scholarly journals The Effects Of Water Utility Pricing On Low Income Consumers

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald A. Forrer ◽  
Jacob Boudreau ◽  
Elizabeth Boudreau ◽  
Sheronia Garcia ◽  
Christopher Nugent ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Capital Requirements ◽  
Pricing Models ◽  
Water Utility ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Family ◽  
Rate Study ◽  
Water And Wastewater ◽  
Low Income Consumers ◽  
Utility Pricing

This study reviews ten water utilities in Florida utilizing current pricing models to determine how municipal utilities approach affordability.  Water is no longer a commodity that can be taken for granted as the effects on the family budget has risen considerably in the past couple of decades. Increasing costs in capital, debt, personnel, chemicals, retrieval, and production have dramatically increased the price of water.  Municipalities are faced with diminishing resources, escalating costs, and the need to consider those less fortunate when determining utility pricing.  This research reviews programs available to utilities to offset the effect on capital requirements if municipalities adapt a low income friendly pricing model.  Ten Florida municipalities are examined utilizing data from the 2012 Water and Wastewater Rate Study conducted for the American Water Works Association.   Additionally, affordability programs for all ten municipalities are reviewed. 

Primary Care Physicians' Discussion of Emotional Distress and Patient Satisfaction

2007 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 331-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Revital Gross ◽  
Shuli Brammli-Greenberg ◽  
Hava Tabenkin ◽  
Jochanan Benbassat
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Patient Satisfaction ◽  
Emotional Distress ◽  
Family Physician ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Satisfaction With Care ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Family ◽  
Patient Satisfaction With Care

Objectives: To assess: a) the prevalence and determinants of self-reported emotional distress in the Israeli population; b) the rate of self-reported discussion of emotional distress with family physicians; and c) the association between such discussions and patient satisfaction with care. Method: Design: Retrospective, cross-sectional survey that was conducted through structured telephone interviews in Hebrew, Arabic, and Russian. This study was part of a larger study assessing patients' perceptions of the quality of health services. Participants: A representative sample of 1,849 Israeli citizens aged 22 to 93 (response rate: 84%). Independent variables: Gender, age, ethnicity (spoken language), education, income, self-reported chronic disease, self-reported episode(s) of emotional distress during the last year, and having discussed emotional distress with the family physician. Outcome measure: satisfaction with care. Results: 28.4% reported emotional distress and 12.5% reported discussion of emotional distress with a primary care physician in the past year. Logistic regression identified female gender, Arab ethnicity, low income, and chronic illness as independent correlates of emotional distress. These as well as Russian speakers and having experienced emotional distress during the past year were identified as independent correlates of discussion of emotional distress with the family physician. Patients who reported discussion of emotional distress with their family physician were significantly more satisfied with care. Conclusions: Encouraging physicians to detect and discuss emotional distress with their patients may increase patient satisfaction with care, and possibly also improve patients' well-being and reduce health care costs.

scholarly journals The Coexistence of Nanostores within the Retail Landscape: A Spatial Statistical Study for Mexico City

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 10615
Author(s):  
Camilo Andrés Mora-Quiñones ◽  
Leopoldo Eduardo Cárdenas-Barrón ◽  
Josué C. Velázquez-Martínez ◽  
Karla M. Gámez-Pérez
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Mexico City ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
Retail Market ◽  
Spatial Statistical Analysis ◽  
The Past ◽  
Managerial Implications ◽  
Low Income Consumers

This paper aims to improve understanding of the grocery retail landscape in a megacity in the developing world. Over the past ten years (i.e., 2010–2020), retail in the grocery sector in Mexico City has changed significantly. The fast growth of chain convenience stores (CCS) and the financial stability of modern channel stores (MCS) has provoked speculation about whether nanostores (i.e., mom-and-pop stores) are going to disappear or if they will endure. In developing countries nanostores dominate the grocery retail market, providing a source of income to millions of families. While some studies suggest that nanostores will keep growing in number because they are more likely to be attached to growing middle- and low-income consumers in developing countries, our results show that high- and medium–high-income consumers purchase at nanostores too. Through a comprehensive spatial statistical analysis, we provide evidence that nanostores will endure and, most importantly, coexist with MCS and CCS regardless of the socioeconomic levels that coexist in the urban areas of a developing megacity. To gain a thorough understanding of how the grocery retail market is organized in Mexico City, and provide a richer discussion on the logistics and managerial implications for stakeholders (e.g., customers, practitioners, shopkeepers, suppliers, and policymakers), we also validate hypotheses from the literature related to this context and the three channels studied in this work.

Water supply and sanitation planning model: a management tool for large Brazilian cities

2003 ◽  
Vol 3 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 469-476
Author(s):  
S.R.A. Soares ◽  
R.S. Bernardes
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Urban Water ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Modeling Approach ◽  
Developing Cities ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Water And Wastewater ◽  
Water Supply And Sanitation

The sanitary problems promoted by the rapid urbanization process in developing cities are usually resulted from the absence of planning, high population concentration and inadequate water and wastewater infrastructure for low income people. Because the provision and planning of water supply and is a complex task, a modeling approach was used to enhance the understanding of the process and the aspects involved. In the development of a model, not only the technical aspects were taken into account, but other aspects related to the provision of drinking water and the water resources protection were also analyzed, such as institutional, financial, socioeconomic, environmental and public health. In the modeling process two different methods of conceptualization were used to describe the urban water flow through the water and wastewater systems linked to various aspects related to their implementation in large developing cities. The urban water systems of five large metropolitan areas in Brazil were also evaluated for the complete model. It is expected that the modeling approach developed in this paper consists of a valuable methodology for water supply and sanitation planning in Brazilian cities, and other developing cities with the same characteristics. The suggested conceptual model could, at least, provide more than a starting point for a useful urban water management tool.

An Overview on Phytochemical and Pharmacological Profile of Morus alba Linn.

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arpita Paul ◽  
Monami Rajiung ◽  
Kamaruz Zaman ◽  
Sushil Kumar Chaudhary ◽  
Hans Raj Bhat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Morus Alba ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Pharmacological Profile ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Significant Information ◽  
The Past ◽  
Comprehensive Information ◽  
The Family ◽  
White Mulberry

Background: Morus alba Linn. commonly known as white mulberry, belongs to the family Moraceae, is a promising traditional medicine. In Asia, besides its use in the preparation of delicacies, every part of this plant is utilized in traditional medicine. Over the past decade, studies related to identification and isolation of biologically active compounds, with flavonoids as the major class of phytoconstituents, from this plant has been reported. These phytoconstituents are not only found to be beneficial for the maintenance of general health but also are associated with a range of potential pharmacological activities such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, anticancer, hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, neuroprotective to name a few. Objective: This review aims to provide upgraded and comprehensive information regarding the phytochemical, ethnomedicinal use and pharmacological profile of the plant Morus alba Linn. Method: The significant information has been collected through various database viz. PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Science Direct based on the recent findings, using different terms of Morus alba. Results: The outcome of the study suggests that Morus alba is a multifunctional plant numerous phytochemicals, and possess a range of pharmacological activities. Conclusion: The data assembled on Morus alba will be beneficial to trigger research in various fields of pharmaceutical and allied science to explore the medicinal importance of this unique plant.

Factor X Deficiency Due to a Compound Heterozygosis Between a New Mutation (Gla72Asp) in Exon 2 and an Already Known one (Gly154Arg) in Exon 5: Factor X Mar Del Plata1)

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-173
Author(s):  
Antonio Girolami ◽  
Diana Noemi Garcia de Paoletti ◽  
Marcelo Leonardo Nenkies ◽  
Silvia Ferrari ◽  
Hugo Guglielmone
Keyword(s):  
Bleeding Tendency ◽  
Bleeding Disorders ◽  
Factor X ◽  
Substitution Therapy ◽  
New Mutation ◽  
Exon 2 ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Past ◽  
Factor X Deficiency ◽  
The Family

Background: Investigation of rare bleeding disorders in Latin-America. Objective: The report of a new case of FX deficiency due to a compound heterozygosis. Methods: Accepted clotting procedures were used. Sequencing of DNA was carried out by means of Applied Biosystems Instruments. Results: A compound heterozygote due to the association of a new mutation (Gla72Asp) with an already known mutation (Gly154Arg) of the FX gene is reported. The proposita is a 38 year old female who had a moderate bleeding tendency (menorrhagia, epistaxis, easy bruising). The proposita has never received substitution therapy but in the occasion of a uterine biopsy. The mother was asymptomatic but was a heterozygote for the new mutation. The father was asymptomatic but had deserted the family and could not be investigated. After this abandonment the mother of the proposita re-married with an asymptomatic man and she gave birth to a son who was asymptomatic but was also heterozygous for the new mutation (Gla72Asp). As a consequence it has to be assumed that the first husband of the mother of the proposita was heterozygous for the known mutation (Gly154Arg). Conclusion: This is the third case of a new mutation in the FX gene reported, during the past few years, in Argentina.

The Three-Legged Stool of Voter Engagement

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-56
Author(s):  
Adelaide K. Sandler ◽  
Mary E. Hylton ◽  
Jason Ostrander ◽  
Tanya R. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Social Work ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Voter Turnout ◽  
Political Power ◽  
Voter Registration ◽  
Elected Officials ◽  
Allocation Of Resources ◽  
Community Members ◽  
The Past ◽  
Voting Decisions

Disparities in voter turnout have increased significantly over the past four decades. Members of historically oppressed groups, those who are low-income, and or who have lower levels of education vote at significantly lower rates than white, wealthy and or more educated community members. These disparities correlate directly to political power and the eventual allocation of resources by elected officials. Therefore, eliminating these disparities through targeted voter engagement with client groups is particularly important for the profession of social work. This article describes the conceptualization of voter engagement as a three-legged stool, consisting of voter registration, regular voting, and basing voting decisions on self-interest.Without attention to all three legs, the potential for generating political power collapses, resulting in minimal influence on elected officials.

scholarly journals Adhesion GPCRs in Glioblastoma

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriele Stephan ◽  
Niklas Ravn-Boess ◽  
Dimitris G Placantonakis
Keyword(s):  
G Protein ◽  
G Protein Coupled Receptors ◽  
The Past ◽  
Novel Treatment ◽  
The Family ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Basic Biology ◽  
G Protein Coupled ◽  
Potential Use ◽  
Receptor Family

Abstract Members of the adhesion family of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) have received attention for their roles in health and disease, including cancer. Over the past decade, several members of the family have been implicated in the pathogenesis of glioblastoma. Here, we discuss the basic biology of adhesion GPCRs and review in detail specific members of the receptor family with known functions in glioblastoma. Finally, we discuss the potential use of adhesion GPCRs as novel treatment targets in neuro-oncology.

scholarly journals Sixty Years with the Chrysobalanaceae

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghillean T. Prance
Keyword(s):  
Economic Botany ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
New Techniques ◽  
Conservation Ecology ◽  
The Past ◽  
New Findings ◽  
The Family ◽  
Molecular Studies ◽  
Economic Use

AbstractA review is given of the studies of Ghillean Prance and associates on the Chrysobalanaceae over the past sixty years. This has focussed on defining the generic boundaries in the family and on monographic work with a worldwide approach to this pantropical family. The importance of field studies for work on monographs and Floras is emphasized. Monographs are still the basis for much work on conservation, ecology and economic botany and are needed as a foundation for molecular studies. The importance of being open to experimenting with new techniques and as a result being willing to change the taxonomy in accordance with new findings is demonstrated and emphasized. The twelve genera of the Chrysobalanaceae at the beginning of this career-long study have now increased to twenty-eight in order to present a much better monophyletic and evolutionary arrangement based on recent molecular evidence. In particular it was necessary to divide and rearrange the originally large genera Parinari and Licania into a number of smaller segregate genera. All known species were included in a worldwide monograph published in 2003. A brief review of the economic use for the family is given.

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