scholarly journals Y A-T-Il Une Relation Entre Teneur En Chlorophylle Et Accumulation De La Proline Chez Les Céréales À Paille Sous Déficit Hydrique?

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (15) ◽  
pp. 234
Author(s):  
Merabta Sarra ◽  
Zerafa Chafia ◽  
Benlaribi Mostefa
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Test Conditions ◽  
Triticum Durum Desf ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Déficit Hydrique ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Very High ◽  
Barley Genotypes

This paper focuses on the relationship between two genotypes of durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.): Gamgoum Rekham (GGR) and Haurani; two genotypes of common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.): Florence aurore 8193 (FA) and Mexipak; and two genotypes of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.): Manel and Saïda 183. These genotypes were subjected to a water deficit during a period of twenty days at the heading stage. The proline content and the chlorophyll content are determined on the standard leaves both on the control and on the sample subjected to water stress after twenty days and after one and two weeks, following the return of watering. Despite the fact that these varieties are cultivated under the same conditions on the Algerian highlands, their reactions to the test conditions are very different. As a matter of fact, GGR and FA recorded very high levels of proline at the end of the stress. This, however, was at the moment when the two barley genotypes presented relatively low values for the two studied parameters. After the return of watering, the proline contents at the various genotypes returned gradually to those of the controls. The GGR genotype recovers more quickly than the others. As for the chlorophyll content, it evolves, unevenly, in the course of the test, showing no evolutionary indication in relation to the proline.

No-till alfalfa stand termination strategies: Alfalfa control and wheat and barley production

1999 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. J. Bullied ◽  
M. H. Entz ◽  
S. R. Smith Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Unique Problem ◽  
Crown Area ◽  
No Till ◽  
Cereal Grain ◽  
Medicago Sativa L ◽  
The Relationship

Crop rotations involving perennial alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) present the unique problem of terminating the alfalfa stand. Intensive tillage currently used to terminate alfalfa increases the risk of soil erosion and reduces many of the rotational benefits from alfalfa. Inadequate alfalfa termination results in severe competition to the following crop by surviving alfalfa plants. Field experiments were conducted in Manitoba between 1991 and 1993 with the following objectives: 1) to investigate no-till vs. tillage management systems for successful alfalfa termination, 2) to compare fall vs. spring alfalfa termination, 3) to compare the performance of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seeded into alfalfa residue, and 4) to determine the relationship between alfalfa escapes and grain yield. Fall termination produced higher grain yields than spring termination, however this advantage was only achieved with the better termination treatments capable of lowering alfalfa regrowth below a critical level. The best herbicide treatment tested here was glyphosate at 1.78 kg a.i. ha−1. Successful treatments would have to reduce residual alfalfa basal crown area (a measure of alfalfa regrowth potential) after cereal grain harvest to below 2%. Alfalfa escapes reduced yield of following wheat and barley crops similarly (P > 0.05). When alfalfa termination treatment method allowed some regrowth, in-crop herbicide treatments significantly reduced alfalfa basal crown area. Results of this study indicate that it is feasible to terminate alfalfa with herbicides in the absence of tillage, however an overall cropping strategy, including adequate consideration of weeds present in alfalfa fields at time of termination, must be considered. Key words: Herbicides, competition, recropping, no-till, alfalfa regrowth, soil conservation, sustainable cropping

scholarly journals Comportement Phénologique et MorphoPhysiologique de Quelques Génotypes d’orge et de blé

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 287
Author(s):  
Zerafa Chafia ◽  
Ghenai Awatef ◽  
Benlaribi Mostefa
Keyword(s):  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
Data Bank ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Triticum Durum Desf ◽  
Vegetable Material ◽  
Made In

The study which we propose on this agro-diversity requires precise and methodological characterization of some specimens of germplasm. Thus, a number of characteristics relating to the vegetative apparatus, the reproductive system, and the grain were quantified throughout the life cycle of the plant. This is to say that it takes place from the sowing time to the time of maturation of the caryopsis (Grain). The description of three durum wheat genotypes (Triticum durum Desf.), three common wheat genotypes (Triticum aestivum L.), and three of the barley genotypes (Hordeum vulgare L.) was carried out. This was in addition to phenology as well as the production characteristics (Agronomic characteristics) and adaptation characteristics. In particular, water deficit was adopted by the Vegetals Obtentions Protections Union (UPOV) from the year 1981. Also, it was expressed by Soltner in 1982 and 2005. Results obtained through the descriptive sheets and phenology show the existence of interesting intra and inter-specific variability that must be preserved, restored, and valorized. This is, however, performed on the vegetable material that are still available and whose genetic potential must be known precisely. Subsequently, we can suggest that the knowledge of cultivar phenology as well as the establishment of its descriptive sheet, as proposed by UPOV, is valuable as the prerequisite for any breeding program. Moreover, this constitutes a data-bank tow whose reference is made in the preservation and conservation of plant genetic resources.

RELATIONSHIP OF SPIKE NODDING ANGLE AND KERNEL BRIGHTNESS UNDER SIMULATED RAINFALL IN BARLEY

1979 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 481-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. BRINKMAN ◽  
T. M. LUK
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Color Difference ◽  
Upright Position ◽  
Simulated Rainfall ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Barley Genotypes

The purpose of this research was to study the relationship between spike nodding angle and kernel brightness under simulated rainfall in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Five genotypes, selected for differences in kernel brightness and spike nodding angle in the field, were grown in the greenhouse. At approximately 10 days after heading, spike nodding angles of 0, 60, 120, and 180° from a completely upright position were established for each genotype. Spikes were sprinkled with water three times daily until they were ripe. After harvest, kernel brightness and yellowness were measured with a Hunter Color Difference Meter (HCDM). Kernels from spikes nodded at angles of 120 and 180° were significantly brighter than kernels from spikes nodded at angles of 0 and 60°, but there were no significant differences among the four angles for degree of yellowness. A nonsignificant genotype × spike nodding angle interaction for kernel brightness indicated that the barley genotypes responded similarly to nodding angle treatments regardless of their natural kernel brightness. Results of this research indicate that the spike nodding angle should be greater than 90° from vertical in order to contribute to kernel brightness in moist conditions. It is suggested that the barley breeder consider both natural kernel brightness and spike nodding angle as selection criteria for developing varieties with improved kernel brightness.

EFFECTS OF A BRIEF MAGNETIC EXPOSURE ON CEREAL GERMINATION AND SEEDLING GROWTH

1978 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. V. GUSTA ◽  
K. J. KIRKLAND ◽  
H. M. AUSTENSON
Keyword(s):  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Magnetic Treatment ◽  
Controlled Environment ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Wild Oats ◽  
Water Imbibition ◽  
Magnetic Exposure ◽  
Seedling Growth Rate ◽  
Triticum Durum Desf

The effects of magnetic treatment (0–4,000 gauss) on dry seeds of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. and Triticum durum Desf.), barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and wild oats (Avena fatua L.) were investigated under controlled environment conditions. Exposure of dry seeds of wheat, barley and wild oats to a magnetic field had no effect on germination and seedling growth. The emergence rate of Neepawa wheat and Hercules durum was unaffected by exposure of seed to a field strength of 0,375 and 4,000 gauss. However, exposure of barley seeds imbibed for 10 h prior to treatment reduced seedling growth rate. Exposure of dry seeds of barley and wheat to 0 and 375 gauss had no effect on water imbibition or leakage of cellular electrolytes.

scholarly journals ALLELIC VARIATIONS OF SOS, HVNHX AND SDO GENES IN SOME BARLEY (Hordeum Vulgare L.) GENOTYPES

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 1441-1448
Author(s):  
D. Taher ◽  
A. AL-Aouda ◽  
S. Lawand
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Morphological Pattern ◽  
Field Crops ◽  
Polymorphic Pattern ◽  
Amplicon Size ◽  
Allelic Variations ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Per Gene ◽  
Very High ◽  
Barley Genotypes

This study has been carried out at the Biotechnology Lab., Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Damascus University during the growing season 2019 - 2020, in order to detect the variations of SOS, HVNHX and SDO genes in different barley genotypes.  Clear variations in the SOS, HVNHX and SDO genes, which are responsible for salinity tolerance were found among the investigated genotypes. It has been found that the variation in the amplicon size between loci per gene was very high in some cases, while there was a high degree of symmetry in other cases, and could be easily distinguished on 2% Agarose gel. The PCR results for the SOS genes (SOS1, SOS2, SOS3), HVNHX genes (HVNHX1, HVNHX2, HVNHX3) and SDO genes (Cu/Zn SODII, Cu/Zn SODI, CAT, GRI , APXIII) have shown only one morphological pattern in most of the studied genotypes, while revealed two patterns for the SOS3 gene, but the rest of genes (HVNHX1, HVNHX2, HVNHX3  Cu/Zn SODI, CAT) exhibited only one morphological pattern. The SOS3 was superior in the number of polymorphic patterns, as the number of total patterns was 14 in all the studied genotypes, but the Cu/Zn SODI showed the least number of polymorphic patterns with only 1 pattern, while the largest number (7 patterns) was detected in the genotype (H9), but the two genotypes Fourat9 and Fourat7 showed only one polymorphic pattern.

scholarly journals Frequency of foot deformity in preschool girls

2010 ◽  
Vol 67 (11) ◽  
pp. 928-932 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilona Mihajlovic ◽  
Miroslav Smajic ◽  
Jelena Sente
Keyword(s):  
Foot Deformities ◽  
School Age ◽  
Foot Deformity ◽  
Weak Evidence ◽  
Flat Feet ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Novi Sad ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Very High ◽  
Postural Disorders

Background/Aim. In order to determine the moment of creation of postural disorders, regardless of the causes of this problem, it is necessary to examine the moment of entry of children into a new environment, ie. in kindergarten or school. There is a weak evidence about the age period when foot deformity occurs, and the type of these deformities. The aim of this study was to establish the relationship between the occurrence of foot deformities and age characteristics of girls. Methods. The research was conducted in preschools 'Radosno detinjstvo' in the region of Novi Sad, using the method of random selection, on the sample of 272 girls, 4-7 years of age, classified into four strata according to the year of birth. To determine the foot deformities measurement technique using computerized digitized pedografy (CDP) was applied. Results. In preschool population girls pes transversoplanus and calcanei valga deformities occurred in a very high percentage (over 90%). Disturbed longitudinal instep ie flat feet also appeared in a high percentage, but we noted the improvement of this deformity according to increasing age. Namely, there was a statistically significant correlation between the age and this deformity. As a child grows older, the deformity is lower. Conclusion. This study confirmed that the formation of foot arches probably does not end at the age of 3-4 years but lasts until school age.

Drought resistance in spring wheat cultivars. II.* Effects on plant water relations

1979 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 801 ◽  
Author(s):  
RA Fischer ◽  
M Sanchez
Keyword(s):  
Water Relations ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Large Set ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Drought Intensity ◽  
Western Mexico ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Field Plots

We studied cultivar and drought effects on the water relations of a large set of cultivars of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), durum wheat (T. turgidum), triticale (X Tritosecale Wittmack) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), grown in field plots in north-western Mexico in the presence and absence of simulated late drought. Leaf water potential (Ψ) and osmotic potential (π), and leaf permeability (LP) to viscous air flow were measured between 1000 and 1600 hours on many dates; leaf turgor potential (p) was calculated. Drought caused associated reductions in Ψ, π and LP. Cultivar effects on these variables were usually significant on given dates, and reasonably consistent between dates and drought intensities in the case of Ψ, but less so for π and LP. There were consistent positive phenotypic correlations between Ψ and LP, and Ψ and anthesis date, and a negative correlation between Ψ and stature in the absence of drought. The relationship of LP to Ψ for different cultivars differed significantly: in particular, tall bread wheats had lower LP than dwarf cultivars at high values of Ψ, whereas at low Ψ they had higher LP than the dwarf cultivars. There was general osmotic adjustment, and a tendency for the relationship of p to Ψ to vary between cultivars. Irrespective of statistical significance, the effects of cultivar were generally small relative to those of drought intensity.

scholarly journals A Comparative Study of Chlorophyll Content Estimation in Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Genotypes Based on RGB (Red, Green, Blue) Image Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Guendouz ◽  
Hocine Bendada ◽  
Ramadan Benniou
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Image Analysis ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Mean Squared Error ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Vegetation Indices ◽  
Photochemical Reactions ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Processing Techniques ◽  
Barley Genotypes

Background: Chlorophyll is the most important pigment in plant which absorbs light and subsequently transfers its energy to drive the photochemical reactions of photosynthesis. The numerical image processing techniques have been widely used in the analysis of leaf characteristics.Methods: The methods based on RGB (Red, Green and Blue) image analysis may emerge as a new and low-cost method for estimation the chlorophyll content. In this work, we use eight RGB vegetation indices as alternative for chlorophyll content estimation. Result: The student t-test showed that all the RGB indices tested are suitable to estimate the chlorophyll content in barley genotypes. In addition, the results which based on the correlation analysis in combination with the values of root mean squared error (RMSE) demonstrate that the very suitable RGB indices are these with high values of correlation coefficient and lowest values of RMSE. Data collected from barley genotypes leaves indicated that digital image processing technology can be a useful and rapid non-destructive method for assessment of chlorophyll content. Among the RGB indexes tested in this study the 100-(2R-B) and RGRI (R/G) are the most promising index to estimate the chlorophyll content in barley genotypes.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document