scholarly journals Antecedents And Consequences Of Foreign Direct Investment And International Procurement Through A General Strategic Management Lens

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Virginia Anne Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Multinational Firms ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Multiple Perspectives ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Planning And Control ◽  
Antecedents And Consequences

Since multiple perspectives and dynamic national environments can be applied to explain how value is created in an international context, multinational firms need analytical guidelines when facing procurement and production decisions concerning various worldwide locations for value-added chain activities such as marketing, production, distribution, and after sales service. The ultimate aim of this research was to abstract and empirically test a realistic but fairly simple localization framework to facilitate the design of an information system that supports a cost-benefit analysis based on legal requirements, value chain activities, and product costs. A balance was sought between inclusiveness and minimalism in the development of a normative model for implementation of dynamic strategic planning and control programs. The data show the participants behavior is significantly influenced by all three elements supporting the value-added localization model and validating the holistic approach put forth by Lecraw & Morrison (1991).

Yamuna Action Plan-III: Impact on Water Quality of River Yamuna, India

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Ankit Srivastava ◽  
Prathna T.C.
Keyword(s):  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Pollutant Load ◽  
River Ganges ◽  
The World ◽  
River Yamuna ◽  
The Impact

Water is indispensable to sustain life and livelihood, and rivers serve as major reservoirs of water in manyparts of the world. River Yamuna is the major tributary of the River Ganges in India and is considered to be among the most polluted rivers of the world. The Yamuna Action Plan (YAP) is one of the largest river restoration projects in India and is initiated to clean the river. YAP is a bilateral arrangement between the governments of India and Japan, and consists of three Actions Plans-I, II and III. YAP-III is currently under execution with some of the major projects being the construction of the new Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) at Okhla, rehabilitation and upgrading of WWTPs at Kondli and Rithala in the Delhi region. The impact of YAP-III with regard to these major projects on the reduction of the pollutant load reaching the river and cost-benefit has been evaluated in the current study. Findings from the study indicated that major projects such as construction of a new WWTP at Okhla (124 MGD) can effectively reduce the pollutant load by 283 kg/MGD of wastewater at a cost of Rs. 1161 crores while the rehabilitation project at Rithala (Phase I) can reduce the pollutant load by 92.5 kg/MGD wastewater at a cost of Rs. 300 crores. The present study indicates the need to evaluate projects in terms of cost-benefit analysis in addition to the economic and environmental evaluation for effective action. A holistic approach towards treatment of pollutant load in the river and prevention of further pollutants from reaching the river is required in addition to community awareness and participation for sustainable river water management.

scholarly journals The Application of Economic Value Added on Green Facilities of Urban Agriculture

2018 ◽  
Vol 57 ◽  
pp. 05001
Author(s):  
Kuo Wei Hsu ◽  
Shang Zhen Liao
Keyword(s):  
Urban Agriculture ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Economic Value Added ◽  
Psychological Benefits ◽  
Production And Consumption

Green facilities of urban agriculture offer a fertile ground for green innovation, such as rooftop gardens, green curtains, and indoor plant growing, which create a new forms of urban farming economy. The previous studies for cost-benefit analysis of urban agriculture indicated that green facilities could contribute both quantitative and qualitative benefits. The value of green facility strategies of urban agriculture may often be underestimated without transforming qualitative benefits to quantitative benefits. This study examined the effects of green facilities of urban agriculture development in Taiwan. The market reaction was explored by adopting economic value added (EVA) technique for the measurement of both quantitative and qualitative value contributed by green facilities. The results from this study support that there exists interaction between qualitative factors such as indirect economic benefits and social psychological benefits and quantitative factors, agricultural production and energy saving impacted by green facilities. The study concluded that consumers of urban agricultural crops are willing to pay more for eco-friendly products. The establishment of relationship between urban agricultural production and consumption can contribute to sustainability while generating economic opportunities.

scholarly journals L’industrie de l’amiante

2005 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-284
Author(s):  
Roma Dauphin
Keyword(s):  
Multinational Firms ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Asbestos Fiber ◽  
The Political ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Fiber Production ◽  
Asbestos Fibers ◽  
Political Forces ◽  
The Government

This study is comprised of two parts. The first is essentially descriptive and seeks to define with greater precision the nature of the Western world's asbestos fiber needs, account being made currently-known technology and the existence of substitutes. Asbestos ore reserves are then examined with a view to evaluating the constraints conditioning current asbestos fiber production. With the exception of that carried out in the U.S.S.R., this production is highly concentrated in Quebec whose surplus output is exported to every continent at prices that have experienced a staggering increase since 1973 even though international trade in asbestos fibers is conducted via multinational firms. The second part of the study contains a cost-benefit analysis of Quebec's new policy as well as a brief consideration of the political forces that have induced the Government of Quebec to adopt it.

An assessment of wetland management scenarios: the case of Zazari–Cheimaditida (Greece)

2005 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 115-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Psychoudakis ◽  
A. Ragkos ◽  
M. Seferlis
Keyword(s):  
Social Impact ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Wetland Management ◽  
Stakeholder Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Management Scenarios ◽  
Wetland Functions ◽  
Wetland Drainage

This study suggests an integrated framework for the assessment of wetland management scenarios, based on a holistic approach of wetland ecosystems. All costs and benefits of management scenarios are estimated in terms of the value of wetland functions, which are indirectly valuated with a Contingent Valuation of goods and services they provide. The social impact of introducing the scenarios is also investigated with a stakeholder analysis, based on a survey. Scenario plausibility and acceptability are examined based on the results of the stakeholder analysis; on the other hand, the assessment of the scenarios, using cost-benefit analysis and multi-criteria analysis, provides quantitative performance indicators adequate to incorporate uncertainties and mutable policy objectives. This framework is applied to assess three management scenarios for a Greek wetland. The results indicate that the continuation of existing management practices is the most efficient alternative unless interventions for the restoration of wetland functions are conservatively budgeted, while a wetland drainage scenario performs poorly both in terms of economic efficiency and social impact.

scholarly journals Contract farming risks: A quantitative assessment

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-52
Author(s):  
Arkins M Kabungo ◽  
Glenn P Jenkins
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Real Exchange Rate ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Commodity Prices ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Monte Carlo Analysis ◽  
Financial Economic ◽  
Stakeholder Model

The objective of this study is to identify the key risks facing each of the stakeholders in the export-focused paprika value chain in Zambia. Although a deterministic cost-benefit analysis indicated that this outgrower scheme would have a very satisfactory net present value (NPV), a Monte Carlo analysis using an integrated financial–economic–stakeholder model identifies a number of risk variables that could make this system unsustainable. The major risks include the variability of the real exchange rate in Zambia; the international price of paprika; and the farm yield rates. This analysis points out that irrigation systems are very important for both stabilising and increasing yields. The analysis also shows the limitations of loan financing for such outgrower arrangements when at the sector level it is difficult or even impossible to mitigate the risks from real exchange rate movements and changes in international commodity prices. This micro-level analysis shows how critical real exchange rate management policies are in achieving sustainability of such export-oriented value chains.

scholarly journals Towards a Synthesis of Semi-Input-Output and Little-Mirrlees: A Social Cost-Benefit Analysis with Multiplier Effects of An Irrigation Project in Northwest Malaysia

1979 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-185
Author(s):  
Clive Bell ◽  
Siiantayanan Devarajan
Keyword(s):  
Social Cost ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Investment Project ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Shadow Prices ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Irrigation Project ◽  
Downstream Effects ◽  
The Right

An investment project has effects on the incomes of households, firms and government , not only directly through the value added produced by the project it9Cif, but also by inducing additional output through inter-industry linkages and expenditures out of the extra incomes accruing to its beneficiaries. The latter, sometimes called the "multiplier" or "downstream" effects of a project , have been discussed in some of the recent literature on social cost benefit analysis [6, II]. These contributions have been concerned with the "multiplier" or "downstream" effects of projects, and with the derivation of shadow prices which capture all such effects in full. If these shadow prices are correctly calculated, so it is asserted, then valuing a project 's direct inputs and outputs at these prices yields the right measure of its social profitability . This approach is in the spirit of, and consistent with , that of the various manuals on social cost• benefit analysis [9. 13, 16] .

Trade and Industrialisation Revisited (The Iqbal Memorial Lecture)

1994 ◽  
Vol 33 (4I) ◽  
pp. 359-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian M. D. Little
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Book Industry ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Memorial Lecture ◽  
Export Policies ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Development Literature

In 1970 the book Industry and Trade in Some Developing Countries by myself, Tibor Scitovsky and Maurice Scott was published (referred to henceforth as LSS). It exposed the bad effects of the import substitution policies which had been the prevailing mode of industrialisation in developing countries for a long time. It advocated the elimination of quotas and a uniform tariff of 10-15 percent. The exchange rate should be adjusted to ensure that exports were competitive. If any industry was, exceptionally, to receive more promotion than that implied by the low tariff, this should be by some form of subsidisation which should not exceed another 10-15 percent of domestic value-added. LSS is, I believe, still the most quoted work on the subject. l It was quite closely related in theory to the methods of cost-benefit analysis proposed by Little and Mirrlees (1974) (referred to henceforth as LM). While the influence of LSS on the development literature was extensive, neither it nor LM would seem to have had any influence whatever on the policies of most developing countries for a decade. This is, perhaps, the normal fate of policyoriented books. Korea and Taiwan continued with the export policies they had already initiated. Admittedly these policies eliminated the bias against exports inherent in protective policies, a bias that LSS had castigated. But Korea, and to a lesser extent Taiwan, also reverted in the 1970s to the selective promotion of some mainly capital intensive industries (referred to as Heavy and Chemical Industiies (HCI) in Korea) producing tradables. In Korea, towards the end of the 1970s, it is possible that LSS played some part in the modification of the HCI drive. But only in Chile was the policy of a low uniform tariff, as advocated by LSS, wholly adopted. Chile has stuck to this policy.

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