scholarly journals Op die spore van filosofiese onderwys op Potchefstroom honderd jaar gelede

2017 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Barend van der Walt
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Christian Higher Education ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
Philosophical Tradition ◽  
Reformed Theology ◽  
Human Soul ◽  
Philosophical Education ◽  
History Of

Abstract Tracing philosophical education at Potchefstroom a century ago It is to be regretted that the history of education in Philosophy at other universities, like the Free University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands (established in 1880) has been documented in several publications, while very little is known about who taught and what was taught in Philosophy during the early days of the later to be known Potchefstroom University for Christian Higher Education (established already in 1869). The introduction indicates that also about the teaching of this subject in general in South Africa not much has been documented. Nevertheless, from the start philosophy was regarded as an important part of the academic curriculum for the training of future ministers (and later also teachers) of the Reformed Churches in South Africa. From about the second decade of the twentieth century two types of Christian Philosophy emerged more clearly. Prof Ferdinand Postma (1879-1950) taught in the line of the logos philosophy of his Dutch mentor, Jan Woltjer (1849-1917), but no traces of this tradition were left after Postma. Prof Sietse Los (1871-1944) followed the Herman Bavinck line, the influence of which was still discernible in the philosophy of H.G. Stoker (1899-1993). This investigation focuses on the philosophical tradition represented by Los a century ago. This overview consists of the following four main parts. Firstly, it investigates the historical background of Reformed theology, especially as it was represented by A. Kuyper and H. Bavinck, the mentors of Los. This is, secondly, followed by some biographical notes on Los. The third, or main section, is devoted to an analysis of Los’s philosophical anthropology from seven of his books published in South Africa and the Netherlands between 1904 and 1944. His view of being human boils down to a Christian-biblicist reinterpretation of preceding Aristotelinising and Platonising ideas about the human being. He supported Aristotle’s and his subsequent followers’ views as embedded in the Christian tradition in their dichotomist view of soul and body as two separate substances. But he combined their anthropology with Plato’s and his Christian followers’ view that the human soul itself should be divided into three functions (a trichotomy) of intellect, will and emotion. The fourth section concludes with an evaluation of some weak as well as positive points in Los’s contribution to philosophical education at Potchefstroom during the early days of the previous century. Key words: Los, S. (1875-1944); Philosophy; Potchefstroom; Postma, F. (1879-1950); twentieth century (beginning) Sleutelwoorde: Filosofie; Los, S. (1875-1944); Potchefstroom; Postma, F. (1879-1950; twintigste eeu (begin)

scholarly journals Die Christelike filosofie van D.H.Th. Vollenhoven (1892–1978): Hoe dit ontstaan en verder ontwikkel het

2013 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Barend J. Van der Walt
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
Philosophical Tradition ◽  
Main Section ◽  
General Introduction ◽  
Christian Philosophy ◽  
The Third ◽  
Systematic Philosophy ◽  
Close Contacts

Hierdie artikel is die eerste in ’n reeks van drie wat handel oor die ontstaan van ’n reformatories-Christelike filosofie by D.H.Th. Vollenhoven (1892–1978), H. Dooyeweerd (1894–1977) van Nederland en H.G. Stoker (1899–1993) van Suid-Afrika. As algemene inleiding tot die trilogie word die vraag bespreek hoe hierdie filosofie vandag – 75 jaar na sy ontstaan – nog lewend en relevant kan wees. In hierdie eerste artikel, wat op die bydrae van Vollenhoven gefokus is, word die volgende behandel: (1) Ter inleiding word kortliks inligting oor sy persoonlikheid vermeld. (2) Aangesien veral kenteoretiese probleme in die brandpunt van belangstelling gestaan het ten tye van die geboorte van die reformatoriese filosofie aan die begin van die vorige eeu, volg ’n kort oorsig van hierdie wysgerige landskap. (3) Daarna word die moontlike invloede op Vollenhoven se denke van sowel buite (die sekulêre filosofiese milieu van sy tyd) as van binne(sy geesgenootlike tradisie) bespreek. (4) Die volgende hoofgedeelte vestig die aandag op Vollenhoven se pionierswerk vir sowel die die sistematiese filosofie as die filosofiese historiografie. (5) Dit word gevolg met ’n gedeelte oor hoedanig die nalatenskap van die driemanskap (Vollenhoven, Dooyeweerd en Stoker) deur daaropvolgende generasies ontvang is en hoe die reformatories-filosofiese tradisie verdeeld geraak het in die navolging van Vollenhoven, Dooyeweerd en Stoker. (6) Die verkenning word afgesluit met ’n aanduiding van die noue verbintenis tussen Vollenhoven (sy persoon asook sy filosofie) en Suid-Afrika en in die besonder Potchefstroom.The Christian philosophy of D.H.Th. Vollenhoven (1892–1978): How it originated and was developed. This article is the first in a series of three dealing with the emergence of a reformational-Christian philosophy in the work of D.H.Th. Vollenhoven (1892–1978), H. Dooyeweerd (1894–1977) of the Netherlands and H.G. Stoker (1899–1993) of South Africa. As a general introduction to the trilogy the question is how a tradition, the reformational philosophical tradition in particular, can today – 75 years after its inception – be kept alive and relevant. In this first article, focusing on Vollenhoven’s contribution, the following are dealt with: (1) As introduction, something briefly is said about his personality. (2) Since especially epistemological issues were key problems at the cradle of his reformational philosophy during the first part of the previous century, a brief historical background (up to the present postmodern situation) is provided. (3) The third main section investigates the possible influences on Vollenhoven’s thinking, firstly from outside(the philosophical environment of his times) and, secondly, from inside(preceding congenial thinkers). (4) Next, attention is asked for Vollenhoven’s pioneering contribution to both systematic philosophy as well as the historiography of philosophy. (5) The following part deals with how the work of the triumvirate (Vollenhoven, Dooyeweerd and Stoker) was received by next generations and how the reformational philosophical tradition became divided into followers of Vollenhoven, Dooyeweerd and Stoker. (6) The reconnaissance is concluded with an indication of the close contacts between Vollenhoven as person as well as his philosophy and South Africa, especially Potchefstroom.

Reformed Theology in Modern Europe (Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries)

2020 ◽  
pp. 133-153
Author(s):  
James Eglinton
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Reformed Theology ◽  
Classical Liberal ◽  
The Enlightenment ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Nineteenth And Twentieth Centuries ◽  
Modern Europe ◽  
Twentieth Century Europe

The history of nineteenth- and twentieth-century Europe is one of upheaval. How did modern European Reformed theologians and theologies fare as the social, political, cultural, and intellectual ground upon which they stood was shifting? This chapter explores developments in Reformed theology in Scotland, Germany, the Netherlands, Switzerland, France, and Hungary. It argues that the nineteenth century saw Reformed theology coming to terms with the Enlightenment—conforming to it, in the case of classical liberal theology, and challenging it, in the case of the Réveil. In the twentieth century, the two most historically important attempts to reimagine the Reformed faith in a culturally modern Europe were neo-Calvinism (Bavinck and Kuyper) and neo-Orthodoxy (Barth). The story of twentieth-century European Reformed theology, for the most part, was the story of Reformed theologians reorienting themselves in relation to Basel and Amsterdam, as the ground moved beneath their feet.

Conclusions

2020 ◽  
pp. 240-258
Author(s):  
Mary E. Sommar
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Church History ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
General Reader ◽  
History Of ◽  
Specialist Knowledge ◽  
Church Law ◽  
The Church ◽  
Historical Periods ◽  
Insight Into

This is the story of how the church sought to establish norms for slave ownership on the part of ecclesiastical institutions and personnel and for others’ behavior toward such slaves. Chronicles, letters, and other documents from each of the various historical periods, along with an analysis of the various policies and statutes, provide insight into the situations of these unfree ecclesiastical dependents. Although this book is a serious scholarly monograph about the history of church law, it has been written in such a way that no specialist knowledge is required of the reader, whether a scholar in another field or a general reader interested in church history or the history of slavery. Historical background is provided, and there is a short Latin lexicon. This chapter summarizes the conclusions drawn in earlier chapters and provides a brief overview of the question of ecclesiastical servitude up to the twentieth century.

scholarly journals Die resepsie van die Heidelbergse Kategismus (Sondag 17 en 22) insake die opstanding in die Nederduitse Gereformeerde Kerk sedert 2000 (Deel 2)

2013 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Johannes W. Hofmeyr
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Liberal Theology ◽  
Reformed Church ◽  
Nederduitse Gereformeerde Kerk ◽  
Jesus Seminar ◽  
Downward Spiral ◽  
History Of ◽  
Current Article

Met die 450e herdenking van die Heidelbergse Kategismus as vertrekpunt, word met die huidige en die vorige artikel gepoog om lig te werp op die plek, die rol en die interpretasie van die opstanding van Jesus Christus in veral Sondag 17 en 22, spesifiek in die konteks van twee besondere eras in die Nederduitse Gereformeerde (NG) Kerk. In die vorige artikel is allereers ’n bespreking gevoer oor die Heidelbergse Kategismus (HK). Daar is gekyk na die resepsie van die betrokke HK-geloofsartikels in die era van Andrew Murray, spesifiek teen die agtergrond van die negentiende-eeuse liberale teologie in Nederland. In die huidige artikel word soortgelyk gekyk na die resepsie van die betrokke HK-geloofsartikels in die NG Kerk na 2000, teen die agtergrond van die herverskyning van die negentiende-eeuse liberale teologie in die vorm van die Jesus Seminaar, die Nuwe Hervorming en ondersteuners daarvan binne die NG Kerk. Sowel die negentiende-eeuse liberale stryd in die NG Kerk asook die stryd oor die opstanding in die NG Kerk van die eerste dekade van die een-en-twintigste eeu, soos verder in hierdie artikel sal blyk, was gekenmerk deur kontekstueelbepaalde uniekhede. Die gemene deler was dat albei deel was van tye van teologiese vrysinnigheid. In die lig van hierdie bespreking word tot die gevolgtrekking gekom dat die NG Kerk tans, betreffende haar identiteit as gereformeerde kerk waarskynlik in ’n kritieke geloofs- en toekomskrisis verkeer. Dit impliseer kommerwekkende gevolge vir haar Skrifverstaan en getuienis as belydenis en belydende kerk van Jesus Christus en haar toekoms. Alleen duidelike visie, verantwoordelike leierskap en ’n herontdekking van die verlossingskrag van Christus se kruis en opstanding sal herstellende, positiewe en dinamiese oplossings kan bied om sodoende die NG Kerk te red van ’n snelwentelende afwaartse spiraal.With the 450th celebrations of the origin of the Heidelberg Catechism (HC) in mind, the main aim of this and the previous article is to focus on the place, role and interpretation of the doctrine of the resurrection in HC (Sunday 17 and 22), within two very specific and critical eras in the history of the Dutch Reformed Church (DRC) in South Africa. The first article focused on the reception of the HC in the time of Andrew Murray during the nineteenth century, and specifically against the background of the then liberal theology in both the Netherlands and South Africa. In this current article I look at the reception of the same HC articles (Sunday 17 and 22) in the DRC after 2000, against the background of the reappearance of the nineteenth century liberal theology in the Netherlands, and specifically with reference to the Jesus Seminar, the New Reformation and those sympathetic to the latter in the DRC. Both these nineteenth- and twenty-first-century developments had their own unique contexts but what they had in common were a specific theological liberal mindset. In view of this discussion it is concluded that the DRC as a reformed church is not only caught up in an identity crisis, but even in a survival crisis of no small proportions. This also has serious implications for its use of Scripture and its confessional character. Only strong vision, able leadership and a rediscovery of the redeeming power of the cross and resurrection of Christ will be able to provide a remedial, positive, and dynamic solution, saving the DRC from an ever downward spiral.

People of Adam: Divine Healing and Racial Cosmopolitanism in the Early Twentieth-Century Transvaal, South Africa

2015 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 557-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel Cabrita
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Faith Healing ◽  
Divine Healing ◽  
South Africans ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
History Of ◽  
Biological Race ◽  
Healing Group

AbstractThis article analyses the intersection between cosmopolitanism and racist ideologies in the faith healing practices of the Christian Catholic Apostolic Church in Zion. Originally from Illinois, USA, this organization was the period's most influential divine healing group. Black and white members, under the leadership of the charismatic John Alexander Dowie, eschewed medical assistance and proclaimed God's power to heal physical affliction. In affirming the deity's capacity to remake human bodies, church members also insisted that God could refashion biological race into a capacious spiritual ethnicity: a global human race they referred to as the “Adamic” race. Zionist universalist teachings were adopted by dispossessed and newly urbanized Boer ex-farmers in Johannesburg, Transvaal, before spreading to the soldiers of the British regiments recently arrived to fight the Boer states in the war of 1899–1902. Zionism equipped these estranged white “races” with a vocabulary to articulate political reconciliation and a precarious unity. But divine healing was most enthusiastically received among the Transvaal's rural Africans. Amidst the period's hardening segregation, Africans seized upon divine healing's innovative racial teachings, but both Boers and Africans found disappointment amid Zion's cosmopolitan promises. Boers were marginalized within the new racial regimes of the Edwardian empire in South Africa, and white South Africans had always been ambivalent about divine healing's incorporations of black Africans into a unitary race. This early history of Zionism in the Transvaal reveals the constriction of cosmopolitan aspirations amidst fast-narrowing horizons of race, nation, and empire in early twentieth-century South Africa.

Girls’ Six-Player Basketball

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaime Schultz ◽  
Shelley Lucas
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Community Identity ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
The Past ◽  
High School Girls ◽  
History Of ◽  
Physical Limitations ◽  
School Girls

This chapter focuses on a defunct version of high school girls' basketball known as “six-on-six” and how it expressed community identity in Iowa. Throughout the twentieth century, more than a million Iowa high school girls played the half-court, two-dribble version of basketball known as “six-on-six.” Originally conceived to accommodate girls and women's perceived physical limitations, six-on-six basketball often lent itself to fast-paced, high-scoring, crowd-rallying competitions. This chapter first provides a historical background on six-player basketball in Iowa before discussing how girls' six-on-six basketball has been relegated to the past, yet lives on in many places and memories, thanks in part to new technologies and understandings of community. It argues that the history of Iowa's six-player basketball is alive and thriving in alternative forms, citing the emergence of new, transitory communities to sustain its remembrance. The chapter considers two sites: a 2003 reunion game that gathered former players and supporters, and a Facebook page which fosters a virtual kinship of more than 7,000 members.

“Imperfect Discretion”: Interventions into the History of Philosophy by Twentieth-Century French Women Philosophers

Hypatia ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-180
Author(s):  
Penelope Deutscher
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Feminist Issue ◽  
History Of Philosophy ◽  
Philosophical Tradition ◽  
History Of ◽  
Women Philosophers

How might we locate originality as emerging from within the “discrete” work of commentary? Because many women have engaged with philosophy informs (including commentary) that preclude their work from being seen as properly “original,” this question is a feminist issue. Via the work of selected contemporary French women philosophers, the author shows how commentary can reconfigure the philosophical tradition in innovative ways, as well as in ways that change what counts as philosophical innovation.

Conclusion

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alys Moody
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Literary History ◽  
Postcolonial Literature ◽  
The Political ◽  
Literary Field ◽  
The Us ◽  
History Of ◽  
Late Twentieth ◽  
Late Twentieth Century

This book has traced a history of modernism’s decline and of its doubters. In post-Vichy France, the US circa 1968, and late apartheid South Africa, modernism’s fate was precarious, its reputation tarnished, and its politics reviled. The inescapability of the political in these contexts compromised the structural conditions of the autonomous literary field on which modernism had been built. In turn, it threw into crisis the philosophical defense of autonomy and the literary legacies of modernism, which grew out of and were guaranteed by this autonomous literary field. The stories we tell about late twentieth-century literary history reflect this dilemma. According to received wisdom, the period between 1945 and 1990 saw postmodernism replace modernism in both literature and scholarship, and new waves of postcolonial literature and theory discredited the Eurocentric specter of modernism. ...

Women and Popular Politics in Twentieth-Century South Africa

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meghan Healy-Clancy
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Democratic Transition ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
State Building ◽  
The State ◽  
Popular Politics ◽  
Grassroots Activism ◽  
History Of

This chapter examines the history and historiography of women’s engagement in popular politics in twentieth-century South Africa. Over the first half of the century, women’s combination of marginality from male-dominated politics and centrality to social life made them critical to a range of grassroots movements. Feminist scholars have demonstrated how contending visions of nationalism aimed at transforming the state not only through moments of protest, but also by everyday transformations of social institutions. Women became central to both apartheid state-building and antiapartheid politics, often by organizing in ways that shared much with older forms of organization: most strikingly, they continued to mobilize as mothers. While women’s grassroots activism enabled the survival of the antiapartheid movement, an entrenched history of male leadership worked to women’s disadvantage in the democratic transition.

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