Screening Tool for Psychological Intimate Partner Violence: Portuguese Validation of the Psychological Maltreatment of Women Inventory

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita Começanha ◽  
Ângela Maia
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Brief Symptom Inventory ◽  
Psychological Maltreatment ◽  
Cutoff Score

Background/Objective: The Psychological Maltreatment of Women Inventory—Short Form (PMWI-SF) is a well-established and brief instrument for assessing psychological intimate partner violence (IPV). In the absence of a specific tool to assess psychological IPV in Portuguese women, this study sought to confirm the factor structure of the Portuguese PMWI-SF and analyze its psychometric properties. Method: Five hundred and six women filled out the e-survey including the assessment of IPV (Revised Conflict Tactics Scales, Psychological Abuse Survey, and PMWI-SF) and psychopathology through the Brief Symptom Inventory. Sociodemographic characteristics, construct validity, and internal consistency were analyzed, and a cutoff for the PMWI-SF was established. Results: Confirmatory factor analysis for the 2-factor structure (emotional/verbal abuse and domination/isolation) showed an excellent fit for the last 6 months and across the life span. Factors possessed good internal consistency (α ≥ .70) and test–retest reliability (r ≥ .90). Pearson’s correlation analysis revealed the PMWI factors were positively correlated with proximal variables. PMWI-SF scores demonstrated excellent differentiation between women with and without psychological IPV (area under the curve [AUC] = .948; confidence interval or CI [.93, .97]). The PMWI-SF cutoff score that provided the optimal balance was 32 (sensitivity = 83.8%; specificity = 91.7%). Conclusions: The PMWI-SF is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing the experience of psychological IPV in Portuguese women.

scholarly journals Eight Forms of Abuse: The Validation and Reliability of Two Multidimensional Instruments of Intimate Partner Violence

Psichologija ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 56-68
Author(s):  
Zuzana Vasiliauskaitė ◽  
Robert Geffner
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Physical Aspect ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Economic Exploitation ◽  
Rigid Instruments

Many researchers are still relying on older and more rigid instruments focusing mostly on the physical aspect of intimate partner violence (IPV). This way multidimensionality of IPV and complex experiences of IPV survivors’ are overlooked by many researchers, practitioners and decision-makers. Therefore, our study aimed to adopt to Lithuanian two multidimensional scales: the Composite Abuse Scale (CAS) and the Scale of Economic Abuse (SEA). As well as confirm its validity and reliability for the use for determining the experiences of Lithuanian women in intimate partner relationships. Through various channels 311 women, survivors of IPV were recruited. The structure of both measurements was validated using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and internal consistency using McDonald’s omega coefficient. Relying on the newest research we confirmed a five-factor structure for the CAS with the five factors being: Severe Combined Abuse, Sexual Abuse, Emotional Abuse, Physical Abuse, and Harassment. We also confirmed the three-factor structure for the SEA, resulting in Economic Control, Economic Exploitation, and Employment Sabotage. The instruments demonstrated high internal consistency. The validated instruments that measure multidimensionality of IPV will allow a more comprehensive data and knowledge collection of women’s experiences in abusive relationships.

scholarly journals The Role of Women's Traditional Gender Beliefs in Depression, Intimate Partner Violence and Stress: Insights from a Spanish Abbreviated Multicultural Measure

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Montse Rovira ◽  
Leonor Lega ◽  
Carlos Suso-Ribera ◽  
Izaskun Orue
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Gender Beliefs ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background: Research on traditional gender beliefs has highlighted their psychological impact and social implications for women. The purpose of this study was two-fold: firstly, to explore the relationship between women’s traditional gender beliefs, intimate partner violence, stress and depression, and secondly, to adapt and validate the Spanish version of the Multicultural O’Kelly Women’s Beliefs Scale. Based on the Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy framework, traditional gender beliefs were expected to be associated with higher levels of intimate partner violence, stress and depression. We also expected to obtain a psychometrically-sound factor structure of the Multicultural O’Kelly Women’s Beliefs Scale.Methods: A sample of Spanish women (N=322) completed the Multicultural O’Kelly Women’s Beliefs Scale, the Beck’s Depression Inventory II, the Modified Conflict Tactics Scale, and the Stress Perceived Scale. To test the psychometric properties of the Multicultural O’Kelly women’s beliefs scale we implemented exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses and an analysis of the area under the curve.Results: Regarding the psychometric properties of the scale, statistical analysis revealed a one-factor dimensionality (Global traditionalism) and supported a reduction of items in the original instrument. The abbreviated version (eight items) obtained the best fit indices. Considering the association between traditional gender beliefs and psychological outcomes, we found that traditional gender beliefs were associated with increased severity of stress, depressive symptoms and reciprocal verbal aggression. Conclusion: The Spanish adaptation of the Multicultural O’Kelly women’s beliefs scale provided a very short, psychometrically robust and clinically relevant measure of traditional gender beliefs. In addition to the association between traditional gender beliefs and mental health outcomes, an important finding was the relationship between traditional gender beliefs and intimate partner violence. Our scale might be used in clinical settings by helping women to identify their traditional gender beliefs and replace them by healthy and goal–oriented beliefs, which would also contribute in achieving a more egalitarian society.

Hidradenitis Suppurativa, Intimate Partner Violence, and Sexual Assault

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 383-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mia Sisic ◽  
Jerry Tan ◽  
Kathryn D. Lafreniere
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Hidradenitis Suppurativa ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Sexual Consent ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Dermatology Clinic

Background: Sexual assault and intimate partner violence have never been examined in individuals with hidradenitis suppurativa. The research is important, because prior studies show higher incidences of intimate partner violence and sexual assault in individuals with disabilities, and hidradenitis suppurativa meets criteria for a disability. Objectives: The objective of the study is to examine whether individuals with hidradenitis suppurativa are at significantly higher risk of intimate partner violence and sexual assault compared with individuals who have acne, a recognised disability. Methods: Participants who met criteria for hidradenitis suppurativa and acne were recruited from a mid-sized university and a dermatology clinic. Participants spoke English and were over the age of sexual consent. Group (hidradenitis suppurativa and acne) differences on intimate partner violence and sexual assault were analysed. Victimisation within the past 12 months was measured using the Checklist for Controlling Behaviours, a measure of intimate partner violence, as well as the Sexual Experiences Survey–Short Form Victim, a measure of sexual assault. Results: In total, 243 participants (n = 128 for hidradenitis suppurativa; n = 115 for acne) were surveyed. Individuals with hidradenitis suppurativa were significantly more likely to report being victimised by intimate partner violence. Conclusions: Intimate partner violence was more frequently observed in individuals with hidradenitis suppurativa. Health care providers should be aware of this issue when interacting with patients with hidradenitis suppurativa.

Physical and Emotional Intimate Partner Violence and Women’s Health in the First Year After Childbirth: An Australian Pregnancy Cohort Study

2020 ◽  
pp. 088626052093442
Author(s):  
Kelly M. FitzPatrick ◽  
Stephanie Brown ◽  
Kelsey Hegarty ◽  
Fiona Mensah ◽  
Deirdre Gartland
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Pregnancy Cohort ◽  
Different Types

Intimate partner violence (IPV) can comprise physical, sexual, and emotional abuse, and is a widespread public health concern. Despite increasing recognition that women experience different types of IPV, the majority of research has focused on physical IPV. The present study aims to examine associations between different types of IPV (physical, emotional, physical, and emotional) and women’s mental, physical, and sexual health by analyzing longitudinal data from a prospective pregnancy cohort of 1,507 first-time mothers in Melbourne, Australia. Questionnaires included validated measures of physical and mental health (Short Form Health Survey, Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale) and IPV (Composite Abuse Scale). Emotional IPV alone was the most commonly reported type of IPV ( n = 128, 9.5%), followed by both physical and emotional IPV ( n = 76, 5.7%), and then physical IPV alone ( n = 30, 2.2%). Women reporting emotional IPV or physical and emotional IPV had increased odds of poor health compared with women reporting no IPV. Experience of physical and emotional IPV was most strongly associated with mental health issues, including depressive symptoms (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 4.6, 95% confidence interval [CI] = [2.9, 7.1]) and self-reported anxiety (adjusted OR 2.9, 95% CI = [1.9, 4.4]). Experience of emotional IPV alone was associated with poor mental health as well as physical factors, including poor general physical health (adjusted OR 1.9, 95% CI = [1.2, 3.1]), and pain during sex (adjusted OR 1.8, 95% CI = [1.2, 2.7]). Increased odds of poor body image were also observed for women reporting emotional IPV alone and physical and emotional IPV. These findings highlight the need for greater awareness of the diversity in women’s experiences of IPV among health care providers. This includes understanding the prevalence of emotional IPV among new mothers, and the range of health problems that are more common for women experiencing IPV.

scholarly journals Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling Analysis and Validity of the Family Needs Screener

2019 ◽  
pp. 088626051988851
Author(s):  
Miranda P. Kaye ◽  
Tara Saathoff-Wells ◽  
Amanda M. Ferrara ◽  
Nicole R. Morgan ◽  
Daniel F. Perkins
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Child Maltreatment ◽  
Family Violence ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Family Needs ◽  
The Family

Assessment that accurately categorizes families’ risk for family violence (i.e., intimate partner violence and child maltreatment) and identifies areas of family need is essential for prevention program planning, practice, and resource allocation. The Family Needs Screener (FNS) assesses risk for intimate partner violence and child maltreatment. It is used as a tool to prioritize those who are in the greatest need of services as well as plan prevention efforts in selected prevention services offered to military families. To date, no peer-reviewed studies examine the factor structure of the FNS. In this study, we examined measurement aspects of the FNS as an assessment tool in identifying risk of family violence. Data were drawn from Army families ( N = 18,159) who were screened between 2009 and 2013 and matched to substantiated cases of family violence. Exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM) was used to examine the factor structure, measurement invariance, and predictive validity of the FNS. Results supported a shortened measure with a five-factor structure and full gender invariance. In particular, relationship issues were predictive of both intimate partner violence and child maltreatment. In addition, family of origin/history of family violence was predictive of substantiated cases of child maltreatment. Findings support the use of the FNS to assess risk, allocate, and plan for services in an Army population. Implications for scale modifications and use, as well as prevention efforts, are discussed.

scholarly journals The impact of intimate partner violence on the trajectory of perinatal depression: a cohort study in a Chinese sample

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fengsu Hou ◽  
Xingyu Zhang ◽  
Catherine Cerulli ◽  
Wenjun He ◽  
Yushi Mo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Perinatal Depression ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Perinatal Period ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Chinese Sample ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Aims Intimate partner violence (IPV) is an important risk factor for perinatal depression (PND). But IPV's impact on the natural prognosis of PND symptoms is not well understood. We tested two hypotheses: (1) pregnant women with IPV experiences will exhibit more severe PND symptoms than women without IPV experience; (2) IPV experience will impede the recovery prognosis of PND. We also explored the contribution of IPV to PND comparing with other risk factors. Method The sample is comprised of 813 pregnant women followed through perinatal period in Hunan, China. We assessed IPV experience using items from the Short Form of the Revised Conflict Tactics Scale (CTS2S), and PND symptoms via the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPSD). We conducted Linear Mixed-effects Model to compare the trajectories of PND symptoms between victims and non-victims and a multistage Generalised Estimating Equations Model to explore salient factors on the trajectory of PND symptoms. Results There were 90 participants (11.07%) who reported IPV experience in the past 12 months. With respect to physical, psychological and sexual violence, the prevalence was 4.55% (37/813), 9.23% (75/813) and 2.34% (19/813). Victims reported more severe PND symptoms (t = 5.30, p < 0.01) and slower decreasing slope of trajectories (t = 28.89, p < 0.01). The PND trajectory was associated with IPV experience (OR = 3.78; 95% CI 1.39–10.26), social support (OR = 0.93; 95% CI 0.88–0.97), positive coping strategies (OR = 0.85; 95% CI 0.80–0.91), negative coping strategies (OR = 1.25; 95% CI 1.14–1.37) and monthly income of $0.15–$298.36 (compared to no income, OR = 0.0075; 95% CI 0.00052–0.11). Conclusions The findings suggest the reported prevalence of IPV is lower in Hunan than most of the previous studies during perinatal period in other provinces of China, and IPV victimisation is associated with increased severity and slowed prognosis of PND symptoms. Future studies that screen for victimisation and establish its explicit mechanism to the poorer prognosis of PND symptoms would benefit the prevention and treatment of PND.

scholarly journals Development of a brief measure of intimate partner violence experiences: the Composite Abuse Scale (Revised)—Short Form (CAS R -SF)

BMJ Open ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. e012824 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marilyn Ford-Gilboe ◽  
C Nadine Wathen ◽  
Colleen Varcoe ◽  
Harriet L MacMillan ◽  
Kelly Scott-Storey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Intimate Partner

scholarly journals The mediating role of self-stigma and self-efficacy between intimate partner violence (IPV) victimization and depression among men who have sex with men in China

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Liping Peng ◽  
Rui She ◽  
Jing Gu ◽  
Chun Hao ◽  
Fengsu Hou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Bisexual Men ◽  
Sex With Men

Abstract Background Previous studies have shown that intimate partner violence (IPV) is prevalent in men who have sex with men (MSM). Mental health problems among MSM with IPV victimization have become a growing concern. The present study examined homosexual self-stigma and self-efficacy as potential mediators of the association between IPV victimization and depression. Methods We recruited 578 MSM from 15 cities across China. Participants completed sociodemographic measures, the IPV-GBM (IPV among gay and bisexual men) scale, the Self-Stigma Scale-Short Form (SSS-S), the General Self-Efficacy (GSE) Scale and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression 10 (CES-D-10). We calculated bias-corrected 95% confidence interval (CI) for total, direct and indirect effects using bootstrapping to conduct mediation analyses. Results Findings showed that the prevalence of IPV victimization and depression were 32.7% (189/578) and 36.0% (208/578), respectively. Result from mediation analysis using structural equation modeling indicated that the association between level of IPV victimization and depression among MSM was fully mediated by higher homosexual self-stigma and lower self-efficacy. Homosexual self-stigma had a direct effect and an indirect effect via self-efficacy on depression. Conclusion The results provided evidence that integrated interventions that reduce self-stigma and foster self-efficacy could be promising approaches to decrease depression among MSM with IPV victimization.

The Ontario Domestic Assault Risk Assessment: Predicting Violence Among Men With a Police Record of Intimate Partner Violence in the United States

2021 ◽  
pp. 009385482110358
Author(s):  
Dana L. Radatz ◽  
N. Zoe Hilton
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Predictive Accuracy ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
The United States ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Domestic Assault ◽  
Violent Recidivism

The Ontario Domestic Assault Risk Assessment (ODARA) is an actuarial risk assessment tool for intimate partner violence (IPV) recidivism. Despite its international use, there is no published validation of the ODARA’s predictive accuracy in a U.S. sample. We studied 356 men in New York police records of IPV against a female partner to examine the ODARA’s predictive accuracy for IPV recidivism (base rate 35%), non-IPV violent recidivism (against a nonpartner; 16%), any violent recidivism (49%), and nonviolent recidivism (50%), in a fixed 2-year follow-up. Using 11 scorable ODARA items, area under the curve values were significant and ranged from .590 to .630, indicating small to medium effects. Expected/Observed indices revealed poor calibration with 2-year IPV recidivism rates in ODARA construction and cross-validation samples. Findings support the generalization of the ODARA’s predictive accuracy in different populations and outcomes, but a need for new norm development for higher risk populations.

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