scholarly journals SOME CLINICAL AND EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF THE MAXILLOFACIAL AREA PHLEGMONS

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 241-244
Author(s):  
G. I Schtraube ◽  
Iosif A. Boev ◽  
A. P Godovalov ◽  
G. I Antakov
Keyword(s):  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Maxillofacial Region ◽  
Aged Patients ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
City Population ◽  
Microbial Associations ◽  
Gram Positive Cocci

Introduction. It is known that the number of patients with phlegmons does not tend to decrease, which can be due to both disease pathomorphosis and changes in the epidemiological features of this pathology. In addition, a significant contribution to the development of the disease makes the characteristics of the comorbidity background. The aim of the study was to assess the clinical and epidemiological aspects of the morbidity of the Perm city population with the maxillofacial area phlegmons. Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of 137 case reports ofpatients with facial phlegmon was carried out. Results. It is shown that young and middle-aged patients dominated in the age structure of the disease. Phlegmons often localized in 1-2 spaces. In more than half the cases, the phlegmons was in the submandibular space. Among the etiological factors of the disease, the leading place is occupied by gram-positive cocci and their associations. An essential role of anaerobic microflora in the pathogenesis of phlegmons has been established. Microorganisms of the Enterobacteriaceae family play a significant role in the formation of inter-microbial associations in the development of this pathology. Often phlegmons of the maxillofacial region are found in patients with concomitant somatic pathology. With a comorbid component, more frequent detection of microorganism associations is indicated. In addition, such patients enter the hospital much later. Conclusion. Thus, when assessing clinical and epidemiological data, it is shown that the phlegmons of the maxillofacial region occur, as a rule, in young and middle age, and also in the presence of comorbid pathology. A significant contribution to the development of the disease is made by associations of microorganisms, which may include a change in the severity ofpathogenicity factors.

scholarly journals Informative value of various methods used to study fungi in paranasal sinuses` noninvasive mycosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 111-113
Author(s):  
V G Mironov ◽  
S A Bannikov ◽  
N V Boiko
Keyword(s):  
Paranasal Sinuses ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Fungal Sinusitis ◽  
Sphenoidal Sinus ◽  
Persistent Viral Infection ◽  
White Flour ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Microbial Associations ◽  
Two Temperature

The increase in the number of patients with persistent viral infection, as well as the use of antibacterial drugs, caused the increase in the population of patients with a high risk of developing fungal diseases. In the content of paranasal sinuses, a more than half of the patients with chronic sinusitis showed fungi or fungal-microbial associations. Despite the fact that the epidemiological data in the publications of modern national and foreign researchers on fungal rhinosinusitis are rather discrepant, it is quite decisive that the prevalence of fungal sinusitis has a significant tendency to grow, especially in the last decade. The informativeness of the microscopic, microbiological, and pathomorphological studies of the surgical material with the aim of fungal balls detection. The results contents of paranasal sinuses in 148 patients who had undergone endonasal endoscopic surgical intervention. Computer tomography the maxillary sinus in 113 patients, in the sphenoidal sinus in 25 patients, in the ethmoidal sinus in 7 patients, and in the frontal sinus in 3 patients. With microscopy of native material and preparations stained with white flour white, the presence of fungi is revealed 114 and 136 patients (77 and 91,9%) correspondingly. When sowing the contents of the sinuses onto elective media its cultivation under two temperature conditions (28 and 37оС) revealed growth of filamentous fungi in 26 (17,6%) patients. Histopathological examination confirmed the clinical diagnosis of a fungal ball in 128 (86,5%) patients. The most informative method for detecting the fungal body is the microscopy of preparations stained with white flour white.

The role of dentists and maxillofacial surgeons during the great patriotic war

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 0-0 ◽  
Author(s):  
Губин ◽  
M. Gubin ◽  
Кравчук ◽  
E Kravchuk
Keyword(s):  
Medical Care ◽  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Maxillofacial Region ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Secondary Bleeding ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Scientific Papers ◽  
The Face

The article presents an overview of medical care in oral and maxillofacial pathology in the Great Patriotic War. The authors examine issues related to the organization of specialized maxillofacial evacuation hospitals and maxillofacial department in general surgical hospitals, they consider the basic principles of evacuation maxillofacial patients in the direction and by appointment. Issues of medical care for injuries of the face and neck, primary and secondary bleeding, fractures of jaws and traumatic osteomyelitis, and the provision of medical care in patients with combined pathology of the face and neck are covered in the review. The analysis of scientific papers and dissertations of maxillofacial surgeons and dentists published in the period from 1941 to 1945 is carried out. The authors raise issues concerning the organization of scientific conferences, meetings, and national meetings to assist maxillofacial wounded during the war. They cover the issues of surgical restoration of lost and deformed tissues of the maxillofacial region, the manufacture of orthopedic devices with defects of the chin, lips, cheeks, jaws, palate and nose. A greater role of doctors D.A. Entin, S.N. Vaysblat, A.E. Verlotsky, L.M. Lindenbaum, A.I. Evdokimov, I.G. Lukomsky, G.I. Kowarski, G.A. Vasilyev, A.E. Rauera, N.M. Michel-son, M.B. Fabrikant in the development of military maxillofacial surgery and dentistry is demonstrated. The authors demonstrate a significant contribution of courage and heroism of maxillofacial surgeons and dentists in the victory over the fascist invaders during the Great Patriotic War.

THE ROLE OF MULTI DETECTOR COMPUTERIZED TOMOGRAPHY (MDCT) IN EVALUATION OF MAXILLOFACIAL FRACTURES.

2021 ◽  
pp. 55-58
Author(s):  
P. Mamatha ◽  
V. Venkatarathnam ◽  
R. Ramesh Kumar ◽  
Hameed Arafath
Keyword(s):  
Computerized Tomography ◽  
Surgical Planning ◽  
Nasal Bone ◽  
Facial Trauma ◽  
Facial Fractures ◽  
Maxillofacial Region ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Maxillofacial Fractures ◽  
Classi Cation

Objective: The purpose of our study was to assess the role of Multidetector Computerized tomography in the evaluation of maxillofacial fractures and to describe the frequency and types of fractures that underwent CT scans. Subjects And Methods: The study included 50 patients suspected of facial trauma referred from the emergency unit from PESIMSR ,Kuppam. All patients were subjected to non contrast MDCT in axial cuts and images are transferred to workstation then coronal and sagittal reconstruction obtained. Results: There were 37 male and 13 female patients. The maximum number of patients fall into 21-40 years followed by 41 to 60 years .50 patients had total 170 fractures. It was found that the maxillary sinus is the most common to be fractured (found in 24 cases) followed by nasal bone (18) , zygomatic arch (17), mandible (13) ,greater wing of sphenoid (9), sphenoid sinus (8), frontal sinus (7) ,pterygoid plates (7), bony nasal septum (6) ,ethmoid sinus (3).Among complex facial fractures orbital fractures are the most frequent (found in 47 cases), followed by zygomatico-maxillary junction fractures (4) ,Tripod fractures( 4) , and Naso-orbito-ethmoid region fractures (3). Conclusion: Maxillofacial trauma is one of the most common emergency requiring accurate and early diagnosis. MDCT is useful diagnostic tool for the identication and classication of maxillofacial region fractures and aiding in surgical planning.

Economic Development of Bangladesh: The Role of IBBL

IIUC Studies ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 323-334
Author(s):  
Shafiqur Rahman ◽  
Nicholas McDonald
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Rural Economy ◽  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Annual Report ◽  
Housing Sector

This paper presents the role of Islami Bank Bangladesh Limited (IBBL) to the recent economic development in Bangladesh. The study analyses published texts, articles, websites and annual report of this bank through a content analysis. Key findings of this study manifest the contribution of this bank in different areas of economic development in Bangladesh like generating employment, earning foreign remittance, strengthening rural economy, promoting ecology and green banking, boosting industrialization, developing the SMEs, assisting in foreign trade (import-export), developing the housing sector etc. This study also identifies IBBL’s significant contribution to the national exchequer. This paper contributes to the field of economic development of Bangladesh and the role of IBBL behind it and fills the gap of literature in this specific area.IIUC Studies Vol.9 December 2012: 323-334

The Use of Posterior Pericardiotomy Technique to Prevent Postoperative Pericardial Effusion in Cardiac Surgery

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Canturk Cakalagaoglu ◽  
Cengiz Koksal ◽  
Ayse Baysal ◽  
Gokhan Alici ◽  
Birol Ozkan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Heart Surgery ◽  
Artery Bypass ◽  
Pericardial Tamponade ◽  
Anxiety Level ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Echocardiographic Study ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Hospital Stays

<p><b>Aim:</b> The goal was to determine the effectiveness of the posterior pericardiotomy technique in preventing the development of early and late pericardial effusions (PEs) and to determine the role of anxiety level for the detection of late pericardial tamponade (PT).</p><p><b>Materials and Methods:</b> We divided 100 patients randomly into 2 groups, the posterior pericardiotomy group (n = 50) and the control group (n = 50). All patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting surgery (CABG), valvular heart surgery, or combined valvular and CABG surgeries were included. The posterior pericardiotomy technique was performed in the first group of 50 patients. Evaluations completed preoperatively, postoperatively on day 1, before discharge, and on postoperative days 5 and 30 included electrocardiographic study, chest radiography, echocardiographic study, and evaluation of the patient's anxiety level. Postoperative causes of morbidity and durations of intensive care unit and hospital stays were recorded.</p><p><b>Results:</b> The 2 groups were not significantly different with respect to demographic and operative data (<i>P</i> > .05). Echocardiography evaluations revealed no significant differences between the groups preoperatively; however, before discharge the control group had a significantly higher number of patients with moderate, large, and very large PEs compared with the pericardiotomy group (<i>P</i> < .01). There were 6 cases of late PT in the control group, whereas there were none in the pericardiotomy group (<i>P</i> < .05). Before discharge and on postoperative day 15, the patients in the pericardiotomy group showed significant improvement in anxiety levels (<i>P</i> = .03 and .004, respectively). No differences in postoperative complications were observed between the 2 groups.</p><p><b>Conclusion:</b> Pericardiotomy is a simple, safe, and effective method for reducing the incidence of PE and late PT after cardiac surgery. It also has the potential to provide a better quality of life.</p>

Participation of ABCA1 transporter in development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 360-370
Author(s):  
Stanislav N. Kotlyarov ◽  
Anna A. Kotlyarova
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Lipid Homeostasis ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Reverse Transport ◽  
Current Paradigm

Despite all achievements of the modern medicine, the problem of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) does not lose its relevance. The current paradigm suggests a key role of macrophages in inflammation in COPD. Macrophages are known to be heterogeneous in their functions. This heterogeneity is determined by their immunometabolic profile and also by peculiarities of lipid homeostasis of cells. Aim. To analyze the role of the ABCA1 transporter, a member of the ABC A subfamily, in the pathogenesis of COPD. The expression of ABCA1 in lung tissues is on the second place after the liver, which shows the important role of the carrier and of lipid homeostasis in the function of lungs. Analysis of the literature shows that participation of the transporter in inflammation consists in regulation of the content of cholesterol in the lipid rafts of the membranes, in phagocytosis and apoptosis. Conclusion. Through regulation of the process of reverse transport of cholesterol in macrophages of lungs, ABCA1 can change their inflammatory response, which makes a significant contribution to the pathogenesis of COPD.

STEROID RECEPTOR PHENOTYPE, EXPRESSION OF HER-2/NEU, PD-1, PD-L1 AND LYMPHOCYTIC-MACROPHAGAL INFILTRATION OF ENDOMETRIAL CARCINOMAS: COMPARISON OF MODERN MOLECULAR BIOLOGICAL TYPES OF THE DISEASE (THE ROLE OF BODY MASS INDEX)

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-78
Author(s):  
Lev Bershteyn ◽  
Aleksandr Ivantsov ◽  
Aglaya Ievleva ◽  
A. Venina ◽  
I. Berlev
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Tumor Tissue ◽  
Immunohistochemical Analysis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Molecular Profile ◽  
Total N ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Her 2

The aim of this study was to evaluate steroid receptors’ status of tumor tissue in different molecular biological types of endometrial cancer (EC), subdivided according to the current classification, and their colonization by lymphocytic and macrophage cells, taking into account body mass index of the patients. Materials and methods: Material from treatment-naive patients with EC (total n = 229) was included; the number of sick persons varied depending on the method used. The average age of patients was close to 60 years, and about 90% of them were postmenopausal. It was possible to divide the results of the work into two main subgroups: a) depending on the molecular biological type of the tumor (determined on the basis of genetic and immunohistochemical analysis), and b) depending on the value of the body mass index (BMI). The latter approach was used in patients with EC type demonstrating a defective mismatch repair of the incorrectly paired nucleotides (MMR-D) and with a type without characteristic molecular profile signs (WCMP), but was not applied (due to the smaller number of patients) in EC types with a POLE gene mutation or with expression of the oncoprotein p53. According to the data obtained, when comparing various types of EC, the lowest values of Allred ER and PR scores were revealed for POLE-mutant and p53 types, while the “triple-negative” variant of the tumor (ER-, PR-, HER2/neu-) was most common in POLE-mutant (45.5% of cases) and WCMP (19.4%) types of EC. The p53+ type of EC is characterized by inclination to the higher expression of the macrophage marker CD68 and lymphocytic Foxp3, as well as mRNA of PD-1 and SALL4. In addition to the said above, for WCMP type of EC is peculiar, on the contrary, a decrease in the expression of lymphocytic markers CD8 (protein) and PD-L1 (mRNA). When assessing the role of BMI, its value of >30.0 (characteristic for obesity) was combined with an inclination to the increase of HER-2/neu expression in the case of MMR-D EC type and to the decrease of HER-2 /neu, FOXp3 and ER expression in WCMP type. Conclusions: The accumulated information (mainly describing here hormonal sensitivity of the tumor tissue and its lymphocytic-macrophage infiltration) additionally confirms our earlier expressed opinion that the differences between women with EC are determined by both the affiliation of the neoplasm to one or another molecular biological type (subdivided according to the contemporary classification), as well as by body mass value and (very likely) the associated hormonal and metabolic attributes.

Anti-toxicant Properties of Saffron and Relevance to Protection from Toxins and Drugs

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-283
Author(s):  
Kyriaki Hatziagapiou ◽  
George I. Lambrou
Keyword(s):  
Redox Reactions ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Crocus Sativus ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Nitrogen Species ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Crocus Sativus L

Background: Reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species, which are collectively called reactive oxygen nitrogen species, are inevitable by-products of cellular metabolic redox reactions, such as oxidative phosphorylation in the mitochondrial respiratory chain, phagocytosis, reactions of biotransformation of exogenous and endogenous substrata in endoplasmic reticulum, eicosanoid synthesis, and redox reactions in the presence of metal with variable valence. Among medicinal plants there is a growing interest in Crocus sativus L. It is a perennial, stemless herb, belonging to Iridaceae family, cultivated in various countries such as Greece, Italy, Spain, Israel, Morocco, Turkey, Iran, India, China, Egypt and Mexico. Objective: The present study aims to address the anti-toxicant role of Crocus sativus L. in the cases of toxin and drug toxification. Materials and Methods: An electronic literature search was conducted by the two authors from 1993 to August 2017. Original articles and systematic reviews (with or without meta-analysis), as well as case reports were selected. Titles and abstracts of papers were screened by a third reviewer to determine whether they met the eligibility criteria, and full texts of the selected articles were retrieved. Results: The authors focused on literature concerning the role of Crocus Sativus L. as an anti-toxicant agent. Literature review showed that Saffron is a potent anti-toxicant agent with a plethora of applications ranging from anti-oxidant properties, to chemotherapy protective effects. Conclusion: Literature findings represented in current review herald promising results for using Crocus Sativus L. and/or its active constituents as anti-toxicant, chemotherapy-induced protection and toxin protection.

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