scholarly journals Development of Nursing Theory and Science in Vulnerable Populations Research

2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adeline Nyamathi ◽  
Deborah Koniak-Griffin ◽  
Barbara Ann Greengold
Keyword(s):  
Health Disparities ◽  
Vulnerable Populations ◽  
Conceptual Models ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Leadership Role ◽  
Nursing Research ◽  
Nursing Theory ◽  
Strategic Plans ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Impact

Inequalities with respect to the distribution of societal resources can predispose people to vulnerability, which has led to a growing concern across America. The Federal Government has taken a leadership role and has launched several initiatives to combat health inequalities experienced by vulnerable populations. The National Institute of Health and all of its institutes, including the National Institute of Nursing Research, have written strategic plans to reduce, and ultimately, eliminate such health disparities. Nursing research has been conducted in the setting of vulnerable populations; several theoretical models for studying vulnerability have been created; and interventional studies designed to reduce health disparities have been implemented. This introduction includes the following: (a) a definition of the concept of vulnerability and health disparities; (b) a discussion of the conceptual models of vulnerability and health disparity and their applications; (c) a description of the impact of federal funding on vulnerable populations research; (d) a synopsis of the contributions made by nurse researchers in the field of vulnerable populations research; and (e) an overview of the volume.

scholarly journals THE “CRIMINAL LAW OF VICTIM” AS A CRIMINAL LAW MODEL

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 14-19
Author(s):  
Irina Aleksandrovna Tretyak
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Law ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Criminal Liability ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Legal Personality ◽  
Basic Model ◽  
Legal Method ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Impact

The subject. The article is devoted to analysis of the basic models of criminal law and the impact of victim’s legal status on the criminal legal theory.The purpose of the paper is to substantiate the existence and the importance of “criminal law of victim” as basic model of criminal legal theory.The methodological basis of the research includes general-scientific methods (analysis and synthesis, system-structural approach) as well as academic methods (formal-legal method, method of interpretation of legal texts).Results and scope of application. The definition of the role of the victim, the importance of his legitimate interests in the implementation of criminal liability is complicated by the fact that the basic models of criminal law developed by science – “criminal law of the offender” and “criminal law of the crime” – do not consider the victim as a subject of criminal legal relations.The theoretical models of criminal law are embodied in the criminal law, specific legal rela-tions, law enforcement acts, etc., in connection with which there are specific indicators – the parameters by which it is possible to determine which model of criminal law is implemented.If the question of the criminal legal personality of the victim is controversial, in my opinion, there is no doubt that the victim is a party to the criminal law conflict, which often begins to unfold long before the crime.Conclusions. Recognizing the victim as a subject of criminal legal relations, as well as a par-ticipant in the criminal law conflict, it is possible to talk about the formation of a new model of criminal law – “the criminal law of victim”.

scholarly journals Developing Cultural Tourism Strategies in Lithuania

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malvina Arimavičiūtė
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Cultural Tourism ◽  
Strategic Decision ◽  
Planning System ◽  
Strategic Decision Making ◽  
Strategic Decisions ◽  
Strategic Plans ◽  
Definition Of

This paper determines that cultural tourism in Lithuania is significantly influenced by various different agencies which activities are not sufficiently integrated. The paper also analyses the theoretical models for strategic decision-making and possibilities of alternative strategic decisions in the area of tourism. A classification of strategic plans based on the current Lithuanian strategic planning system and the integration of the activities of separate agencies in the area of tourism is proposed. A new model for strategic decision-making based on the classical definition of strategic hierarchies and the specificities of cultural tourism as a business is then proposed.

scholarly journals Concepts, theoretical models and nursing theories: integrative review

10.3823/2436 ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lídia Samantha Alves De Brito ◽  
Natália Daiana Lopes De Sousa ◽  
Ana Maria Parente Garcia Alencar ◽  
Vitória De Cássia Félix Rebouças ◽  
Paula Pessoa Pinheiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Journal ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Integrative Review ◽  
Practical Nursing ◽  
Nursing Research ◽  
Nursing Theory ◽  
Northeast Region ◽  
Practical Research ◽  
Application Analysis

Objective: To know the tendencies of the publications about nursing theories, theoretical models and related concepts in a scientific journal of nursing. Methods: An integrative review was performed on the website of the journal Acta Paulista de Enfermagem, via SCIELO, from 2005 to 2014. The sample included 21 studies that addressed the application, analysis, construction, validation or reflection on concepts, theoretical models and nursing theories. Results: Of the publications, 42.8% came from the Northeast region and 76.2% contemplated the qualitative approach. The studies worked with theories (76.2%), with analysis, construction and validation of theoretical models (14.3%), and concept elaboration (9.5%). 2005 and 2011 represented the years with the largest publications, however a decrease has occurred in the last three years. Conclusion: The trends highlighted the importance of the development and application of the theoretical and philosophical bases of nursing, since it is necessary to strengthen the link between theoretical and practical research.   Keywords: Nursing; Nursing research; Practical nursing; Nursing theory; Philosophy in nursing.

scholarly journals Impaired knowledge in individuals with heart failure: a middle range nursing theory

2022 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cláudia Gabrielle da Silva ◽  
Suelayne Santana de Araújo ◽  
Sheila Coelho Ramalho Vasconcelos Morais ◽  
Cecília Maria Farias de Queiroz Frazão
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Clinical Judgment ◽  
Conceptual Models ◽  
Theory Building ◽  
Cardiac Physiology ◽  
Nursing Theory ◽  
Middle Range ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Cross Type

ABSTRACT Objective: To develop a middle range nursing theory of impaired knowledge in individuals with heart failure. Methods: Descriptive study of the cross type developed through the theoretical-causal validity method, which used six steps for theory building: Definition of the construction approach; Definition of theoretical-conceptual models; Definition of main concepts; Development of a pictorial scheme; Construction of propositions; and Establishment of causal relations and evidence for practice. Results: Twenty-four articles were found, which identified two attributes, eight antecedents, and seven consequences, which gave rise to the pictogram, which schematized the concepts by relating them to cardiac physiology. Finally, 11 propositions and four causal relationships were created. Conclusion: The constructed theory enables a targeted driving of nurses’ clinical judgment regarding impaired knowledge in individuals with heart failure, culminating in individualized interventions to improve quality of life.

The Effects of Employment Protection legislationon Personnel Policies: A Review of Theoretical Modelsand Empirical results

2014 ◽  
pp. 126-140
Author(s):  
O. Mironenko
Keyword(s):  
Personnel Selection ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Employment Protection ◽  
Empirical Results ◽  
Protection Legislation ◽  
Labour Contracts ◽  
Hiring And Firing ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Personnel Policies

Employers incur costs while fulfilling the requirements of employment protection legislation. The article contains a review of the core theoretical models and empirical results concerning the impact of these costs on firms’ practices in hiring, firing, training and remuneration. Overall, if wages are flexible or enforcement is weak, employment protection does not significantly influence employers’ behavior. Otherwise, stringent employment protection results in the reduction of hiring and firing rates, changes in personnel selection criteria, types of labour contracts and dismissal procedures, and, in some cases, it may lead to the growth of wages and firms’ investments to human capital.

PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN KERUGIAN NEGARA DALAM PENGELOLAAN KEUANGAN DAERAH

EDUKASI ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hendra Karianga
Keyword(s):  
Financial Management ◽  
Criminal Liability ◽  
The State ◽  
Legal Proceedings ◽  
Regional Finance ◽  
Regional Budget ◽  
State Finance ◽  
Budget Policy ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Impact

Sources of revenue and expenditure of APBD (regional budget) can be allocated to finance the compulsory affairs and optional affairs in the form of programs and activities related to the improvement of public services, job creation, poverty alleviation, improvement of environmental quality, and regional economic growth. The implications of these policies is the need for funds to finance the implementation of the functions, that have become regional authority, is also increasing. In practice, regional financial management still poses a complicated issue because the regional head are reluctant to release pro-people regional budget policy, even implication of regional autonomy is likely to give birth to little kings in region causing losses to state finance and most end up in legal proceedings. This paper discusses the loss of state finance and forms of liability for losses to the state finance. The result of the study can be concluded firstly,  there are still many differences in giving meaning and definition of the loss of state finace and no standard definition of state losses, can cause difficulties. The difficulty there is in an effort to determine the amount of the state finance losses. The calculation of state/regions losses that occur today is simply assessing the suitability of the size of the budget and expenditure without considering profits earned by the community and the impact of the use of budget to the community. Secondly, the liability for losses to the state finance is the fulfillment of the consequences for a person to give or to do something in the regional financial management by giving birth to three forms of liability, namely the Criminal liability, Civil liability, and Administrative liability.Keywords: state finance losses, liability, regional finance.

Empowering Women Entrepreneurs Through Microfinance - A Case of Rural Bangladesh

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Saida Parvin
Keyword(s):  
Women's Empowerment ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Women’S Empowerment ◽  
Case Study Method ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Theoretical Contribution ◽  
Donor Agencies ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Impact

Women’s empowerment has been at the centre of research focus for many decades. Extant literature examined the process, outcome and various challenges. Some claimed substantial success, while others contradicted with evidence of failure. But the success remains a matter of debate due to lack of empirical evidence of actual empowerment of women around the world. The current study aimed to address this gap by taking a case study method. The study critically evaluates 20 cases carefully sampled to include representatives from the entire country of Bangladesh. The study demonstrates popular beliefs about microfinance often misguide even the borrowers and they start living in a fabricated feeling of empowerment, facing real challenges to achieve true empowerment in their lives. The impact of this finding is twofold; firstly there is a theoretical contribution, where the definition of women’s empowerment is proposed to be revisited considering findings from these cases. And lastly, the policy makers at governmental and non-governmental organisations, and multinational donor agencies need to revise their assessment tools for funding.

Defining Preterm Birth and Stillbirth in the Western Pacific: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 101053952110260
Author(s):  
Mairead Connolly ◽  
Laura Phung ◽  
Elise Farrington ◽  
Michelle J. L. Scoullar ◽  
Alyce N. Wilson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Birth ◽  
National Level ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Western Pacific ◽  
World Health ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Impact

Preterm birth and stillbirth are important global perinatal health indicators. Definitions of these indicators can differ between countries, affecting comparability of preterm birth and stillbirth rates across countries. This study aimed to document national-level adherence to World Health Organization (WHO) definitions of preterm birth and stillbirth in the WHO Western Pacific region. A systematic search of government health websites and 4 electronic databases was conducted. Any official report or published study describing the national definition of preterm birth or stillbirth published between 2000 and 2020 was eligible for inclusion. A total of 58 data sources from 21 countries were identified. There was considerable variation in how preterm birth and stillbirth was defined across the region. The most frequently used lower gestational age threshold for viability of preterm birth was 28 weeks gestation (range 20-28 weeks), and stillbirth was most frequently classified from 20 weeks gestation (range 12-28 weeks). High-income countries more frequently used earlier gestational ages for preterm birth and stillbirth compared with low- to middle-income countries. The findings highlight the importance of clear, standardized, internationally comparable definitions for perinatal indicators. Further research is needed to determine the impact on regional preterm birth and stillbirth rates.

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