A Gender-Based Incidence Study of Workplace Violence in Psychiatric and Forensic Settings

2007 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 449-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary A. Hatch-Maillette ◽  
Mario J. Scalora ◽  
Shannon M. Bader ◽  
Brian H. Bornstein
Keyword(s):  
Staff Training ◽  
Workplace Violence ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Situational Variables ◽  
Organizational Benefits ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Forensic Inpatient ◽  
Gender Based

Limited data exist analyzing the role of gender in workplace violence in health care settings. This study examined whether different types of threatening incidents with patients (physical, verbal, sexual, or posturing) were salient to male versus female staff across psychiatric settings (inpatient forensic, inpatient acute/chronic psychiatric, and outpatient psychiatric). Results indicated that although women disproportionately experienced sexualized threats, they were not more likely to report such incidents as salient and threatening. The study also assessed the extent to which situational variables contributed to staff’s feelings of threat. Results showed that rapport with the patient, quality of relationships with coworkers, and presence of coworkers in the area were not significantly related to how threatened staff felt in a recent threatening incident. Findings are discussed within the context of staff training and organizational benefits.

scholarly journals Threat or Corrective? Assessing the Impact of Populist Parties in Government on the Qualities of Democracy: A 19-Country Comparison

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Davide Vittori
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Quality Of Democracy ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Liberal Democratic ◽  
Country Comparison ◽  
Democratic Regimes ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Scholars have long debated whether populism harms or improves the quality of democracy. This article contributes to this debate by focusing on the impact of populist parties in government. In particular, it inquires: (1) whether populists in government are more likely than non-populists to negatively affect the quality of democracies; (2) whether the role of populists in government matters; and (3) which type of populism is expected to negatively affect the quality of liberal-democratic regimes. The results find strong evidence that the role of populists in government affects several qualities of democracy. While robust, the findings related to (2) are less clear-cut than those pertaining to (1). Finally, regardless of their role in government, different types of populism have different impacts on the qualities of democracy. The results show that exclusionary populist parties in government tend to have more of a negative impact than other forms of populism.

scholarly journals Association Between Diabetes Medications and the Risk of Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaocui Qin ◽  
Xia Zhang ◽  
Pinyu Li ◽  
Min Wang ◽  
Li Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 ◽  
Single Study ◽  
Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitors ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide 1

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) increases the risk of Parkinson's disease (PD). However, whether DM medications play a part on that increased PD risk is unclear. We designed this meta-analysis to assess the influence of different oral DM medications on the PD risk in patients with DM.Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, and CENTRAL databases for relevant studies up until January 2021. We pooled adjusted outcomes to assess the PD risk in patients using different DM medications including sulfonylurea, metformin, glitazones (GTZ), dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP4i), and glucagon-like peptide-1 agonists (GLP1a).Results: We included 10 studies in our analysis. Our results indicate a lack of significant association between the PD risk and the use of sulfonylureas (three studies; HR, 1.26; 95% CI, 0.95 to 1.66; I2, 70%; p = 0.11), DPP4i (three studies; HR, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.35 to 1.38; I2, 88%; p = 0.30), metformin (five studies; HR, 1.23; 95% CI, 0.98 to 1.78; I2, 84%; p = 0.13), and GTZ (six studies; HR, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.66 to 1.16; I2, 92%; p = 0.35). After exclusion of a single study in the GTZ analysis, our results indicate a significantly reduced PD risk with GTZ use (HR, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.65 to 0.93; I2, 59%; p = 0.06). Similarly, after the exclusion of a single study, our results indicate a significantly increased PD risk with the use of metformin (HR, 1.50; 95% CI, 1.11 to 2.02; I2, 80%; p = 0.008). We also found a significantly reduced PD risk with the use of GLP1a (two studies; HR, 0.41; 95% CI, 0.19 to 0.87; I2, 0%; p = 0.02).Conclusion: The role of different DM medications on the PD risk remains unclear, and the quality of studies is low. While our analysis suggests a lack of association between the use of metformin, GTZ, DPP4i, and sulfonylureas and the PD risk, metformin (to a higher degree) and GTZ may still increase the risk. Limited data suggest a protective effect of GLP1a on the PD risk.

Pharmacotherapy review: Emerging treatment modalities in transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Plumadore ◽  
Lindsay Lombardo ◽  
Katherine P Cabral
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Options ◽  
Disease State ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Limited Evidence ◽  
Agent Selection ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Tea Extract

Abstract Disclaimer In an effort to expedite the publication of articles , AJHP is posting manuscripts online as soon as possible after acceptance. Accepted manuscripts have been peer-reviewed and copyedited, but are posted online before technical formatting and author proofing. These manuscripts are not the final version of record and will be replaced with the final article (formatted per AJHP style and proofed by the authors) at a later time. Purpose This review aims to summarize the evidence and pharmacological characteristics of treatment options for transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy (ATTR-CM). Additionally, this review highlights the role of clinical pharmacists in helping to secure newly introduced therapies. Summary ATTR-CM, a disease characterized by misfolded protein that is deposited in the myocardium and disrupts cardiac functioning, has historically been underdiagnosed due to the need for invasive biopsy and an illusion of rarity. Once diagnosed, limited treatment modalities for ATTR-CM have led providers to rely on nonpharmacological remedies or off-label use of medications with limited evidence of benefit. However, recent noninvasive diagnostic advancements and heightened disease state awareness have revealed increased prevalence of ATTR-CM. This has led to the introduction of several first-in-class pharmaceuticals with actions targeted at inhibiting the various phases of amyloidosis: TTR stabilizers include diflunisal and first-in-class, Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved tafamidis; TTR silencers include patisiran and inotersen; fibril disrupters include doxycycline with tauroursodeoxycholic acid; and alternative agents include green tea extract and curcumin. Conclusion ATTR-CM treatments have emerged and, despite current limited data, are continuing to evolve. Tafamidis, the only agent approved by FDA for ATTR-CM, shows promise to improve survival and quality of life in patients with ATTR-CM. Pharmacists can play a key role in assisting with agent selection for this disease state, as well as providing knowledge about current and future clinical trials evaluating the safety and efficacy of the available treatment modalities.

Exploring the learning potential of models with secondary school EFL learners

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-184
Author(s):  
Félix Montealegre Ramón
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
Corrective Feedback ◽  
Learning Potential ◽  
Efl Learners ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Stage 1 ◽  
Model Texts ◽  
Writing Task

Abstract The role of Corrective Feedback (CF) in the process of acquiring a second language (L2) has been deemed an issue of controversy among theorists and researchers alike. In this empirical study, the objective is to investigate the quality of EFL learners’ processing of feedback employing models and different types of noticing (perfunctory or substantive [Qi & Lapkin, 2001]). The study was carried out with 13- and 14-year-old learners placed in two groups and engaged in a three-stage writing task that included composing a picture-based story (Stage 1), comparing their texts with a model (Stage 2), and rewriting the story (Stage 3). The groups differed in the way they were prompted to process the model text. The findings indicate that there are no differences between the two feedback groups within stages. All the participants increased the number of features reported across stages regardless of the feedback condition. The employment of a model text provided the students with alternative features related to lexis, form, and ideas. The potential effects of model texts and types of noticing on L2 learners’ language development are discussed.

Locus of Control, Locus of Control Differences, and Quality of Relationship in Married Dyads

1986 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 939-945 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald M. Sabatelli
Keyword(s):  
Locus Of Control ◽  
Marital Satisfaction ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Additional Research ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Control Locus ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Mismatch Effect

This study represents a replication and extension of the work focusing on the relationship between spouses' locus of control expectancies and their level of marital complaints. In the present study, spouses' locus of control orientations were examined with reference to their own and their partners' marital complaints. It was predicted that internality would be positively correlated with one's own marital satisfaction and the satisfaction experienced by one's partner. In addition, it was expected that personality complementarity of a particular type, an external wife/internal husband configuration, would be associated with more complaints. The most consistent result of the study suggests the tendency for wives to have more complaints when paired with a relatively external husband. In addition, the analysis did not support the presence of a personality match or mismatch effect on marital complaints. Noting some of the inconsistencies in the limited data amassed on the role of locus of control in the domain of intimate interpersonal relationships, additional research is indicated before further conclusions are advanced.

scholarly journals The Role of Local Materials in Creating A Meaningful Visual Experiences in Urban Public Facilities

2019 ◽  
Vol 266 ◽  
pp. 06014
Author(s):  
Triandriani Mustikawati ◽  
Maria M.C Sengke ◽  
Paramita Atmodiwirjo ◽  
Yandi Andri Yatmo
Keyword(s):  
Architectural Design ◽  
Spatial Configuration ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Public Facilities ◽  
Local Material ◽  
Different Types ◽  
3D Software ◽  
Local Materials

This paper discusses visibility potential of local material products that are used as part of architectural spaces. Knowing the visibility potential of local materials is essential to create visual clarity that supports the ease of spatial orientation and navigation and provides a meaningful visual experience in urban public facilities. This study aims at finding the property quality of objects from local materials that contribute to the visibility potential. Field studies were conducted to identify different types of products from local materials and their characteristics associated with the quality of space experience. The visibility analysis using 3D software program then was carried out by simulating the placement of objects as elements of space in a particular spatial configuration. The result reveals several patterns of possible placement of objects from local materials that have the best potential to enhance visibility. These patterns can add to the alternative vocabulary in architectural design.

scholarly journals The Impact of Autoantibodies on IVF Treatment and Outcome: A Systematic Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 892 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mara Simopoulou ◽  
Konstantinos Sfakianoudis ◽  
Evangelos Maziotis ◽  
Sokratis Grigoriadis ◽  
Polina Giannelou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Significant Research ◽  
Central Database ◽  
The Impact

The role of autoantibodies in in vitro fertilization (IVF) has been discussed for almost three decades. Nonetheless, studies are still scarce and widely controversial. The aim of this study is to provide a comprehensive systematic review on the possible complications associated to autoantibodies (AA) impeding the chances of a successful IVF cycle. An Embase, PubMed/Medline and Cochrane Central Database search was performed on 1 December 2018, from 2006 until that date. From the 598 articles yielded in the search only 44 relevant articles ultimately fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were qualitatively analyzed. Five subsets of results were identified, namely, thyroid related AA, anti-phospholipid antibodies, anti-nuclear antibodies, AA affecting the reproductive system and AA related to celiac disease. It may be implied that the majority of auto-antibodies exert a statistically significant effect on miscarriage rates, whereas the effects on clinical pregnancy and live birth rates differ according to the type of auto-antibodies. While significant research is performed in the field, the quality of evidence provided is still low. The conduction of well-designed prospective cohort studies is an absolute necessity in order to define the impact of the different types of autoantibodies on IVF outcome.

scholarly journals The Role of Situational Variables in Analysing Physical Performance in Soccer

2012 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Lago-Peñas
Keyword(s):  
Performance Analysis ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Team Sports ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Situational Variables ◽  
Professional Soccer ◽  
Strategic Factors ◽  
Match Location

Performance analysis in sport is used to investigate the performance of teams and players across different sports. Research within this area, especially when focussing on the determinants of success, has grown rapidly in the last few years. During this time, the role of a new concept, ‘situational variables’ has emerged. This term includes the different game and situational conditions that may influence performance at a behavioural level. Given that soccer is dominated by strategic factors, it is reasonable to suggest that situational variables of match status (i.e. whether the team is winning, losing or drawing), quality of opposition (strong or weak), and match location (i.e. playing at home or away) may somehow influence the teams´ and players´ activities. These situational variables need to be analyzed in depth to understand their influence in team sports. The aim of this article was to examine the independent and interactive effects of situational variables on physical performance in elite soccer. The view that professional soccer players regulate their physical efforts according to the specific demands of individual matches and periods of the game is offered. In support of this argument results from recent studies are presented. Implications of this perspective for match analyst and coaches for evaluating performance are also considered.

scholarly journals Zagadnienia konstrukcyjne umów publicznoprawnych

2019 ◽  
pp. 139-157
Author(s):  
Lucyna Staniszewska
Keyword(s):  
Public Law ◽  
Legal Provisions ◽  
Legal Relationship ◽  
Scientific Analysis ◽  
Legal Nature ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Administrative Body ◽  
Legal Forms

The formulation of legal provisions by the administration does not have to take the form of administrative decisions. One of the legal forms of the administration is public-law contracts. This is one of the forms of administration which still requires a further scientific analysis. Contracts are useful instruments, and therefore it may be worth looking at their different types and construction. They may be classified according to the parties to the legal relationship created. There are two types of contracts, i.e. between admin­istrative bodies and between an administrative body and an entity. The doctrine refers to contracts of the latter type as administrative and legal agreements. Such agreements have developed in the Polish legal order after the systemic changes. Unfortunately, the legislator has not provided their legal definition, they are regu­lated in special laws, most often by indicating contractual provisions constituting essentialia negotii. The doctrine does not explicitly define the character of the con­tracts concluded by the administrative body and its contractor, nor has the final characteristics of the content of contracts in the administration as a whole been made. There is still a lack of consensus as to the construction of public law contracts and the rules governing them. There is an urgent need to regulate the essence of administrative contracts, and in particular to indicate their construction and legal nature, in order to better protect legal entities entering into them. The purpose of public-law contracts is to improve the quality of administration, and increase the efficiency of administrative activities. More administrative contracts also mean higher decentralisation of the state. Moreover, the idea of extending the use of public-law contracts is consistent with the principle of the participatory role of citizens in achieving public effects. The Polish legislator may draw on the regulations of other countries, for instance Germany, where public-law contracts have received legal definitions.

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