Contribution of Latex Micro Diagnosis to Modern Management of Rubber Plantations: Case of Clones With Low or Slow Metabolism PB 217 and PR 107

The cultivated rubber clones are sensitive to latex harvesting regimes according to their laticiferous metabolism. Thus, in order to determine the best latex harvesting systems of clones with low or slow metabolism, six latex harvesting technologies are applied to them in a bulk statistical device from Fisher to four rehearsals. The rubber is tapped in downward half spiral stimulated or not for nine years after the opening of the tapping panel. The agronomic parameters (production, vegetative growth), the tapping panel dryness and those of the latex micro diagnosis were evaluated. The results indicate that these clones independently of the latex harvesting system have good rubber productivity (2310 kg.ha -1 .y-1 ) with good radial vegetative growth (2.9 cm.y -1 ). Their trees show a well-balanced physiological profile and an acceptable sensitivity to the tapping panel dryness (4.9%). However, the physiological index, the bark consumption and the sensitivity to the tapping panel dryness lead to retain the latex harvesting technologies "S/2 d3 6d/7 Pa1(1) ET2.5% 4/y, S/2 d4 6d/7 Pa1(1) ET2.5% 4/y and S/2 d4 6d/7 Pa1(1) ET2.5% 8/y” for the best. This index, favorably influencing the choice of technologies adapted to clones with active metabolism, contributes to the modern and efficient management of a rubber plantation.

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Latex Micro Diagnosis, Modern Management Tool of Rubber Plantations of Clones With Active or Rapid Metabolism IRCA 18, IRCA 130, PB 235, PB 260 and PB 330

European Scientific Journal ESJ ◽

10.19044/esj.2018.v14n3p385 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 14 (3) ◽

pp. 385

Author(s):

Adou Bini Yao Christophe ◽

Okoma Koffi Mathurin ◽

Obouayeba Abba Pacôme ◽

Atsin Guy Joël Olivier ◽

Ballo Espérence Kouadio ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vegetative Growth ◽

Management Tool ◽

Rubber Plantation ◽

Physiological Index ◽

Physiological Profile ◽

Rubber Plantations ◽

Active Metabolism ◽

Efficient Management ◽

Harvesting Systems ◽

Tapping Panel Dryness

The cultivated rubber clones are sensitive to latex harvesting regimes according to their laticiferous metabolism. Thus, in order to determine the best latex harvesting systems of clones with active or rapid metabolism (IRCA 18, IRCA 130, PB 235, PB 260 and PB 330), six latex harvesting technologies are applied to them in a bulk statistical device from Fisher to four rehearsals. The rubber is tapped in downward half spiral stimulated or not for nine years after the opening of the tapping panel. The agronomic parameters (production, vegetative growth), the tapping panel dryness and those of the latex micro diagnosis were evaluated. The results indicate that these clones independently of the latex harvesting system have good rubber productivity (2310 kg.ha -1.y1) with good radial vegetative growth (2.9 cm.y-1). Their trees show a wellbalanced physiological profile and an acceptable sensitivity to the tapping panel dryness (4.9%). However, the physiological index, the bark consumption and the sensitivity to the tapping panel dryness lead to retain the latex harvesting technologies “ S/2 d3 6d/7 Pa1(1) ET2.5% 4/y and S/2 d4 6d/7 Pa1(1) ET2.5% 4/y ” for the best. This index, favorably influencing the choice of technologies adapted to clones with active metabolism, contributes to the modern and efficient management of a rubber plantation.

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Quantitative Assessment of the Agro-physiological Advantages of Upward Tapping in Relation to the Downward Tapping of the GT 1 and PB 260 Rubber Clones [Hevea brasiliensis, Muell. arg. (Euphorbiaceae)] in Southwest Côte d'Ivoire

Journal of Experimental Agriculture International ◽

10.9734/jeai/2021/v43i230650 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 94-104

Author(s):

A. P. Moro ◽

B. Y. C. Adou ◽

M. Diarrassouba ◽

D. Konan ◽

E. F. Soumahin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cote D'ivoire ◽

Hevea Brasiliensis ◽

Côte D’Ivoire ◽

Cote D’Ivoire ◽

Physiological Profile ◽

Rubber Production ◽

Côte D'ivoire ◽

Productivity Gain ◽

Harvesting Systems ◽

Tapping Panel Dryness

The downward tapping on virgin bark of the lower panel (BO) is immediately followed by the upward tapping on virgin bark of the upper panel (HO), consecutively. To determine the agro-physiological advantages of one tapping over another, a study of the downward and upward tapping of the GT 1 and PB 260 clones of Hevea brasiliensis was carried out in southwestern Côte d'Ivoire. For this purpose, the rubber trees were tapped in a downward half-spiral (S/2) at the opening for nine consecutive years, followed by upward quarter-spiral tapping (S/4U) for four consecutive years. The agronomic parameters (rubber production and vegetative growth), tapping panel dryness and the latex micro-diagnosis, were evaluated. For GT 1 clone, the transition from the downward tapping panels to the upward tapping panels resulted rubber productivity gain of 35%. Meanwhile for PB 260, rubber productivity gain was 37%. Regardless of the clone and tapping direction, the higher the rubber productivity of a respective tapping panel, the lower the isodiametric growth of the tree trunk was recorded. Latex harvesting systems, and clone’s combination, did not influence the tapping panel dryness or the physiological profile of the trees. Finally, it should be concluded that upward tapping is more productive than downward tapping, but the quantification of the gains in this rubber production depends on the clone.

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Effect of high-frequency tapping system on latex yield, tapping panel dryness, and biochemistry of young hillside tapping rubber

Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca ◽

10.15835/nbha48412045 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 48 (4) ◽

pp. 2359-2367

Author(s):

Raweerat RUKKHUN ◽

Kesinee IAMSAARD ◽

Sayan SDOODEE ◽

Nipon MAWAN ◽

Nuttapon KHONGDEE

Keyword(s):

High Frequency ◽

Rubber Tree ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Inorganic Phosphorus ◽

Rubber Plantation ◽

Rubber Plantations ◽

Yield Production ◽

Highly Correlated ◽

Tapping Panel Dryness ◽

Latex Yield

The objective of this study was to examine the effect of high-frequency tapping system (1/3S 3d/4) on latex yield, biochemistry and its impact on the Tapping Panel Dryness (TPD) of young RRIM600 hillside tapping rubber. The experiment was conducted at three different hillside rubber plantations (NM 1 - 3) at Na-Mom district, Song Khla province, Thailand. Eight-year-old rubber RRIM 600 clones was used in the experiment starting from 2008 until 2009. The rubber trees were investigated for latex yield production, bark consumption, and TPD. In addition, latex diagnosis (sucrose, inorganic phosphorus (Pi), and thiol levels) was measured. The results demonstrated that high-frequency tapping system positively affected the rubber latex yield formation. However, site-specific condition of rubber plantation altered latex yield production. NM 3 provided the highest latex yield (fresh and dry weight) as compared to other plantations. Tapping frequency was highly correlated to latex yield (fresh and dry weights) in all investigated rubber plantations (R2 > 0.75). Using high-frequency tapping system increased bark consumption and stimulated TPD. Moreover, results of latex diagnosis (sucrose, Pi, and thiol levels) showed relatively unhealthy rubber tree as impacted by high-frequency tapping system. Therefore, the farmer should consider it for better decision-making for tapping system application.

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Effect of different preceding crops and land preparation methods on the agrophysiological and health parameters of Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg clone GT 1 in southwestern Côte d'Ivoire

European Scientific Journal ESJ ◽

10.19044/esj.2018.v14n33p369 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 14 (33) ◽

pp. 369

Author(s):

Ballo Esperence Kouadio ◽

Soumahin Eric Francis ◽

Ballo Koffi Celestin ◽

Elabo Agnyman Eliathe Angeline ◽

Adou Bini Yao Christophe ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cote D'ivoire ◽

Côte D’Ivoire ◽

Preparation Method ◽

Physiological State ◽

Cote D’Ivoire ◽

Physiological Profile ◽

Land Preparation ◽

Preceding Crop ◽

Côte D'ivoire ◽

Tapping Panel Dryness

Land preparation method and preceding crops affect the evolution of rubber trees. Its ignorance and/or poor execution do not allow the efficient development of the agronomic and economic potentialities of plantations. In order to remove this constraint, a study was undertaken in southwestern Côte d'Ivoire. The rubber trees were planted at 510 trees/ha according to a Fisherblock experimental design, of six preceding crop treatments with three repetitions. Only one latex harvesting system was applied (S/2 d/4 6d/7 ET 2.5% Pa 1 (1) 6/y). The parameters measured were rubber yield, annual average girth increment, physiological profile, sensitivity to tapping panel dryness and sensitivity to root rot caused by the genus Fomes. The results showed that the rate of rubber trees found in the plots was good (90.73± 0.47 %) and had varied with land preparation method depending on the preceding crops. Vegetative growth at tapping (2.05±1.36 cm.year -1 ), and average rubber yield (2053±179 kg.ha-1 .year -1 ) and the rate of tree loss due to the genus Fomes (8.33±0.42%) were influenced by land preparation method. The good productivity, the good physiological state of the rubber trees were characterized by a well balanced physiological profile and a tapping panel dryness rate (3.60 ± 1.74%), independently of treatments. The Agroeconomic results showed that mechanically prepared fallow (813641 FCFA.ha-1 .year -1 ) was the best preceding crop and land preparation method. This technical result has two main interests for the national rubber-growing industry, since it actively participates in the national policy for fighting against deforestation but also contributes to the establishment of a secondary forest by the attributes of the rubber-growing plant cover.

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Comparison of Soil Microbial Composition and Diversity Between Mixed and Monoculture Rubber Plantations in Hainan Province, China

Tropical Conservation Science ◽

10.1177/1940082919876072 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

pp. 194008291987607 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Muhammad Tahir Jatoi ◽

Guoyu Lan ◽

Zhixiang Wu ◽

Rui Sun ◽

Chuan Yang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Soil Ph ◽

Hevea Brasiliensis ◽

Fungal Communities ◽

Rubber Plantation ◽

Sequencing Analysis ◽

Microbial Composition ◽

Bacterial Composition ◽

Rubber Plantations ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Soil Bacterial

This study aimed to compare monoculture and mixed rubber plantations in terms of their soil bacterial and fungal composition. An Illumina MiSeq sequencing analysis was performed to investigate the composition and diversity of the soil bacterial and fungal communities among three different rubber ( Hevea brasiliensis) plantations: monoculture, Mixed 1 ( Hevea brasiliensis and Mytilaria laosensis), and Mixed 2 ( Hevea brasiliensis and Michelia macclurei) in Hainan. The results showed that the bacterial composition of the three rubber plantations was basically similar. However, there was a significant difference in fungal communities among the three rubber plantations at both the phylum and operational taxonomic unit level. The species richness, Chao, and Shannon diversity of bacterial communities of monoculture rubber plantations were higher than the Mixed 1 and Mixed 2 rubber plantations, whereas all diversity indexes of fungal communities were relatively equal for the monoculture and mixed rubber plantations. Soil nutrition (such as total nitrogen and total potassium) and soil pH are the main drivers of the bacterial composition ( p < .001). However, soil pH and water content are the main drivers of the fungal composition ( p < .001), and to some extent, soil pH can increase soil bacteria diversity. We suggest that alkaline fertilizers should be applied in mixed rubber plantations to improve the soil pH and, consequently, to increase the total diversity of the rubber plantation.

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Effect of Late Upward Tapping on the Productivity of the Metabolically Active Hevea brasiliensis Clone PB 260 in Southwestern Cote d'Ivoire

Annual Research & Review in Biology ◽

10.9734/arrb/2021/v36i1030440 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 107-117

Author(s):

Kouakou N’guessan Kan Pulchérie ◽

Moro Affia Perpetue ◽

Diarrassouba Moussa ◽

Lehi Irénée Malydie ◽

Konan Djézou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cote D'ivoire ◽

Hevea Brasiliensis ◽

Vegetative Growth ◽

Côte D’Ivoire ◽

Block Design ◽

High Yield ◽

Physiological Profile ◽

Rubber Production ◽

Set Up ◽

Société Civile

In order to evaluate the improvement of rubber productivity of rubber trees by late upward tapping. A study was conducted at SCASO (Société Civile Agricole du Sud-Ouest) on the PB 260 clone of the active metabolic class. The experimental set-up is a Fisher block design with eight treatments and three replications. The treatments compared were bled in reverse in the eleventh year of harvest, in quarter spiral every 3, 4, 5 and 6 days, with stimulation frequencies of 6, 8, 10, 12 and 13 times a year. The parameters measured were rubber production, isodiametric growth, sensitivity to dry notching of trees and physiological profile. The results show that the different latex harvesting technologies improve the rubber productivity of PB 260 (5469 kg.ha-1.yr-1) with a low dry-nut rate (1.2%) and satisfactory radial vegetative growth (3.9cm.yr-1). The physiological profile of the trees is balanced, but the treatments significantly influenced the different parameters except sucrose. Trees bled in S/4U d3 gave better results due to their high yield with an acceptable dry notch rate. Late reverse tapping is therefore a good latex harvesting technology for improving rubber productivity after down tapping.

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STRATEGI PETANI KARET DALAM MEMENUHI KEBUTUHAN HIDUP DI NAGARI TARUANG-TARUANG KECAMATAN RAO KABUPATEN PASAMAN

Jurnal Spasial ◽

10.22202/js.v1i1.1580 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Slamet Rianto

Keyword(s):

Average Distance ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Average Frequency ◽

Primary Data ◽

Rubber Plantation ◽

Selling Price ◽

Rice Paddies ◽

Rubber Plantations ◽

Farming Communities ◽

Descriptive Qualitative

This study aims to gather information, analyze and discuss data on Strategies rubber farmers in meeting the needs of life in Kenagarian Taruang-Taruang districts Rao Pasaman district. This research is descriptive qualitative techniques. To answer this problem used secondary data and primary data. Primary data was collected through observation, interviews, discussions with rubber farmers. The study concluded that: 1) People Nagari Tarung-Tarung have rubber land on average 2-5 hectares, the number of plants owned rubber generally 300 stems / ha, the average distance between the rubber plantation is 2-5 km from the farmhouse. Tools commonly used knives, machetes and hoes, 2) If more rain than the summer, the harvest will be disturbed, to overcome this is usually done fertilization, while the average frequency of harvest by the farmers is 1 time in 2 days, 3) production of rubber farmers in Nagari Tarung-Tarung generally is pure rubber because the selling price was good, generally sold to toke / traders who have a subscription, 4) Income rubber farmers sourced from rubber plantations, the highest selling price obtained farmers from the sap of pure, without mixture. Rubber prices are normal can meet the needs of farmers, but the farmers are not trying to sell directly to the factory rubber. Stable prices because there is no middleman and 5) Alternative business other than farming communities rubber is mostly done in Nagari-Combat Combat is aquaculture, rice paddies and trade was done to reduce the risk in the event of prolonged rainy seasonKeywords: Farmers Strategy Rubber Meets Needs In Life

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Gender analysis of livelihood strategies among ethnic households in Northern Laos: From subsistence agriculture to rubber plantations

10.31124/advance.12085653.v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Kyoko Kusakabe ◽

Chanthavisith Chanthoumphone

Keyword(s):

Gender Roles ◽

Lao Pdr ◽

Rubber Plantation ◽

Subsistence Agriculture ◽

Gender Analysis ◽

Differential Impact ◽

Early Adopters ◽

Rubber Plantations ◽

Maximum Benefit ◽

Social Interface

<p>The study examined livelihood changes in eight villages in Luang Namtha province of northern Lao PDR following the expansion in rubber plantations and analyzed its impact on gender roles and relations. The differential impact of rubber plantation was analyzed on the basis of location (distance from border), infrastructure (distance from roads), land ownership (concession, small farmhold) and timeline for entry into rubber plantations. Early adopters located near the border were able to gain maximum benefit from rubber plantations and these benefits were instrumental in transforming gender roles and relations in favor of women. The study showed used the concept of Long’s ‘social interface’ to argue the diversity in coping strategies employed by women and men in different locations and contexts, and questioned the sustainability of these livelihood changes.</p><p> </p>

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Gender analysis of livelihood strategies among ethnic households in Northern Laos: From subsistence agriculture to rubber plantations

10.31124/advance.12085653 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Kyoko Kusakabe ◽

Chanthavisith Chanthoumphone

Keyword(s):

Gender Roles ◽

Lao Pdr ◽

Rubber Plantation ◽

Subsistence Agriculture ◽

Gender Analysis ◽

Differential Impact ◽

Early Adopters ◽

Rubber Plantations ◽

Maximum Benefit ◽

Social Interface

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Host Plant and Leaf-Age Preference ofLuprops tristis(Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae: Lagriinae: Lupropini): A Home Invading Nuisance Pest in Rubber Plantation Belts

Psyche A Journal of Entomology ◽

10.1155/2012/232735 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Sabu K. Thomas ◽

Mohandas Greeshma ◽

P. Aswathi

Keyword(s):

Host Plant ◽

Leaf Litter ◽

Residential Buildings ◽

Mangifera Indica ◽

Leaf Age ◽

Leaf Disc ◽

Rubber Plantation ◽

Manilkara Zapota ◽

Rubber Plantations ◽

The Western Ghats

Massive seasonal invasion by the litter-dwelling beetleLuprops tristis, into residential buildings prior to monsoon rains, and their prolonged state of dormancy render them a very serious nuisance pest in rubber plantations in the Western Ghats in southern India. Feeding preferences ofL. trististowards leaf litter of seven trees co-occurring in rubber plantations, cashew (Anacardium occidentale), mango (Mangifera indica), jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus), wild jack (Artocarpus hirsutus), cocoa (Theobroma cacao), cassia (Cassia fistula), sapota (Manilkara zapota) and rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) were analyzed with no-choice and multiple-choice leaf disc tests. Results showed thatL. tristisis a generalist feeder with a defined pattern of preference, with the leaf litter of rubber being the most preferred followed by those of jackfruit and cocoa. Tender leaves were preferred over mature leaves except for cocoa and sapota. Equal preference towards tender and mature cocoa leaves, presence of patches of cocoa plantations and the scarce distribution of other host plants in rubber plantation belts leads to the proposal that in the absence of tender and mature rubber leaves, cocoa becomes the major host plant ofL. tristis.

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