scholarly journals ROLE OF TRACE ELEMENTS DURING PREGNANCY

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-31
Author(s):  
E.A. Muzyko ◽  
◽  
L.I. Laschenova ◽  
G.A. Tkacheva ◽  
V.N. Perfilova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Trace Elements ◽  
Pregnant Woman ◽  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Deficiency Anemia

Trace elements take part in the implementation of the most important metabolic processes of the body. Violation of trace element homeostasis during pregnancy leads to the formation of various pathologies. Deficiency of zinc, manganese, selenium and cobalt, high or low copper content in the blood of a pregnant woman increases the risk of developing preeclampsia, anemia and miscarriages. А low boron content is observed with gestational diabetes mellitus and chronic arterial hypertension in pregnant women. Cobalt deficiency is associated with an increased risk of premature birth, the development of iron deficiency anemia, and arterial hypertension during gestation. A sufficient amount of molybdenum is necessary for the onset of pregnancy, its lack leads to a change in carbohydrate metabolism, the formation of xanthine stones, the occurrence of nausea, anemia and caries in pregnant women. Nickel deficiency leads to the development of iron deficiency anemia and impairment of reproductive function, and its excess can contribute to the formation of gestational diabetes mellitus. The addition of trivalent chromium to the diet of women with polycystic ovary syndrome increases the likelihood of pregnancy, and an excess of its hexavalent form positively correlates with the risk of developing preeclampsia and premature rupture of membranes. The increased consumption of Ni, Cr6+ and F has an adverse effect on the health of the pregnant woman. To fully understand the role of trace elements in ensuring maternal health and the proper development of the fetus, further studies of their concentrations and control values in amniotic fluid, maternal serum and umbilical cord blood during pregnancy are needed to determine the optimal level of supplementation and to quickly diagnose maternal and embryonic mineral metabolic disorders.

scholarly journals Expression of Dual-Specificity Phosphatase 9 in Placenta and Its Relationship with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Qiang Wei ◽  
Xiaomin Pu ◽  
Li Zhang ◽  
Yi Xu ◽  
Meifan Duan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Gestational Week

Introduction. The aim of the present study was to examine placental levels of DUSP9 mRNA and protein and to investigate the potential role of DUSP9 in the development of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods. Placental tissues from pregnant women with GDM (n=17) and normal healthy pregnant women (n=16) were collected at delivery. The expression of DUSP9 mRNA in placental tissue was analyzed by real-time PCR, while the expression of DUPS9 protein was evaluated by immunohistochemistry and western blot. Differences in the expression levels of DUSP9 mRNA and protein between the two groups were assessed, as well as potential correlations between DUSP9 mRNA expression levels and relevant clinical indicators. Results. Blood glucose levels were significantly higher in the GDM group than in the control group, based on an oral glucose tolerance test. DUSP9 protein was expressed in the placental cytotrophoblasts in both groups, and placental levels of DUSP9 protein and mRNA were significantly higher in women with GDM. Placental DUSP9 mRNA levels in all 33 women correlated moderately with delivery gestational week (R=0.465, P=0.006), fasting plasma glucose (R=0.350, P=0.046), 1-hour postload plasma glucose (R=0.363, P = 0.038), and 2-hour postload plasma glucose (R=0.366, P=0.036), but not with maternal age, preconception body mass index, prenatal body mass index, or neonatal birth weight. Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that delivery gestational week was an influence factor of DUSP9 mRNA levels (β1=0.026, P<0.05). Conclusions. DUSP9 upregulation in the placenta of GDM pregnant women may promote insulin resistance, which may correlate with the occurrence of GDM. But there is still possibility that DUSP9 upregulation was the results of insulin resistance and/or hyperglycemia. Further research is needed to explore the role of DUSP9 in GDM.

Activated Translation Signaling in Placenta from Pregnant Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: Possible Role of Leptin

2013 ◽  
Vol 45 (06) ◽  
pp. 436-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Pérez-Pérez ◽  
J. Maymó ◽  
Y. Gambino ◽  
P. Guadix ◽  
J. Dueñas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Pregnant Women

scholarly journals Novel Biomolecules in the Pathogenesis of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (21) ◽  
pp. 11578
Author(s):  
Monika Ruszała ◽  
Magdalena Niebrzydowska ◽  
Aleksandra Pilszyk ◽  
Żaneta Kimber-Trojnar ◽  
Marcin Trojnar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 ◽  
Lipocalin 2 ◽  
Fatty Acid Binding ◽  
Clear Cut

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is one of the most common metabolic diseases in pregnant women. Its early diagnosis seems to have a significant impact on the developing fetus, the course of delivery, and the neonatal period. It may also affect the later stages of child development and subsequent complications in the mother. Therefore, the crux of the matter is to find a biopredictor capable of singling out women at risk of developing GDM as early as the very start of pregnancy. Apart from the well-known molecules with a proven and clear-cut role in the pathogenesis of GDM, e.g., adiponectin and leptin, a potential role of newer biomolecules is also emphasized. Less popular and less known factors with different mechanisms of action include: galectins, growth differentiation factor-15, chemerin, omentin-1, osteocalcin, resistin, visfatin, vaspin, irisin, apelin, fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4), fibroblast growth factor 21, and lipocalin-2. The aim of this review is to present the potential and significance of these 13 less known biomolecules in the pathogenesis of GDM. It seems that high levels of FABP4, low levels of irisin, and high levels of under-carboxylated osteocalcin in the serum of pregnant women can be used as predictive markers in the diagnosis of GDM. Hopefully, future clinical trials will be able to determine which biomolecules have the most potential to predict GDM.

scholarly journals The role of obesity and overweight as a factor of gestational diabetes mellitus: a systematic review

2015 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 87-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roman Victorovich Kapustin ◽  
Ol’ga Nikolaevna Arzhanova ◽  
Olesya Nikolaevna Bespalova ◽  
Vladimir Stepanovich Pakin ◽  
Andrey Gennadievich Kiselev
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Excess Weight

Objective: on the basis of a systematic review, clarify the role of overweight and obesity as a predictor of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Materials and methods: an analysis of the literature data of the leading bibliographic sources - MEDLINE, Cochrane col., EMBASE. To evaluate the body mass index and standards of weight gain during pregnancy used the WHO guidelines and criteria of the Institute of Medicine (2009). The frequency and the odds ratio (OR) of developing GDM was estimated separately for each of the three groups in BMI. Results: A systematic review included 23 different design studies involving 740 510 women. It was found that the odds ratio of the risk of GDM in a group of pregnant women with excess weight is doubled - 2.22 (95 % CI 1.72 - 3.64), and almost four in obesity - 3.88 (95 % CI 2.97 - 5.32). The incidence of GDM in a group of pregnant women with normal body mass index - 3.77 % in the group with excess body weight - 6.59 %, in the group with obesity - 9.88 %. Conclusions: The obtained strong evidence of a direct connection between the linear increase in maternal BMI and the risk of developing gestational diabetes. Pregnant women with excess weight and obesity are at high risk for carbohydrate disorders during pregnancy.

scholarly journals GESTATIONAL DIABETES MELLITUS

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-67
Author(s):  
N. G Blokhin ◽  
D. M Shevchenko
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Modern Methods

In the modern world, gestational diabetes mellitus (HDM) is a common disorder of carbohydrate metabolism in pregnant women, that indicates to the undoubted relevance of this problem in women of the reproductive age. High values of glucose concentration adversely affect not only the pregnant’s body, but also the fetus, that confirms the importance of timely diagnosis of GDM. In the article there was executed analysis both of modern literature data, testifying the role of this pathology in the occurrence of complications during pregnancy, and modern methods of diagnostics and treatment.

scholarly journals Use of Prophylactic Iron Salts Supplementation During Gestation and Development of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Women From 2015 Pelotas (Brazil) Birth Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa Iribarrem Avena Miranda ◽  
Tatiane da Silva Dal Pizzol ◽  
Marysabel Pinto Telis Silveira ◽  
Sotero Serrate Mengue ◽  
Mariângela Freitas Silveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Iron Supplementation ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Iron Salts ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Background This study aims to evaluate the association between the use of iron salts during the first two trimesters in non-anemic women and the development of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods The study used maternal data from 2015 Pelotas Birth Cohort. All non-anemic women at 24th week (N = 2463) were eligible for this study. GDM was self-reported by women. Crude and adjusted logistic regression were performed considering level of significance = 0.05. Results Among the women studied, 69.7% were exposed to prophylactic iron supplementation in the two first trimesters of gestation. The prevalence of GDM among those exposed was 8.7% (95%CI 7.4–10.1) and among those who were not exposed was 9.3% (CI95% 7.4–11.6). Iron supplementation was not associated with increased risk of GDM in crude (OR = 0.9; 95%CI 0,7–1,3) and adjusted analysis (OR = 1.1; 95% CI 0,8–1,6). Conclusions The results suggested that routine iron use in non-anemic pregnant women does not increase the risk of developing gestational diabetes. This evidence supports the existing national and international guidelines, whose recommendation is prophylactic iron supplementation for all pregnant women as soon as they initiate antenatal care in order to prevent iron deficiency anemia.

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