Symptom Questionnaire Anxiety and Depression Scales: Reliability and Validity

Many instruments have been developed with college students and used primarily with students or younger adults. Thus, researchers face challenges in selecting measures of psychological state that are valid and reliable for use with elders. This article describes a measure of psychological state, the Symptom Questionnaire; provides information about its reliability and validity; and details the steps used to evaluate reliability and validity of its anxiety and depression scales for elders hospitalized for an acute episode of a chronic condition. The findings suggest that a short version of the Symptom Questionnaire, consisting of the depression and anxiety scales, is valid and reliable for elders. The findings also revealed small differences between the means of data collected using the short version and those obtained using the full instrument.

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The relationship between depression and anxiety: construction of a prototypical anxiety and depression scale

Psychological Medicine ◽

10.1017/s0033291700038058 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 22 (3) ◽

pp. 597-606 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Maarten W. J. Koeter ◽

Wim Van Den Brink

Keyword(s):

Discriminant Validity ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

Anxiety And Depression ◽

Depression And Anxiety ◽

Good Reliability ◽

Clinical Pictures ◽

Screening Device ◽

Depression Scales ◽

The Relationship

SynopsisThe question of the relationship between anxiety and depression remains to be solved. The fact that clinical pictures show substantial overlap makes it difficult, using conventional instruments, to distinguish between the co-occurrence of anxiety and depression and overlap in definitions and measurement of the two syndromes. This calls for the construction of scales which exclude symptoms common to both syndromes and incorporate symptoms specific only to anxiety or only to depression; i.e. scales with maximum discriminant validity. This article describes the construction of two such scales based on PSE symptoms; a prototypical anxiety scale and a prototypical depression scale. In a sample of 134 non-psychotic psychiatric out-patients these scales show good reliability and validity, both as a measure of severity and as a screening device. Compared to the Hamilton anxiety and depression scales (HARS and HRSD), the correlation between the prototypical anxiety and depression scales is low.

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Mattering and Anti-Mattering in Emotion Regulation and Life Satisfaction: A Mediational Analysis of Stress and Distress During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment ◽

10.1177/07342829211056725 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 073428292110567

Author(s):

Barbara Giangrasso ◽

Silvia Casale ◽

Giulia Fioravanti ◽

Gordon L. Flett ◽

Taryn Nepon

Keyword(s):

Life Satisfaction ◽

Emotion Regulation ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

Self Esteem ◽

Anxiety And Depression ◽

Depression And Anxiety ◽

Structure Reliability ◽

Global Pandemic ◽

Difficulties In Emotion Regulation ◽

Lower Life Satisfaction

The current study focused primarily on the associations that feelings of not mattering have with life satisfaction, stress, and distress among students trying to cope with the uncertain and novel circumstances brought about by the COVID-19 pandemic. A sample of 350 University students from Italy completed measures that included the General Mattering Scale and the Anti-Mattering Scale, as well as measures of self-esteem, difficulties in emotion regulation, life satisfaction, perceived stress, anxiety, and depression. Psychometric analyses confirmed the factor structure, reliability, and validity of the General Mattering Scale and the Anti-Mattering Scale. As expected, feelings of not mattering were associated with lower life satisfaction as well as with greater reported difficulties in emotion regulation, stress, and distress. Mattering and self-esteem were both unique predictors of levels of life satisfaction during the pandemic. The results of mediational analyses suggested that individuals who feel as though they do not matter may be especially vulnerable to stress, depression, and anxiety and this may promote a decline in life satisfaction. Given the potential destructiveness of feelings of not mattering, in general but especially during a global pandemic, it is essential to proactively develop interventions and programs that are designed to enhance feelings of mattering and reduce anti-mattering experiences and feelings.

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The Reliability and Validity of the Korean Version of Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale Using Rasch Measurement Theory in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease

Journal of the Korean Neurological Association ◽

10.17340/jkna.2021.4.7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 39 (4) ◽

pp. 312-321

Author(s):

Jin-Hyuk Choi ◽

Seongjin Jeon ◽

Seulgi Hong ◽

Ahro Kim ◽

Ji-Yun Park ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Parkinson’S Disease ◽

Parkinson's Disease ◽

Measurement Theory ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

Rasch Measurement ◽

Anxiety And Depression ◽

Depression And Anxiety ◽

Hospital Anxiety ◽

Korean Version

Background: Depression and anxiety are prevalent and can cause suffering in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). The Korean version of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (K-HADS) has been widely used to assess depression and anxiety symptoms in Korean patient with PD. The present study aimed to assess the reliability and validity of the K-HADS using Rasch measurement analysis.Methods: A total of 106 PD patients (54 males, 52 females) who met the diagnostic criteria of the United Kingdom Brain Bank were recruited. Unidimensionality, the Rasch model fit, response category functioning, patient-item distribution, and the separation reliability of the K-HADS depression (K-HADS-D) and anxiety (K-HADS-A) subscales were statistically evaluated.Results: The mean K-HADS-D and K-HADS-A scores were 8.08±4.69 (mean±standard deviation) and 5.44±4.18, respectively. Cronbach’s α coefficients of the K-HADS-D and K-HADS-A were 0.82 and 0.83. The Rasch analysis revealed that the K-HADS-D and K-HADS-A showed unidimensionality and no disordered functioning was observed in the 4-point polytomous scale. However, both K-HADS-D and K-HADS-A exhibited suboptimal separation reliability, while the K-HADS-A showed inadequate scale targeting with floor effect.Conclusions: The present study comprises the first validation of the K-HADS using the Rasch measurement model, suggesting that the K-HADS-D and K-HADS-A are clinimetrically acceptable and reliable scales for use in Korean patients with PD. However, the moderate person separation indices implicate the relatively low discriminatory ability of the K-HADS in our study patients.

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The relationship among age, anxiety, and depression in older adults with cancer.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2012.30.15_suppl.9123 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 30 (15_suppl) ◽

pp. 9123-9123 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Talia Weiss ◽

Christian J Nelson ◽

William P. Tew ◽

Molly Hardt ◽

Supriya Gupta Mohile ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Older Adults ◽

Psychological State ◽

Anxiety And Depression ◽

Tumor Type ◽

Depression And Anxiety ◽

Psychological Sequelae ◽

Clinically Significant ◽

Prospective Longitudinal ◽

The Relationship

9123 Background: Depression and anxiety are common psychological sequelae of cancer, resulting in decreased adherence to treatment regimens and longer hospital stays. In men with prostate cancer, aging is associated with reduced anxiety and increased depression. The overall goal of this study was to examine the association among age, anxiety, and depression in a cohort of older adults receiving chemotherapy (chemo). Methods: This is a secondary analysis of a prospective longitudinal study investigating chemotherapy toxicity in older adults with cancer. Eligibility included: age > 65, diagnosis of cancer, and scheduled to receive a new chemo regimen. Baseline data (pre-chemotherapy) included: age, sociodemographics, tumor and treatment factors (including tumor type and stage), geriatric assessment parameters (functional status, comorbidities, psychological state, nutritional status, social support). Anxiety and depression were measured by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Univariate and multiple regression analyses were conducted to test the relationship between age, anxiety, and depression. Results: The average age of the 500 patients (56% females) was 73.1 (range 65-91, SD+6.18) with 5% Stage I, 12% Stage II, 22% Stage III and 61% stage IV. Mean depression and anxiety scores were: 3.6+3.17; 4.7+3.60. Clinically significant depression was reported in 12.6% (n=62). Clinically significant anxiety was reported in 20.9% (n=103). In univariate analyses, there was no association between anxiety and age, or depression and age. In multivariable analyses, older age (beta= -0.07, p = 0.05) was associated with decreased anxiety, as well as lack of social support (p < 0.01) and increased number of comorbidities (p < 0.01). In multivariable analysis, depression was associated with lack of social support (p < 0.01), increased number of comorbidities (p < 0.01), and advanced stage (p < 0.01). Conclusions: This study supports previous research that anxiety decreases with age in older adults with cancer. However, depression remained constant with increasing age. Greater resources and attention to identifying and treating the psychological sequelae of cancer in older adults are warranted.

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Subclinical hypothyroidism: psychiatric disorders and symptoms

Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1590/s1516-44462007000200013 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 29 (2) ◽

pp. 157-159 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

Cloyra Almeida ◽

Marco Antônio Brasil ◽

Antônio José Leal Costa ◽

Fabiola A A Reis ◽

Vaneska Reuters ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Psychiatric Disorders ◽

Subclinical Hypothyroidism ◽

Elevated Serum ◽

Anxiety Symptoms ◽

Anxiety And Depression ◽

Depression And Anxiety ◽

Axis I ◽

Dsm Iv ◽

Depression Scales

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the prevalence of psychiatric disorders and symptoms in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism. METHOD: Ninety-four outpatients with at least two elevated serum thyrotrophin levels (> 4 µU/ml) and normal FT4, and 43 euthyroid outpatients, both groups from HUCFF-UFRJ, were evaluated. Psychiatric diagnosis was based on the Structured Clinical Interview Diagnostic for the DSM-IV axis I (SCID-I/DSM-IV), the psychopathological symptoms on Hamilton anxiety and depression scales, and the Beck Inventory. RESULTS: Our data showed an increased prevalence of psychiatric disorders in the subclinical hypothyroidism patients when compared to the euthyroid group (45.7% vs 25.6%; p = 0.025), mood disorders being the most frequent. The prevalence of depressive symptoms based on Beck's Scale among subclinical hypothyroidism patients was about 2.3 times higher than among euthyroid ones (45.6% vs 20.9%, p = 0.006). Anxiety symptoms were also more frequent among subclinical hypothyroidism patients (87.0% vs 60.5%, p < 0.001), mainly clinical anxiety (44.6% vs 23.3%; p = 0.001). CONCLUSION: Our results showed a significant association of subclinical hypothyroidism with psychiatric disorders and an increased frequency of subsyndromic depression and anxiety symptoms in subclinical hypothyroidism in relation to the euthyroid group.

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Validation of the Dutch Version of the Itching Cognitions Questionnaire

Journal of Nursing Measurement ◽

10.1891/1061-3749.20.1.35 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. 35-46 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Janneke Huizinga ◽

Harmieke van Os-Medendorp ◽

Wynand J. G. Ros ◽

Mieke Grypdonck ◽

Jos A. M. Lablans ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Concurrent Validity ◽

Skin Diseases ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

Anxiety And Depression ◽

Depression And Anxiety ◽

Dutch Version ◽

Confirmatory Factor ◽

Valid Instrument ◽

The Mean ◽

Pruritic Skin

The purpose of this study was to examine the reliability and validity of the Dutch Itching Cognitions Questionnaire (ICQ). This by origin German questionnaire, the Juckreiz Kognitons Fragebogen consists of two subscales: catastrophizing and helpless coping and problem-focused coping, and measures itch-related coping. The results were compared with the German and Japanese validation studies. The Dutch ICQ was completed by 171 patients with chronic pruritic skin diseases. Reliability was evaluated by determining internal consistency, mean inter-item correlation, and item–total correlation. Cronbach’s alpha was .90 (catastrophizing and helpless coping) and .81 (problem-focused coping). The mean inter-item correlations for the subscales were .48 (catastrophizing and helpless coping) and .30 (problem-focused coping). The item–total correlations range from .57 to .76 (catastrophizing and helpless coping) and from .32 to .57 (problem-focused coping).Confirmatory factor analysis indicated a good fit of the model and support construct validity. Concurrent validity was determined by examining correlations of the ICQ with intensity of itching and scratching, depression, and anxiety. The correlations of the subscale catastrophizing and helpless coping with intensity of itching and intensity of scratching are .28 (p < .01) and .32 (p < .01), respectively. The correlation between the subscale problem-focused coping and intensity of itching is .23 (p < .01). No significant correlation exists between problem-focused coping and intensity of scratching. Correlations between both subscales and anxiety and depression vary from .33 to .58 (p < .01). It was concluded that the Dutch version of the ICQ is a reliable and valid instrument.

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Assessing Personality With Multi-Descriptor Items

European Journal of Psychological Assessment ◽

10.1027/1015-5759/a000368 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 35 (1) ◽

pp. 117-125

Author(s):

Johannes Schult ◽

Rebecca Schneider ◽

Jörn R. Sparfeldt

Keyword(s):

University Students ◽

Construct Validity ◽

Big Five ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

Personality Inventory ◽

The Other ◽

Short Version ◽

Big Five Inventory ◽

Personality Inventories

Abstract. The need for efficient personality inventories has led to the wide use of short instruments. The corresponding items often contain multiple, potentially conflicting descriptors within one item. In Study 1 ( N = 198 university students), the reliability and validity of the TIPI (Ten-Item Personality Inventory) was compared with the reliability and validity of a modified TIPI based on items that rephrased each two-descriptor item into two single-descriptor items. In Study 2 ( N = 268 university students), we administered the BFI-10 (Big Five Inventory short version) and a similarly modified version of the BFI-10 without two-descriptor items. In both studies, reliability and construct validity values occasionally improved for separated multi-descriptor items. The inventories with multi-descriptor items showed shortcomings in some factors of the TIPI and the BFI-10. However, the other scales worked comparably well in the original and modified inventories. The limitations of short personality inventories with multi-descriptor items are discussed.

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