scholarly journals Cytological Study of Palpable Breast Lumps with their Histological Correlation

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 128
Author(s):  
R. Bhagat ◽  
M. S. Bal ◽  
V. K. Bodal ◽  
A. K. Suri ◽  
K. Jindal
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Ductal Carcinoma ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Benign Lesion ◽  
Malignant Lesion ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Breast Lesions ◽  
Breast Cancers ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

<strong>Background:</strong>FNAC is an inexpensive and highly accurate means of diagnosing both benign and malignant breast lesions. The procedure provides a rapid and non-morbid diagnosis before the operation which enables the patient and the surgeon to discuss and plan therapeutic alternatives in a rational atmosphere.<p><strong>Objectives:</strong> To evaluate role of fine needle aspiration cytology in the diagnosis of breast lesions and to compare the cytological findings with the histopathology wherever possible. In addition the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of FNAC in breast lesions are carried out.</p><p><strong>Material and Methods:</strong> The present study was carried out on 200 patients who presented with palpable lump in the breast in the Department of Pathology, Government Medical College, Patiala over a period of 2 years. Cytological Diagnosis was correlated with histological findings wherever possible.</p><p><strong>Results:</strong> Cytologically, the lesions were categorized into 4 major categories, benign 143 (71.5%), malignant 37 (18.5%), suspicious or atypical 10 (5%) and unsatisfactory 10 (5%). Out of these 200 cases, 85 cases (42.5%) were available for histopathological examination. The most common benign lesion in this study was fibroadenoma 23/52 (44.2%) and the most common malignant lesion was infiltrating ductal carcinoma (28/33) Diagnostic accuracy of FNAC for benign lesion was 94.2% while for malignant lesion, it was 96.7%. The sensitivity, specificity and overall diagnostic accuracy of FNAC came out to be 93.7%, 98.1% and 96.4% respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion</strong>: FNAC is a simple and reliable method for diagnosis of both benign and malignant lesions quite accurately thus reducing unnecessary surgeries. The present study proved that the procedure has high sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy. Though it cannot categorize the lesion in some cases but it can rule out malignancy in most of the cases. Considering its low cost and quick results, it can be a potential tool for screening of breast cancers.</p>

scholarly journals RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF MAMMOGRAM, SONOMAMMOGRAM AND ITS HISTOPATHOLOGICAL CORRELATION AS AN AID FOR DIAGNOSIS OF BREAST LESIONS

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Sathish babu ◽  
Arifkhan Sainudeen ◽  
Abdul Eksana
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Breast Imaging ◽  
Ductal Carcinoma ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Benign Lesion ◽  
Malignant Lesion ◽  
Breast Lesions ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Malignant Breast ◽  
Malignant Lesions

INTRODUCTION: Breast cancer is the most common cancer impacting 2.1 million women each year and also relates to the most cancer related deaths in women. In 2018, it was estimated that 627,000 women died from breast cancer which approximates to 15 % of all cancer related deaths among women [1]. The triple test– clinical examination, mammography and core biopsy helps in differentiating benign and malignant lesions. Histopathological examination is considered being the gold standard test for confirming malignant lesions and forms the basis of management. AIM: To assess sensitivity of mammogram with ultrasonography in diagnosing various breast lesions and to correlate the categorized breast lesions (BI-RADS) with histopathology reports and thereby obtain specificity and NPV of evaluation using Mammogram and ultrasonography. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective analytical study. Study Period: July 2018 – July 2019. METHODS: The results of ultrasonography and mammography of 72 cases diagnosed clinically with breast lesions over the period of one year in tertiary health care hospital were compared with histopathology reports. RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 45.65 ± 3.19. Our results showed that in histopathology reports in 20 patients (27.78%) were malignant, 51 cases (70.83%) had benign disease and 1 case 1.39% was borderline malignant. Fibroadenoma was the commonest benign lesion whereas infiltrating ductal carcinoma was the most common malignant lesion. Breast Imaging – Reporting and Data System (BIRADS) by mammogram revealed category II in 54.1%, III in 20.8%, IV in 16.6% and V in 8.3%. The specificity of mammography alone in diagnosing malignant breast lesions was 90.1%. When combined (ultrasound and mammogram), the specificity in diagnosing malignant breast lesion was 98.5% CONCLUSION: Mammography and sono-mammogram plays an important role in the diagnostic and surgical management of breast lesions with correlative histopathology evaluation. The diagnostic accuracy shows significant improvement when mammogram was combined with ultrasound correlation and thereby improving sensitivity and specificity of diagnosing malignant breast lesions.

scholarly journals Role of diffusion weighted MR imaging in differentiating benign from malignant prostate lesions

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 2341
Author(s):  
Sachin . ◽  
Kirti Chaturvedy ◽  
R. N. Gehlot ◽  
Prateek Sihag ◽  
Suman Kumari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Chronic Prostatitis ◽  
Benign Lesion ◽  
Malignant Lesion ◽  
Adc Value ◽  
Diffusion Weighted ◽  
Adc Values ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Background: The purpose of the study was to determine the diagnostic accuracy of diffusion weighted MR imaging and to propose a cut off ADC value in differentiating benign from malignant prostatic lesions considering histopathology as gold standard.Methods: It is a descriptive type of observational study done on 40 patients with clinical suspicion of prostate carcinoma and elevated PSA level more than 4ng/ml. The patients underwent Multiparametric prostate MRI and ADC values were calculated using ADC maps.Results: Of the 40 cases included in the study histopathology revealed a diagnosis of abscess (1), chronic prostatitis (2), BPH with chronic prostatitis (4), BPH (12), and malignancy (21). The mean and standard deviation (SD) of ADC values for the abscess (0.59), CP (0.83+0.16), BPH with CP (0.94+0.22), BPH (1.14+0.14) and malignancy (0.72+0.15) (x10-3mm2/s) were found in our study. The mean ADC value of malignant lesion was lower (0.727+0.149) as compare to benign lesion (1.034+0.216) and this difference was found to be statistically significant with p<0.001. By using ROC curve, ADC cut off value was calculated as 0.92 x 10-3mm2/s and sensitivity, specificity at this cut off value of ADC were 95.24% and 73.68% respectively. The PPV, NPV, diagnostic accuracy of at this cut off value of ADC were 80%, 93.33%, 85% respectively.Conclusions: Our study shows that DWI with ADC calculation helps in differentiation of Benign from Malignant prostatic lesions with high accuracy and this quantitative analysis should be incorporated in routine MRI evaluation of prostatic lesions

scholarly journals Histopathological spectrum of neoplastic and non-neoplastic breast lesions: A three years study in rural tertiary care center.

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (01) ◽  
pp. 4721-4725
Author(s):  
Dr. Sanjeev Kumar Singh ◽  
Dr. Geeta Maurya ◽  
Dr. Pinki Pandey ◽  
Dr. Rashmi
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Ductal Carcinoma ◽  
Ductal Carcinoma ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Benign Lesion ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Age Distribution ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Breast Lesions ◽  
Neoplastic Lesions

Background: Breast tumours are very common cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide specially in developing countries. Breast lesions show broad spectrum of disease patterns in respect to benign, malignant, and non-neoplastic. Breast cancer is one of the most frequently occurring cancer among women. Objective: To study the frequency, age distribution, clinical and histological patterns of neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesions of breast in this rural population. Material and methods: This observational study was conducted over a duration of three years. In which we studied 210 cases of breast lesions. Specimens were received in department of pathology. Grossing, tissue processing, staining done according to standard protocol. Haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stained sections were examined under microscope to categorise different type of lesions in the form of non-neoplastic and neoplastic. Results:  Out of 210 breast lesions, fibroadenoma was the commonest (114 cases) benign lesion. While invasive ductal carcinoma (70 cases) was commonest in malignant category. Non neoplastic lesions stand on third place, study showed 6 cases out of 210 total cases, in which acute mastitis (4 cases) was most common. Benign tumours were mostly seen in 2nd and 3rd decade and malignant tumour mainly in 5th and 6th decade Conclusion: Early histopathological diagnosis of breast lesions is very important to differentiate between benign and malignant lesions. Large number of cases of invasive ductal carcinoma (>33% of all cases) were seen in our study, which is a serious concern. So, generation of awareness among women is need of time to reduce the morbidity and mortality specially in Indian rural setup

scholarly journals Ovarian tumors: Incidence, histological type of lesions and treatment in pediatric age group

2021 ◽  
Vol 75 ◽  
pp. 292-296
Author(s):  
Patrycja Sosnowska-Sienkiewicz ◽  
Piotr Nogal ◽  
Dawid Gawron ◽  
Korneliusz Wójcik ◽  
Danuta Januszkiewicz-Lewandowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Tumor Staging ◽  
Benign Lesion ◽  
Mature Teratoma ◽  
Malignant Lesion ◽  
Ovarian Tumors ◽  
Histological Type ◽  
Tumor Type

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence and histological type of lesions affecting the ovaries and to analyze employed methods of invasive treatment. Materials&Methods: Medical records of patients who were treated surgically for ovarian tumors in the years 2015 -2019 were reviewed. The study group was comprised of 31 female patients. Results: During 5 years time, there were 31 girls in the age from 3 months to 17 years hospitalized in the department. The mean age was 11 years. Histopathological examination was performed in all of these cases. 12 patients were diagnosed with malignant lesion, 19 with benign lesion. The most commonly diagnosed malignant tumors were a dysgerminoma and a mixed germ cell tumor. In the group of benign lesions, the most frequent tumor type was mature teratoma. The first occurring symptom was abdominal pain. Some of the lesions were diagnosed accidentally during ultrasonography. The diagnostics was expanded depending on the size of the tumor, staging and clinical condition of the patient. All the patients were treated surgically, 16 of them underwent laparoscopic surgery. Torsion of the ovary or oviduct was observed in 3 cases. Chemotherapy was introduced in 8 cases as complementary treatment. Conclusions: The most commonly diagnosed tumor was mature teratoma. Ultrasonography is the most frequent method of the ovaries’ examination. Ovarian lesions are characterized by non-specific clinical symptoms, which is associated with prevalent incidental detection during ultrasonography.

scholarly journals A study of gastrointestinal tumors at kathmandu medical college teaching hospital

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1285-1288
Author(s):  
Sailesh Bahadur Pradhan ◽  
Binita Pradhan ◽  
Sailuja Maharjan ◽  
Prabin Bikram Thapa
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Benign Lesion ◽  
Malignant Lesion ◽  
College Teaching ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Benign Lesions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College

Background: Gastrointestinal tract tumour is responsible for more cancers and death than any other cancers.  The tumour in GIT include the tumour of the Oral cavity, Esophagus, Stomach, Colon, Rectum, Liver, Gallbladder, Pancreas and Biliary tree.Materials and methods: A cross sectional study was carried out among all the gastrointestinal tract tumours specimens received for histopathological examination in between January 2016 to June 2017 in Department of Pathology, Kathmandu Medical College Teaching Hospital. All tumors diagnosed either benign or malignant were included in this study. Ethical clearance was obtained from the Institutional Review Committee in KMCTH.Results: Colorectum was found to be the most commonly involved site for malignant lesion comprising 40.2% among all malignant lesions followed by stomach comprising 28.6%. Malignancy was found to be more prevalent among male with M:F ratio of 1.6:1 in colorectal region and 1.4:1 in stomach cancers. Regarding benign lesions (polyps), rectum was found to be the commonest site (57.5%), followed by colon (20.0%) and stomach, the least common site.Malignant lesions were more common among the age group of 51-60 years (37.66%) with 70.13% above 50 years. Benign lesions were also found to be the most common above 50 years comprising 40.0 percent.Conclusion: Rectum & colon was found to be the most commonly involved site for both malignant and benign lesion. Malignancy is more prevalent among male and common above 50 years of age. However, malignant cases noted in the adult age group are a matter of great concern.

PP9 A systematic review and meta-analysis of pre-hospital diagnostic accuracy studies

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. e4.2-e4
Author(s):  
Caitlin Wilson ◽  
Clare Harley ◽  
Stephanie Steels
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Cochrane Database ◽  
Full Text Review ◽  
Hospital Doctors ◽  
Diagnostic Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

BackgroundPre-hospital clinicians are involved in examining, treating and diagnosing patients. The accuracy of pre-hospital diagnoses is evaluated using diagnostic accuracy studies. We undertook a systematic review of published literature to provide an overview of how accurately pre-hospital clinicians diagnose patients compared to hospital doctors. A bivariate meta-analysis was incorporated to examine the range of diagnostic sensitivity and specificity.MethodsWe searched MEDLINE, CINAHL, Embase, AMED and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews from 1946 to 7th May 2016 for studies where patients had been given a diagnosis by pre-hospital clinicians and hospital doctors. Key words focused on study type (‘diagnostic accuracy’), outcomes (sensitivity, specificity, likelihood ratio?, predictive value?) and setting (paramedic*, pre-hospital, ambulance, ‘emergency service?’, ‘emergency medical service?’, ‘emergency technician?’). The sole researcher screened titles and abstracts to ensure eligibility criteria were met, as well as assessing methodological quality using QUADAS-2.Results2941 references were screened by title and/or abstract. Eleven studies encompassing 3 84 985 patients were included after full-text review. The types of diagnoses in one of the studies encompassed all possible diagnoses and in the other studies focused on sepsis, stroke and myocardial infarction. Sensitivity estimates ranged from 32%–100% and specificity estimates from 14%–100%. Eight of the studies were deemed to have a low risk of bias and were incorporated into a meta-analysis, which showed a pooled sensitivity of 0.74 (0.62, 0.82) and a pooled specificity of 0.94 (0.87, 0.97).ConclusionsCurrent published research suggests that diagnoses made by pre-hospital clinicians have high sensitivity and even higher specificity. However, the paucity and varying quality of eligible studies indicates that further pre-hospital diagnostic accuracy studies are warranted especially in the field of non-life-threatening conditions and trauma.

The predictive value of videostroboscopy in the assessment of premalignant lesions and early glottis cancers

2017 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 14-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Rzepakowska ◽  
Ewelina Sielska-Badurek ◽  
Ewa Osuch-Wójcikiewicz ◽  
Michał Sobol ◽  
Kazimierz Niemczyk
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Value ◽  
Vocal Fold ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Vocal Folds ◽  
Invasive Cancer ◽  
Premalignant Lesions ◽  
Good Tool ◽  
Malignant Lesions ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Objective: To assess the sensitivity and specificity of larngovideostroboscopy (LVS) in the diagnosis of precancerous and malignant lesions of the vocal folds. Material and methods: In 175 patients (128 men and 47 women), aged 19-88 years, mean age 61.5, who were admitted to the clinic with diagnosed premalignant conditions of vocal fold mucosa (leukoplakia, chronic hypertrophic inflammatory lesions) and thickening or tumor on the vocal fold, there was performed LVS before the laryngeal microsurgery. The LVS study included: localization of the leasion, movement of the vocal folds, mucosal wave, shape of glottis clousure, amplitude and symmetry of vocal fold vibration. In the evaluation, a point scale was applied for the individual functional parameters. The scale ranged from 0 to 14. Patients with impaired vocal fold motion or absent mucosal wave were positive on LVS for malignant lesions. Those with limitted mucosal wave were positive on LVS for dysplastic lesions. The results were compared with the final histopathological examination and the sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive (PPV) and negative (NPV) predictive value were calculated. Results: On the basis of histopathological examination, benign lesions (normal or inflammatory mucosa) accounted for 20% of diagnoses, hypertrophy and parakeratosis for 28%, low and middle grade dysplasia accounted for 10% and malignant lesions (high-grade dysplasia, pre-invasive cancer, Invasive cancer) was diagnosed in 42% of patients. The overall mean score for LVS was 4.5 and 8.0, respectively for benign and malignant lesions. Sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, PPV and NPV of LVS in detecting malignant lesions were respectively - 95.6%, 23.8%, 61.1%, 57.6% and 83.3% and in detecting both premalignant and malignant lesions were respectively – 90.7%, 31.4%, 78.9%, 84.1% and 45.8%. Conclusions: Because of the high sensitivity of LVS in detecting precancerous and malignant lesions, this method is a very good tool for screening of pathology within the larynx.

Diagnostic Accuracy of Mammography and Contrast-Enhanced MR Imaging in 238 Histologically Verified Breast Lesions

1997 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 489-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Boné ◽  
Z. Péntek ◽  
L. Perbeck ◽  
B. Veress
Keyword(s):  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Breast Surgery ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Breast Lesions ◽  
Benign Lesions ◽  
Post Contrast ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Contrast Enhanced

Purpose: To determine the sensitivity and specificity of X-ray mammography and of MR imaging in 238 consecutively operated breasts, and to correlate the findings to histopathological diagnosis. Material and Methods: Over 15 months, 220 patients scheduled for breast surgery were examined consecutively, before surgery, by means of both mammography and MR imaging. of the 220 patients, 18 underwent bilateral breast surgery. The entire breast was examined by means of T1-weighted transversal images using a 3D fast low-angle shot (FLASH) sequence. One pre— and 2 post-contrast scans were performed. Each breast was examined by means of mammography and 3 views were applied as routine. All palpable and mammographically suspect lesions were examined on additional images as microfocus magnification or spot compression. The two methods were evaluated independently of each other. Results: In total, 145 malignant and 93 benign lesions were found at histopathological examination. The sensitivity of mammography was 89% and MR imaging 92%. The specificity was 72% in both methods. When the results of the 2 methods were combined, a sensitivity of 99% and a specificity of 55% was achieved. Conclusion: Mammography and MR imaging seemed to complement each other to produce a high sensitivity. Unfortunately it is impossible at present to supplement mammography with MR imaging in each patient as a routine owing to the current technical and financial limitations.

scholarly journals Diagnostic accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging in detection of intra-axial gliomas

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sohbia Munir ◽  
Sohail Ahmed Khan ◽  
Hina Hanif ◽  
Maria Khan
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Post Contrast ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in detection of intra-axial gliomas in suspected cases keeping histopathology as gold standard. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Dow Institute of Radiology, DUHS from October 2017 - April 2018. Patients of either gender aged 30-70 years presenting with headache were included. Patients already diagnosed and referred for follow up were excluded. MRI was performed on 1.5T scanner by a trained MRI technician. T1, T2, FLAIR, diffusion weighted and T1 post contrast images were acquired and reviewed by two radiologists having more than five years post fellowship experience. Sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and diagnostic accuracy of MRI for intraaxial gliomas was calculated taking histopathology findings as gold standard. Results: Mean age of the patient`s was 51.71 ±10.85 years. Positive intraaxial gliomas on MRI were observed in 123 (79.90%) patients while on histopathology, positive intraaxial gliomas were observed in 131 (85.10%) patients. Diagnostic accuracy of MRI in detection of intra-axial gliomas taking histopathology findings as gold standard showed sensitivity, specificity, positive predicted value (PPV), negative predicted value (NPV) and overall diagnostic accuracy as 89.31%, 73.91%, 95.12%, 54.84% and 87.01%. Conclusions: MRI has high sensitivity, moderate specificity and high diagnostic accuracy in detection of intraaxial gliomas. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.1.2489 How to cite this:Munir S, Khan SA, Hanif H, Khan M. Diagnostic accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging in detection of intra-axial gliomas. Pak J Med Sci. 2021;37(1):125-130. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.1.2489 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

scholarly journals Role of triple assessment modalities in diagnosis of palpable breast lump

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 3435
Author(s):  
Ashwinkumar S. Gadhvi ◽  
Udit I. Gadhvi ◽  
Dhaval A. Bhimani ◽  
Darshil K. Rajgor
Keyword(s):  
Benign Lesion ◽  
Malignant Lesion ◽  
Breast Disease ◽  
Breast Lump ◽  
Size Number ◽  
Life Saving ◽  
Triple Assessment ◽  
Palpable Breast ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Background: One fourth of women suffer from breast disease in their lifetime. Carcinoma of breast is the second most common cancer in the world. Timely and accurate diagnosis of breast lump with early intervention can be life saving. There are various modalities for the diagnosis of breast lump such as USG, FNAC and Mammography, MRI etc. but none of them is perfect. There are numerous reports suggesting that if the results of clinical assessment, mammography and FNAC are all combined, the diagnostic accuracy is nearly 100%. Furthermore, these techniques also provide information about tumor size, number, extent and grade preoperatively.Methods: Study was randomized, prospective, observational and longitudinal including 100 patients, selected according to inclusion criteria.Results: The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of triple test in present study were 98.68%, 87.5%, and 96% respectively. Out of 100, 76 patients were confirmed as having benign lesion and 24 patients having malignant lesion by histopathology examination.Conclusions: Results of triple assessment are same as the results by histopathology examination in majority of cases. It is highly accurate, can be used as a confirmatory diagnostic tool for breast lump, thus there is no need to perform diagnostic open biopsy for breast lump.

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