ASSESSMENT OF POTATO GENOTYPE REACTIONS FROM THE COLLECTION OF THE INSTITUTE OF AGROBIOTECHNOLOGIES FITS KOMI SC UB RAS FOR THE PURPOSE OF CREATION NEW HIGH-PRODUCTIVE VARIETIES, ADAPTED TO THE CONDITIONS OF THE HARD NORTH

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. G. Zainullin ◽  
◽  
A. A. Kushch ◽  
E. V. Prokusheva
Keyword(s):  
Potato Genotype

scholarly journals Impact of gamma irradiation pretreatment on biochemical and molecular responses of potato growing under salt stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elhamahmy Ali Mohamed ◽  
Elsadany Osama ◽  
Eid Manal ◽  
Abdelazeem Samah ◽  
Gerish Salah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Genetic Marker ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Salt Resistance ◽  
Base Pairs ◽  
Potato Genotype ◽  
Potato Callus ◽  
Primer Sequence ◽  
Significant Increment

Abstract Background Previous literatures revealed that gamma rays have an increasing effect on salt tolerance in different plants. In vitro experiment was conducted to study the effect of gamma rays (20 Gray) on salt tolerance of four potato cultivars (Lady Rosetta, Diamante, Gold, and Santana). Results Gamma-treated Santana plantlets were more tolerant to salinity as compared to other cultivars. It showed a significant increment of fresh weight (250% over the untreated). Gamma-treated plantlets of Lady Rosetta, Diamante, and Gold showed higher activity of peroxidase (POD) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO). Isoenzymes analysis showed an absence of POD 3, 4, and 5 in Gold plantlets. The dye of most PODs and PPOs bands were denser (more active) in gamma-treated plantlets of Santana as compared to other cultivars. Both gamma-treated and untreated plantlets showed the absence of PPO1 in Lady Rosetta and Diamante, and PPO 3, 4, and 5 in Gold plantlets. Genetic marker analysis using ISSR with six different primers showed obvious unique negative and positive bands with different base pairs in mutant plantlets as compared to the control, according to primer sequence and potato genotype. The 14A primer was an efficient genetic marker between mutated and unmutated potato genotypes. Santana had a unique fingerprint in the 1430-pb site, which can be a selectable marker for the cultivar. An increment in genetic distance between Gold cultivar and others proved that the mutation was induced because of gamma rays. Conclusion We assume that irradiation of potato callus by 20-Gy gamma rays is an effective process for inducing salt resistance. However, this finding should be verified under field conditions. Graphic Abstract

scholarly journals Potential of Use of Potato Genotypes by the Industry

2020 ◽  
pp. 28-34
Author(s):  
Ariana Mota Pereira ◽  
Maria Eduarda da Silva Guimarães ◽  
Mateus de Paula Gomes ◽  
Renata Ranielly Pedroza Cruz ◽  
Antonia Gorete da Silva Galdino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Storage Time ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Potato Processing ◽  
Processing Industry ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Production Area ◽  
Potato Genotype ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Best Parameters

Aims: Evaluate four potato genotypes in terms of sprouting and coloring depending on the storage time at 8 °C and their potential for use by the potato processing industry.Study Design: The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design, in a split-plot scheme with five replications, each replication consisting of two tubers.Place and Duration of Study: Tubers were obtained from the production area of Perdizes, Minas Gerais, Brazil (Latitude 19º 21’ 10’’ N and Longitude 47º 17’ 34’’ E and 1000 m).Methodology: The genotypes Alibaba, Arsenal, Antartica and Babylon were stored at 8° C for up to 180 days, with the analysis of sprouting, visual coloration before and after frying, parameters L*, b* and c*. Results: All potato genotypes were light colored before frying, category 1 (USDA). Babylon obtained the best parameters of b * and c *. Antartica and Babylon potato genotype showed low sprouting.Conclusion: The Arsenal and Antartica potato genotype have potential for use by the processing industry due to the color of the sticks before and after frying and low sprouting.The Alibaba potato genotype was darkly colored after frying. Babylon was the potato genotype with the best color of the sticks after frying and less germination.

scholarly journals Transcriptome analysis reveals that exogenous ethylene activates immune and defense responses in a high late blight resistant potato genotype

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaohui Yang ◽  
Li Chen ◽  
Yu Yang ◽  
Xiao Guo ◽  
Guangxia Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Late Blight ◽  
Gene Expression Profiling ◽  
Expression Profiling ◽  
Defense Responses ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Metabolic Pathway Analysis ◽  
Transcriptional Responses ◽  
Signaling Transduction Pathway ◽  
Potato Genotype

AbstractEthylene (ET) is one of the many important signaling hormones that functions in regulating defense responses in plants. Gene expression profiling was conducted under exogenous ET application in the high late blight resistant potato genotype SD20 and the specific transcriptional responses to exogenous ET in SD20 were revealed. Analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) generated a total of 1226 ET-specific DEGs, among which transcription factors, kinases, defense enzymes and disease resistance-related genes were significantly differentially expressed. GO enrichment and KEGG metabolic pathway analysis also revealed that numerous defense regulation-related genes and defense pathways were significantly enriched. These results were consistent with the interaction of SD20 and Phytophthora infestans in our previous study, indicating that exogenous ET stimulated the defense response and initiated a similar defense pathway compared to pathogen infection in SD20. Moreover, multiple signaling pathways including ET, salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, abscisic acid, auxin, cytokinin and gibberellin were involved in the response to exogenous ET, which indicates that many plant hormones work together to form a complex network to resist external stimuli in SD20. ET-induced gene expression profiling provides insights into the ET signaling transduction pathway and its potential mechanisms in disease defense systems in potato.

scholarly journals Gene Profiling in Late Blight Resistance in Potato Genotype SD20

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 1728 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaohui Yang ◽  
Xiao Guo ◽  
Yu Yang ◽  
Pei Ye ◽  
Xingyao Xiong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Late Blight ◽  
Late Blight Resistance ◽  
Gene Profiling ◽  
Blight Resistance ◽  
Potato Genotype

scholarly journals Transcriptome Profiling Reveals Effects of Drought Stress on Gene Expression in Diploid Potato Genotype P3-198

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 852 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaohui Yang ◽  
Jie Liu ◽  
Jianfei Xu ◽  
Shaoguang Duan ◽  
Qianru Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Drought Resistance ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Protein Kinase Activity ◽  
Diploid Potato ◽  
Potato Genotype

Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is one of the three most important food crops worldwide; however, it is strongly affected by drought stress. The precise molecular mechanisms of drought stress response in potato are not very well understood. The diploid potato genotype P3-198 has been verified to be highly resistant to drought stress. Here, a time-course experiment was performed to identify drought resistance response genes in P3-198 under polyethylene glycol (PEG)-induced stress using RNA-sequencing. A total of 1665 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were specifically identified, and based on gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis, the transcription factor activity, protein kinase activity, and the plant hormone signal transduction process were significantly enriched. Annotation revealed that these DEGs mainly encode transcription factors, protein kinases, and proteins related to redox regulation, carbohydrate metabolism, and osmotic adjustment. In particular, genes encoding abscisic acid (ABA)-dependent signaling molecules were significantly differentially expressed, which revealed the important roles of the ABA-dependent signaling pathway in the early response of P3-198 to drought stress. Quantitative real-time PCR experimental verification confirmed the differential expression of genes in the drought resistance signaling pathway. Our results provide valuable information for understanding potato drought-resistance mechanisms, and also enrich the gene resources available for drought-resistant potato breeding.

Potato genotype differences in nutritionally distinct starch fractions after cooking, and cooking plus storing cool

2009 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 539-545 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Monro ◽  
Suman Mishra ◽  
Esther Blandford ◽  
John Anderson ◽  
Russel Genet
Keyword(s):  
Potato Genotype

Genetics and phenotypic characterisation of the hypersensitive resistance of Solanum sparsipilum to Meloidogyne incognita

Nematology ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abou Bakari Kouassi ◽  
Jean-Paul Dantec ◽  
Claudia Rouaux ◽  
Marie-Claire Kerlan ◽  
Miroslaw Sobczak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Bimodal Distribution ◽  
Hypersensitive Reaction ◽  
Hypersensitive Resistance ◽  
Phenotypic Characterisation ◽  
Potato Genotype ◽  
Solanum Sparsipilum ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Incompatibility Locus

AbstractThe hypersensitive resistance of the genotype '385.484.13' of Solanum sparsipilum to Meloidogyne incognita, one of the southern root-knot nematodes and their Mi virulent populations was analysed. Genetic control of the hypersensitive reaction was assessed based on segregation of the necrotic reaction in infected roots of diploid F1 plants obtained from the cross of the genotype '385.484.13' with the dihaploid susceptible potato genotype 'Keltia H12'. Two distinct tests showed a distorted segregation compared to the hypothetical ratio expected for a monogenic control. We hypothesised that the resistance is based on one dominant gene designated Mh and linked to the self incompatibility locus-S. Hypersensitive plants prevented juveniles from feeding, developing and reproducing. Ninety percent of invading juveniles remained undeveloped 6 weeks after inoculation. Almost all the adults were males and only very rarely were females observed. Inhibition of the development of juveniles into females showed a bimodal distribution of the genotypes: hypersensitive ones allowed almost no development of females whilst all the juveniles became females in non-hypersensitive plants. That result supports the hypothesis of a monogenic control of the resistance. The resistance was broken when plants were grown at 30°C. The histology of the hypersensitive reaction was very similar to that of the Mi gene of tomato and of some Me genes of pepper. Necrotic cells were localised not only around the head of the juveniles but also surrounding their bodies. In addition, healthy cells adjacent to necrotised ones underwent divisions parallel to the juveniles. Intercellular spaces between these cells and necrotised ones enlarged markedly, which is consistent with a process leading to isolation of the necrotic area from healthy tissue.

scholarly journals Histopathological Changes and Enzymatic Activities Induced by Meloidogyne incognita on Resistant and Susceptible Potato

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-72
Author(s):  
Mahfouz M. M. Abd-Elgawad ◽  
Marie-Claire Kerlan ◽  
Sergio Molinari ◽  
Farid Abd-El-Kareem ◽  
Sanaa S. A. Kabeil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Tissue ◽  
Nematode Resistance ◽  
Chitinase Activity ◽  
Histopathological Changes ◽  
Fresh Market ◽  
Meloidogyne Spp ◽  
Potato Genotype ◽  
Xylem Elements ◽  
Necrotic Spots ◽  
Nematode Development

All potato cultivars are susceptible to root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) which infest the roots and induce galls on the surface and necrotic spots in the flesh tuber of potato, Solanum tuberosum. Infested tubers are unacceptable for processing and fresh market. Tubers are also putative source of dissemination of the nematode. A French nematode- resistant tetraploid potato genotype gained from ex-S. sparsipilum material hybridized with S. tuberosum in F1 and in their back cross progenies and designated as 02T.155.6 was tested and compared in the present study in Egypt as a suitable different environment. Histopathological changes and chitinase activity induced by M. incognita population, of common occurrence in Egypt, in four French tetraploid materials and two common cultivars known as nematode- resistant and susceptible potato genotypes were investigated. Hypertrophied cells were initiated in both cortical and steler regions of the roots which were then developed to abnormal xylem elements expanding into the cortex in French susceptible genotypes designated as 02T.149.6, 02T.150.54, and 02T.157.16. Nematode within the vascular tissue (stele) could induce giant cell development close to nematode heads. The largest number of such induced cells was shown by the cultivars Spunta and Diamant. The clone 02T.155.6 with putative nematode resistance demonstrated none or very little nematode development. Recently dead second stage juveniles could also indicate incompatible plant reaction to the invading nematodes in 02T.155.6. M. incognita, Giza population, resistance was generally more coherent to 02T.155.6 as demonstrated by our histological investigations but less coherent as shown by another Egyptian M. incognita population. Chitinase activity was enhanced in M. incognita (Giza)-inoculated with respect to uninoculated roots in all plants. After inoculation, such an activity generally increased more in roots of a potato genotype previously known to have resistance or relatively low numbers of both nematode galls and eggmasses than in the other tested cultivars. Peroxidase and catalase activities of nematode- inoculated with respect to uninoculated potato roots were presented and discussed.

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