scholarly journals Strength benefit of sawdust/wood ash amendment in cement stabilization of an expansive soil

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (50) ◽  
pp. 44-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jijo James
Keyword(s):  
Expansive Soil ◽  
Experimental Program ◽  
Unconfined Compression Strength ◽  
Strength Gain ◽  
Unconfined Compression ◽  
Saw Dust ◽  
Strength Based ◽  
Cement Stabilization ◽  
Early Strength ◽  
Pavement Thickness

The investigation evaluated the strength benefits obtained by amending cement stabilization of an expansive soil by using saw dust ash (SDA), a waste generated in wood milling industries due to burning. The experimental program involved the preparation of cylindrical specimens of size 38 mm x 76mm for evaluating the unconfined compression strength (UCS) of the cement stabilized and amended samples cured for varying periods of 2 hours, 7, 14 and 28 days. Two cement contents of 2% and 6% by weight of soil were adopted to stabilize the soil. The SDA amended cement stabilized samples adopted SDA contents of 5%, 10% and 20% by weight of soil. Strength gain trends for the amended samples were also fitted based on the results of the UCS tests. In order to analyse benefits in pavement design and thickness reduction, the UCS values were used to predict the CBR value of the specimens based on which the reduction in pavement thickness was calculated for different traffic densities. The investigation revealed that 5% SDA amendment of cement stabilization can result in up to 26% increase in early strength and 20% increase in delayed strength. Based on the predicted CBR values, pavement thickness can be reduced up to 8.3%.

scholarly journals Stabilization of black cotton soil using coconut fiber

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
K.U. Arathi ◽  
K.M. Arhulya ◽  
V. Vinaya ◽  
P.V. Pooja ◽  
V.V. Athira
Keyword(s):  
Compression Strength ◽  
Soil Stabilization ◽  
Expansive Soil ◽  
Liquid Limit ◽  
Black Cotton Soil ◽  
Unconfined Compression Strength ◽  
Unconfined Compression ◽  
Coconut Fiber ◽  
Loaded Structure ◽  
Properties Of Soil

Black cotton soil is a soil with low bearing capacity, swelling and shrinkage characteristics. Due to its peculiar characteristics, it forms a very poor foundation material. As black cotton soil is an expansive soil; it creates problem for lightly loaded structure than moderately loaded structure. Through this project, we are trying to study the improvements in the properties of soil by adding coconut fiber of varying percentages. Tests will be conducted to determine liquid limit and unconfined compression strength. Stabilization of soil is an effective method for improving the properties of soil. It has great significance in the future projects. Keywords: Soil stabilization, CBR, Atterberg limits

scholarly journals Analysis of shear strength of the expansive soil stabilized with kaolin at various soaking times

2021 ◽  
Vol 878 (1) ◽  
pp. 012050
Author(s):  
R P W Gultom ◽  
R M Simanjuntak
Keyword(s):  
Shear Strength ◽  
Compression Strength ◽  
Soil Stabilization ◽  
Expansive Soil ◽  
Expansive Clay ◽  
Unconfined Compression Strength ◽  
Unconfined Compression ◽  
Stabilized Soil ◽  
Time Variations ◽  
Dry Soil

Abstract Expansive clay soils are high shrinkage soils that have low bearing capacity. So an effort is needed to reduce the nature of its swelling. One effort that can be done is the method of soil stabilization, where the soil is mixed with materials that can reduce soil swelling and increase the shear strength of the soil. One of the materials that can be used is kaolin powder. Kaolin is a stabilizing agent found in nature so it is easy to obtain. The purpose of this research is to analyse the decrease of expansive soil swelling and the value of its unconfined compression strength at various soaking times. The test was carried out by mixing 9% kaolin powder against dry soil weight. The stabilized soils were then compacted as samples to be soaked with time variations of 0 days, 3 days, 7 days, 10 days, and 14 days. The results of the test after soaking 14 days is a decrease of the stabilized soil swelling value up to 67.78%. The unconfined compression strength is increase up to 77.28% compared to its natural condition.

scholarly journals The effect of cement stabilization on the strength of the Bawen’s siltstone

2018 ◽  
Vol 195 ◽  
pp. 03012
Author(s):  
Edi Hartono ◽  
Sri Prabandiyani Retno Wardani ◽  
Agus Setyo Muntohar
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Laboratory Test ◽  
Cement Content ◽  
Unconfined Compression Strength ◽  
Unconfined Compression ◽  
Toll Road ◽  
Cbr Test ◽  
Problematic Soils ◽  
Dry Soil ◽  
Cement Stabilization

Siltstones are predominantly found along the Bawen toll-road. Siltstone is degradable soil due to weather session. The soil is susceptible to the drying and wetting and the changes in moisture content. Thus, Siltstone is problematic soils in its bearing capacity when served as a subgrade or subbase. The main objective of this study was to investigate the effect of cement stabilization on the strength of Siltstone. The primary laboratory test to evaluate the strength was Unconfined Compression Strength (UCS) and California Bearing Ratio (CBR). The cement content was varied from 2 to 12 per cent by weight of the dry soil. The soils were collected from the Ungaran - Bawen toll road. The specimens were tested after seven days of moist-curing in controlled temperature room of 25°C. The CBR test was performed after soaking under water for four days to observe the swelling. The results show that the mudstones were less swelling after soaking. Cement-stabilized siltstone increased the CBR value and the UCS significantly. The addition of optimum cement content for siltstone stabilization was about 7 to 10 per cent.

scholarly journals Bagasse Ash as an Auxiliary Additive to Lime Stabilization of an Expansive Soil: Strength and Microstructural Investigation

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jijo James ◽  
P. Kasinatha Pandian
Keyword(s):  
Expansive Soil ◽  
Immediate Early ◽  
Strength Development ◽  
Dry Density ◽  
Unconfined Compression Strength ◽  
Unconfined Compression ◽  
Microstructural Investigation ◽  
Lime Content ◽  
Stabilized Soil ◽  
Sugarcane Bagasse Ash

The study dealt with the effect of addition of sugarcane bagasse ash (BA) on the strength development of a lime stabilized expansive soil. Unlike previous investigations with combinations of lime and BA, this study compares the effect of lime contents determined by scientifically established procedures and the effect of BA on the stabilization of lime at different proportions with additional microstructural investigations. The minimum lime content required for stabilization known as initial consumption of lime (ICL) was determined using the Eades and Grim pH test as 5.5%. The optimum lime content (OLC) was determined using unconfined compression strength (UCS) tests as 7%. Another lime content less than ICL was randomly adopted as 3%. The three lime contents were mixed with 0.25%, 0.5%, 1%, and 2% BA. UCS samples of dimension 38 mm × 76 mm were prepared at a fixed dry density and moisture content and cured for periods of 2 hours (0 days), 3, 7, 14, and 28 days to study the development of strength and effect of BA. Mineralogical and microstructural analyses were performed on the pulverized UCS samples after failure. The results revealed that the addition of BA increased the immediate, early, and delayed strength of lime stabilized soil further, even when the lime content was lower than ICL. Addition of BA produced maximum immediate, early, and delayed strength gains of 58.3%, 20.7%, and 32.7%, respectively. Higher proportion of BA was required when lime content was above ICL, for maximum strength. Addition of BA resulted in better utilization of quartz in lime-soil reactions leading to formation of CSH and CAH minerals. A dense compact matrix was seen on analyzing the microstructure of the stabilized soil composite.

scholarly journals The Use of Geogrids in Mitigating Pavement Defects on Roads Built over Expansive Soils

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Shumbusho ◽  
Gurmel S. Ghataora ◽  
Michael P.N. Burrow ◽  
Digne R. Rwabuhungu
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Expansive Soils ◽  
Expansive Soil ◽  
Real Field ◽  
Experimental Program ◽  
Swelling Potential ◽  
Swelling Behaviour ◽  
Wetting And Drying ◽  
Potential Benefits

This study was conducted to investigate the potential benefits of using geogrids in mitigating pavement defects notably roughness and longitudinal cracking on pavements built over expansive soils. The seasonal changes of expansive soils (periodic wetting and drying) cause detrimental effects on the overlying road pavements. Such detrimental behavior of expansive soils was simulated in a controlled laboratory environment through allowing cyclic wetting and drying of an expansive soil underlying a pavement section. The shrink/swell effects of the expansive soil subgrade were examined through monitoring its change in moisture, and measuring deformation of overlying pavement section. The experimental study suggested that a geogrid layer in a reinforced pavement section can reduce surface differential shrinking and swelling deformation resulting from underlying expansive soils by a factor of 2 and 3 respectively in comparison to unreinforced section. Given that an oedometer test which is typically used to predict swelling potential of expansive soils is known to overpredict in-situ soil swell, experimental program also investigated quantitatively the extent to which the oedometer can overestimate swelling behaviour of the real-field scenarios. It was found that oedometer percent swell can overpredict in-situ swelling behaviour of the expansive soil by a factor ranging between 2 and 10 depending upon the period over which the in-situ expansive soil has been in contact with water.

scholarly journals Performance of soils enhanced with eco-friendly biopolymers in unconfined compression strength tests and fatigue loading tests

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Ni ◽  
Shan-Shan Li ◽  
Lei Ma ◽  
Xueyu Geng
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Compression Strength ◽  
Xanthan Gum ◽  
Initial Moisture Content ◽  
Fatigue Loading ◽  
Unconfined Compression Strength ◽  
Unconfined Compression ◽  
Soil Stabilisation ◽  
Loading Tests ◽  
Gum Content

Recently, biopolymers have emerged in soil stabilisation. The efficiency of biopolymers in groundimprovement is mainly dependent on biopolymer types, soil types, biopolymer contents, curing periods,thermal treatment and mixing methods. However, the effect of the initial moisture content during samplepreparation stages, on the mechanical behaviours of biopolymer-treated soils, has not been fullyunderstood. The first part of this study probed the role of initial moisture content, in treating Shanghaiclay with the xanthan gum by performing standard proctor compaction tests, Atterberg limit tests,unconfined compression strength (UCS) tests and microstructural analysis, while the second part contributedto capture the fatigue behaviours of the samples treated with an ideal moisture content by performingconstant-amplitude and stepping-amplitude fatigue loading tests. Our results showed that theimprovement appeared to occur from an average optimum moisture content for the treated soils (treatedoptimum), which was 3% wet of the untreated optimum. As the initial moisture content increased, theUCS values were elevated. However, there existed an ideal initial moisture content leading to the maximumstrengthening efficiency. For xanthan gum content (i.e., the mass of xanthan gum with respect tothe mass of dry soil) ranging from 1.0% to 5.0%, this ideal value was between 1.1 and 1.2 times the treatedoptimum. Our results also indicated that xanthan gum, as a biopolymer soil strengthener, was efficient inincreasing either fatigue life or bearing capacity, under repeated loading for xanthan gum-soil matrices,when compared to untreated soils. While the untreated soils failed at the stress level of only half the UCS,the xanthan gum-treated soils with a 3.0% xanthan gum content sustained at the end of the tests. Thesedata imply the potential use of xanthan gum in soil stabilisation, under repeated loads.

scholarly journals The Effect of Polymer-Cement Stabilization on the Unconfined Compressive Strength of Liquefiable Soils

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Ateş
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Compression Strength ◽  
Unconfined Compressive Strength ◽  
Soil Stabilization ◽  
Sandy Soils ◽  
Pulse Velocity ◽  
Unit Weight ◽  
Unconfined Compression Strength ◽  
Compression Tests ◽  
Unconfined Compression

Soil stabilization has been widely used as an alternative to substitute the lack of suitable material on site. The use of nontraditional chemical stabilizers in soil improvement is growing daily. In this study a laboratory experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of waterborne polymer on unconfined compression strength and to study the effect of cement grout on pre-venting of liquefiable sandy soils. The laboratory tests were performed including grain size of sandy soil, unit weight, ultrasonic pulse velocity, and unconfined compressive strength test. The sand and various amounts of polymer (1%, 2%, 3%, and 4%) and cement (10%, 20%, 30%, and 40%) were mixed with all of them into dough using mechanical kneader in laboratory conditions. Grouting experiment is performed with a cylindrical mould of  mm. The samples were subjected to unconfined compression tests to determine their strength after 7 and 14 days of curing. The results of the tests indicated that the waterborne polymer significantly improved the unconfined compression strength of sandy soils which have susceptibility of liquefaction.

scholarly journals Experimental investigation of soil blended with lime and lignosulphonate

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2.25) ◽  
pp. 74
Author(s):  
Soundarya M.K ◽  
Bhuvaneshwari S ◽  
Prasanna Kumar.S
Keyword(s):  
Expansive Soils ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Expansive Soil ◽  
Pozzolanic Reaction ◽  
Clay Particles ◽  
Bearing Strength ◽  
Pulp Industry ◽  
Saw Dust ◽  
Change Behavior ◽  
Volume Change Behavior

The deterioration of the structures which are built on the expansive soils is due to its volume change behavior, due to the presence of Mont-morillonite minerals in soil. Hence this soil requires adequate stabilization before commencement of any construction activities. The stabili-zation phenomenon in which addition suitable additives completely alters the behavior of the soil by changing the basic properties and there-by increasing the bearing strength of soil. The choice of the additives depends on the ease and permanence of the stabilizing characteristics achieved for the expansive soil. In this paper, an attempt is done to evaluate the behavior of soil when blended with additives like saw dust ash, lime and lignosulphonate at varying blending ratio. The objective of the research work is to focus on the change in the plasticity charac-teristics by utilizing the industrial waste as additive due to its cementitious value, making it eco-friendly and reduction in cost. Lignosulpho-nate is a by-product of paper pulp industry, generated during the sulphite process. From the literature, the optimum percentage for stabilizing works for lime and lignosulphonate was found to be two to eight percent and one to three percent respectively. Basic Index properties and compaction characteristics test were determined for both virgin and treated soil. The additives decreased the plasticity index, causing ag-glomeration of clay particles involving pozzolanic reaction. 

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