scholarly journals Nativity, Family, Disability: Results from the Hispanic Established Populations for the Epidemiologic Study of the Elderly

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-262
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Vasquez ◽  
Weihui Zhang ◽  
Joanna Dreby ◽  
Sunghee Lee ◽  
Anda Botoseneanu
Keyword(s):  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Family Support ◽  
Mexican Americans ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Epidemiologic Study ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Foreign Born ◽  
Cohort Differences ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Over Time

Objectives: Nativity and family support may influence attitudes and behaviors that delay or accelerate the disability process in older adults. The objectives of this study were twofold: 1) to evaluate nativity and migration cohort differences in trajecto­ries of disability (assessed by activities of daily living [ADL]) among older Mexican Americans; and 2) to determine the role of objectively measured family support in the association between nativity, migration cohort, and disability changes over time.Methods: This is a longitudinal study with up to 18 years follow-up (1993-2011) using data from the Hispanic Established Populations for the Epidemiologic Study of the Elderly (N=2,785, mean age =72.4 years). Disability was assessed using self-reported limitations in activities of daily living (ADL). Nativity and migration cohort were self-reported. Family support was as­sessed by marital status and the number of their children participants saw each month. Linear growth curve models evaluated the trajectory of ADL disability over 18 years and assessed variations by nativity status, migration cohort and family support.Results: Foreign-born respondents who migrated before age 20 had more starting ADL limitations (β= .36, P<.001) and ac­cumulated disability faster (β=.04, P<.01) compared with their US-born counterparts. In contrast, foreign-born respondents who migrated at later ages showed disability trajectories similar to US-born respondents. Married respondents had a lower level of disability (β= -.14, P<.01) and a lower rate of accumulation over time (β= -.02, P=.001) compared with participants who were not married.Discussion: Mexican Americans who migrate at younger ages may experience greater disability over time; however, family support may help mitigate the accumula­tion of disability among older Mexican Americans.Ethn Dis. 2021;31(2):253-262; doi:10.18865/ed.31.2.253

scholarly journals NATIVITY AND DISABILITY TRAJECTORIES AMONG TWO COHORTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S481-S481
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Vasquez ◽  
Weihui Zhang ◽  
Anda Botoseneanu
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Mexican Americans ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Epidemiologic Study ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Quadratic Growth ◽  
Foreign Born ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Iadl Disability

Abstract Nativity is an important characteristic in the context of disability in older adults, as it may influence attitudes and behaviors that can delay or accelerate the disability process. This study aims to assess trajectories of disability (defined as lower-body functional limitations, limitations in daily and instrumental activities of daily living, and gross mobility) in foreign-born and US-born Mexican Americans between 1993 and 2013. We used eight waves (1993 -2013) from the Hispanic Established Populations for the Epidemiologic Study of the Elderly (HEPESE; N=3050, mean age at baseline=73.6 (±6.8). Disability was assessed using self-reported limitations in activities of daily living (ADL /IADL). Nativity and age-at-migration were collected by self-report. We used linear and quadratic growth curve models to evaluate the trajectory of ADL/IADL disability over a period of 20 years and assessed variations by nativity status while adjusting for potential confounders. Approximately 19% of foreign-born and 17% of US-born reported having at least one ADL, while 51.5% natives and 58.7% of foreign-born had at least one IADL. Our results showed that after controlling for age at baseline, sex, marital status, self-reported health, chronic conditions, and education, foreign-born older adults were less likely to have ADL/IADL disability at baseline, but exhibited a faster rate of increase in disability over time (β =0.31 for ADL, β=0.07 for IADL). Our findings show that foreign-born older adults are accumulating disability at faster compared with their native peers, highlighting the importance of evaluating nativity differences in the health outcomes of Hispanic population at old age.

A Longitudinal Study of Cognitive and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Disablement Among the Oldest Mexican Americans

2021 ◽  
pp. 089826432110375
Author(s):  
Jiwon Kim ◽  
Jacqueline L. Angel ◽  
Sunshine M. Rote
Keyword(s):  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Mexican Americans ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Oldest Old ◽  
Epidemiologic Study ◽  
Mobility Limitations ◽  
Limited Mobility ◽  
Community Activities ◽  
Instrumental Activities

Objectives Mexican Americans live longer on average than other ethnic groups, but often with protracted cognitive and physical disability. Little is known, however, about the role of cognitive decline for transitions in instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) disability and tertiary outcomes of the IADL disablement for the oldest old (after 80 years old). Methods We employ the Hispanic Established Populations for the Epidemiologic Study of the Elderly (2010–2011, 2012–2013, and 2016, N = 1,078) to investigate the longitudinal patterns of IADL decline using latent transition analysis. Results Three IADL groups were identified: independent (developing mobility limitations), emerging dependence (limited mobility and community activities), and dependent (limited mobility and household and community activities). Declines in cognitive function were a consistent predictor of greater IADL disablement, and loneliness was a particularly salient distal outcome for emerging dependence. Discussion These results highlight the social consequences of cognitive decline and dependency as well as underscore important areas of intervention at each stage of the disablement process.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Trends in Morbidity and Disability Among Older Mexican Americans in the Southwestern United States, 1993–2013

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 311-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc A. Garcia ◽  
Adriana M. Reyes
Keyword(s):  
Mexican Americans ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Mexican American ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Activity Of Daily Living ◽  
Foreign Born ◽  
Age Cohorts ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Reduced Activity

This study examines the prevalence of morbidity and disability among older Mexican Americans using 5-year age groups. Twenty-year panel data from the Hispanic Established Populations for the Epidemiological Study of the Elderly are used to make detailed comparisons by nativity and gender. Results show that prevalence rates for most chronic conditions for both males and females do not vary by nativity. For disabilities, nativity is a significant predictor of increased instrumental activity of daily living disability for foreign-born females and reduced activity of daily living disability for U.S.-born males. Additionally, results show significant interactions between nativity and age cohorts, with the gap increasing with age for males and decreasing with age for females. These results have important implications for health services and health policy. Given the rapid aging of the Mexican American population, the prevention and treatment of medical conditions, particularly among the foreign-born, should be a major public health priority to reduce dependence from disabilities.

scholarly journals Understanding Transitions in IADL and Their Consequences for Cognitive Impairment Among Older Mexican Americans

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 333-334
Author(s):  
Jiwon Kim ◽  
Jacqueline Angel ◽  
Sunshine Rote
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mexican Americans ◽  
Oldest Old ◽  
Epidemiologic Study ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cognitive Frailty ◽  
Transition Analysis ◽  
Socioeconomic Resources ◽  
Iadl Disability ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Mexican Americans tend to live longer lives than other ethnic groups, but it remains unclear how this trend influences the trajectory of disability and its consequences for cognitive frailty. Building on previous research, we assess transitions in IADL among the oldest old. We use data from three waves of the Hispanic Established Population of the Epidemiologic Study of the Elderly (H-EPESE) to investigate trajectories of IADL disability as individuals’ age into their 80s and 90s, a period of the life course with much higher rates of morbidity and decreasing socioeconomic resources. The H-EPESE is a benchmark longitudinal cohort study based on an original sample of 3,050 Mexican-Americans aged 65 and older in the Southwestern United States. Our modeling approach estimates transitions in patterns of IADL employing the Latent Transition Analysis (LTA). Results revealed three heterogeneous latent classes: high IADLs, difficulty in transportation and mobility, and low IADLs. Those with high IADLs tended to remain in the same class over time. Individuals having difficulty in transportation and mobility tended to stay in the same class or transfer to high IADLs, whereas those with overall low IADLs transferred to either the same class or to difficulty in transportation and mobility. Additional analysis revealed that cognitive impairment was a significant predictor of instrumental disability over time. Furthermore, females were more likely than males to belong to difficulty in transportation or mobility class than to the low IADL class. Our results highlight the long term consequences of cognitive decline on IADL limitations.

scholarly journals Cognitive Impairment and Decline in Physical Function Among Older Mexican Americans Over 20 Years

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 896-896
Author(s):  
Amy Givan ◽  
Soham Al Snih
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Mexican Americans ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
P Value ◽  
Mixed Model Analysis

Abstract The aim of this study was to examine cognitive function as a predictor of physical function decline over a 20-year follow-up period among older Mexican Americans who were non-disabled and were able to complete the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) at baseline. The sample consisted of 2,232 Hispanics 65 years and older from the Hispanic Established Population for the Epidemiological Study of the Elderly. Measures included socio-demographics, self-reported medical conditions, body mass index (BMI), disability, depressive symptoms, limitations in activities of daily living, Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), and SPPB. General linear mixed models were used to estimate changes in SPPB over time as a function of MMSE. At baseline, 11% of the participants had cognitive impairment (MMSE &lt; 21) and the average SPPB score for those with and without cognitive impairment was 7.16 + 2.75 and 7.81 + 2.36, respectively. Mixed model analysis showed that those with cognitive impairment (MMSE &lt; 21) experienced a decline in the SPPB of 0.34 points per year (Standard Error = 0.09, p-value = 0.0002) after controlling for all covariates. Other significant predictor factors of decline in the SPPB were older age, depressive symptoms, diabetes, any assistance with activities of daily living, having had a hip fracture, and high BMI. Cognitive impairment predicted decline in physical function among older Mexican Americans who were non-disabled at baseline. These findings underscore the need of developing interventions to maintain cognitive and physical function to delay or prevent disability in this underserved population with high rates of disability.

scholarly journals The Role of Physical Activity and Physical Function on the Risk of Falls in Older Mexican Americans

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 342-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zakkoyya H. Lewis ◽  
Kyriakos S. Markides ◽  
Kenneth J. Ottenbacher ◽  
Soham Al Snih
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Mexican Americans ◽  
Mexican American ◽  
Epidemiologic Study ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
High Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Of Falls ◽  
Over Time

We investigated the relationship between physical activity and physical function on the risk of falls over time in a cohort of Mexican-American adults aged 75 and older from the Hispanic Established Population for the Epidemiologic Study of the Elderly (H-EPESE). Participants were divided into four groups according to their level of physical activity and physical function: low physical activity and low physical function (n = 453); low physical activity and high physical function (n = 54); high physical activity and low physical function (n = 307); and high physical activity and high physical function (n = 197). Using generalized linear equation estimation, we showed that participants with high physical activity and low physical function had a greater fall risk over time, followed by the high physical activity and high physical function group. Participants seldom took part in activities that improve physical function. To prevent falls, modifications to physical activity should be made for older Mexican Americans.

scholarly journals The Role of Education in the Relationship Between Age of Migration to the United States and Risk of Cognitive Impairment Among Older Mexican Americans

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 411-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Downer ◽  
Marc A. Garcia ◽  
Joseph Saenz ◽  
Kyriakos S. Markides ◽  
Rebeca Wong
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mexican Americans ◽  
Epidemiologic Study ◽  
Decomposition Analysis ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The United States ◽  
Foreign Born ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Relationship

Prior research indicates age of migration is associated with cognitive health outcomes among older Mexican Americans; however, factors that explain this relationship are unclear. This study used eight waves from the Hispanic Established Populations for the Epidemiologic Study of the Elderly to examine the role of education in the risk for cognitive impairment (CI) by nativity, age of migration, and gender. Foreign-born women had a higher risk for CI than U.S.-born women, regardless of age of migration. After adjusting for education, this risk remained significant only for late-life migrant women (risk ratio [RR] = 1.28). Foreign-born men who migrated at >50 had significantly higher risk for CI compared to U.S.-born men (RR = 1.33) but not significant after adjusting for education. Findings from a decomposition analysis showed education significantly mediated the association between age of migration and CI. This study highlights the importance of education in explaining the association between age of migration and CI.

scholarly journals Metabolic Risk and Depression among Elderly Mexican Americans: The Roles of Nativity Status of Nativity Status

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-252
Author(s):  
Weihui Zhang ◽  
Elizabeth Vasquez ◽  
Anda Botoseneanu ◽  
Recai Yucel
Keyword(s):  
Mexican Americans ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Epidemiologic Study ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Life Course Perspective ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Foreign Born ◽  
Nativity Status ◽  
Age At Migration ◽  
Using Data

Objective: To evaluate the relationship be­tween metabolic risk (MR) and depression in a sample of older Mexican Americans and examine whether the association differs by age at migration.Methods: Longitudinal study using data from the Hispanic Established Populations for the Epidemiologic Study of the Elderly (HEPESE) (N=807, mean age = 84.3). The analytical sample was compiled from wave 6 (2007) to wave 7 (2010-2011) of HEPESE. Random-effect logistic regression examined the association between MR and depression and tested the model stratified by nativity status and age at migration.Results: MR was associated with higher odds of depression for US-born Mexican Americans after controlling for potential confounders. Similarly, among Mexican Americans who migrated before age 20, MR was associated with higher odds of depres­sion.Conclusion: The findings highlight the importance of age at migration when evalu­ating the health of foreign-born Mexican Americans from a life-course perspective. Particularly among Mexican Americans who migrated before age 20, those with MR were more vulnerable to depression than their counterparts without MR.Ethn Dis. 2021;31(2):243-252; doi:10.18865/ed.31.2.243

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