency situations. Material and methods: We consider uranium hexafluoride that appears under certain conditions in the air of the working rooms of some enterprises and describes methods for describing the distribution of UHF hydrolysis products to objects that can sense their effects. All these methods are combined into a single integrated model. The analytical expressions obtained in the framework of this model at various stages are given, which make it possible to calculate the radiation effect of UHF. Results: The calculated values of the characteristics of the radiation exposure are given, their analysis is carried out. The conditions are formulated under which there is a danger of serious radiation exposure of uranium hexafluoride to employees of nuclear power plants during everyday work and in emergency situations. Conclusion: Based on all the material presented, it is concluded that the constructed mathematical model reliably describes the event in question and allows us to calculate the radiation effect of uranium on humans.

scholarly journals РОЗРОБКА МЕТОДУ ОЦІНКИ ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ ДЕКОНТАМІНАЦІЇ ФОСФОРОРГАНІЧНИХ СПОЛУК

2019 ◽  
Vol 126 (5) ◽  
pp. 114-122
Author(s):  
В. І. Бессарабов ◽  
Л. М. Вахітова ◽  
Г. І. Кузьміна ◽  
О. П. Баула ◽  
В. М. Лісовий ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Alkaline Hydrolysis ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Model System ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Hydrolysis Products ◽  
Model Substance ◽  
Butyrylcholinesterase Activity

Development of a method for evaluating the efficiency of decontamination in terms of the integral effects of the splitting of toxic substances on the human body. Paraoxon  is  the  model  substance  of  the  characteristic  chemical  structure  and toxicological characteristics. As a model system for determining the toxicity of paraoxone and its alkaline hydrolysis  products, the  inhibition  of  human  serum  butyrylcholinesterase  was  used.  Determination  of butyrylcholinesterase  activity  was  performed  ex  vivo  spectrophotometrically  using  the  modified  Ellman method.

Dynamical Peculiarities of Concatenational Changes in Functional Cardiovascular Parameters

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (82) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eurelija Venskaitytė ◽  
Jonas Poderys ◽  
Tadas Česnaitis
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Time Series Analysis ◽  
Functional State ◽  
The Body ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
High Intensity Training ◽  
Series Analysis ◽  
Greco Roman ◽  
St Segment ◽  
Standard Lead

Research  background  and  hypothesis.  Traditional  time  series  analysis  techniques,  which  are  also  used  for the analysis of cardiovascular signals, do not reveal the relationship between the  changes in the indices recorded associated with the multiscale and chaotic structure of the tested object, which allows establishing short-and long-term structural and functional changes.Research aim was to reveal the dynamical peculiarities of interactions of cardiovascular system indices while evaluating the functional state of track-and-field athletes and Greco-Roman wrestlers.Research methods. Twenty two subjects participated in the study, their average age of 23.5 ± 1.7 years. During the study standard 12 lead electrocardiograms (ECG) were recorded. The following ECG parameters were used in the study: duration of RR interval taken from the II standard lead, duration of QRS complex, duration of JT interval and amplitude of ST segment taken from the V standard lead.Research  results.  Significant  differences  were  found  between  inter-parametric  connections  of  ST  segment amplitude and JT interval duration at the pre and post-training testing. Observed changes at different hierarchical levels of the body systems revealed inadequate cardiac metabolic processes, leading to changes in the metabolic rate of the myocardium and reflected in the dynamics of all investigated interactions.Discussion and conclusions. It has been found that peculiarities of the interactions of ECG indices interactions show the exposure of the  functional changes in the body at the onset of the workload. The alterations of the functional state of the body and the signs of fatigue, after athletes performed two high intensity training sessions per day, can be assessed using the approach of the evaluation of interactions between functional variables. Therefore the evaluation of the interactions of physiological signals by using time series analysis methods is suitable for the observation of these processes and the functional state of the body.Keywords: electrocardiogram, time series, functional state.

Immunological mechanisms of chronic liver lesions under the influence of chemicals

2020 ◽  
pp. 536-537
Author(s):  
G. S. Agzamova ◽  
M. M. Abdullaeva
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Chronic Liver ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Liver Lesions ◽  
Industrial Chemicals ◽  
Toxic Agent ◽  
Chronic Poisoning ◽  
Immunological Mechanisms ◽  
T System

The immunological profile of chronic liver lesions depending on the toxic agent was studied. It was revealed that chronic poisoning by industrial toxic substances causes changes in the functional state of the T-system of immunity, long-term contact with industrial chemicals leads to increased sensitization to autoantigens of the body.

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