scholarly journals GESTATIONAL DIABETES MELLITUS

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-67
Author(s):  
N. G Blokhin ◽  
D. M Shevchenko
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Modern Methods

In the modern world, gestational diabetes mellitus (HDM) is a common disorder of carbohydrate metabolism in pregnant women, that indicates to the undoubted relevance of this problem in women of the reproductive age. High values of glucose concentration adversely affect not only the pregnant’s body, but also the fetus, that confirms the importance of timely diagnosis of GDM. In the article there was executed analysis both of modern literature data, testifying the role of this pathology in the occurrence of complications during pregnancy, and modern methods of diagnostics and treatment.

scholarly journals Expression of Dual-Specificity Phosphatase 9 in Placenta and Its Relationship with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Qiang Wei ◽  
Xiaomin Pu ◽  
Li Zhang ◽  
Yi Xu ◽  
Meifan Duan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Gestational Week

Introduction. The aim of the present study was to examine placental levels of DUSP9 mRNA and protein and to investigate the potential role of DUSP9 in the development of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods. Placental tissues from pregnant women with GDM (n=17) and normal healthy pregnant women (n=16) were collected at delivery. The expression of DUSP9 mRNA in placental tissue was analyzed by real-time PCR, while the expression of DUPS9 protein was evaluated by immunohistochemistry and western blot. Differences in the expression levels of DUSP9 mRNA and protein between the two groups were assessed, as well as potential correlations between DUSP9 mRNA expression levels and relevant clinical indicators. Results. Blood glucose levels were significantly higher in the GDM group than in the control group, based on an oral glucose tolerance test. DUSP9 protein was expressed in the placental cytotrophoblasts in both groups, and placental levels of DUSP9 protein and mRNA were significantly higher in women with GDM. Placental DUSP9 mRNA levels in all 33 women correlated moderately with delivery gestational week (R=0.465, P=0.006), fasting plasma glucose (R=0.350, P=0.046), 1-hour postload plasma glucose (R=0.363, P = 0.038), and 2-hour postload plasma glucose (R=0.366, P=0.036), but not with maternal age, preconception body mass index, prenatal body mass index, or neonatal birth weight. Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that delivery gestational week was an influence factor of DUSP9 mRNA levels (β1=0.026, P<0.05). Conclusions. DUSP9 upregulation in the placenta of GDM pregnant women may promote insulin resistance, which may correlate with the occurrence of GDM. But there is still possibility that DUSP9 upregulation was the results of insulin resistance and/or hyperglycemia. Further research is needed to explore the role of DUSP9 in GDM.

Activated Translation Signaling in Placenta from Pregnant Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: Possible Role of Leptin

2013 ◽  
Vol 45 (06) ◽  
pp. 436-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Pérez-Pérez ◽  
J. Maymó ◽  
Y. Gambino ◽  
P. Guadix ◽  
J. Dueñas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Pregnant Women

Inverse relation between fruit and vegetable intake and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus

2019 ◽  
Vol 89 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 37-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parvin Mirmiran ◽  
Somayeh Hosseinpour-Niazi ◽  
Lida Moghaddam-Banaem ◽  
Minoor Lamyian ◽  
Azita Goshtasebi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable

Abstract. Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the association of intakes of fruit, vegetable and dairy with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods: This prospective study was conducted over a 17 month period, on a random sample of pregnant women (n = 1026), aged 18–45 y, in their first half of pregnancy, attending prenatal clinics in five hospitals’ affiliated to universities of medical sciences in different districts of Tehran, Iran. Dietary intakes were assessed during gestational age ≤ 6 weeks using a 168-item validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Between 24 and 28 weeks of gestation, all pregnant women underwent a scheduled 100 g 3-h oral glucose tolerance test. Diagnosis of GDM was based on criteria set by the American Diabetes Association. Results: Of 1026 study participants, 71 had GDM, with a mean age and pre-pregnancy BMI of 26.7 ± 4.3 y and 25.4 ± 4.5 Kg/m2, respectively. High fruit and vegetable intakes were negatively associated with GDM risk. Compared with women who consumed < 2.1 servings/day, odds ratio (ORs) for those who consumed ≥ 4.9 servings/day was 0.44 (95% CI: 0.20–0.93), after adjustment for confounding factors. Fruit and vegetable intakes were significantly and inversely associated with the GDM; ORs (95% CIs) for GDM among participants with the highest, compared to the lowest quartiles were 0.48 (0.18–0.89) for fruit and 0.46 (0.22–0.99) for vegetables intake. No association was found between dairy products and GDM. Conclusions: Fruit and vegetable consumption in women of reproductive age have beneficial effects in the prevention of GDM.

scholarly journals The associations of incretin hormone concentration with gestational diabetes mellitus

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana V. Saprina ◽  
Ekaterina S. Timokhina ◽  
Olga K. Goncharevich ◽  
Svetlana V. Budeeva ◽  
Tatiana S. Prokhorenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Hormone Secretion ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Incretin Hormone ◽  
Metabolism Disorder

Background: Enteropancreatic hormonal system disorder is a possible reason for β-cell dysfunction and carbohydrate metabolism disorder among pregnant women. However, no information is available about the state of enteroinsulin hormones [glucagon, glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP), glucagon-like peptide1 (GLP-1) and GLP-2] during pregnancy. The role of enteroinsulin hormones in the development of carbohydrate metabolism disorder during pregnancy is poorly understood. Aim: To quantify and compare incretin hormone secretion in groups of pregnant women with and without gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Materials and methods: The study included 80 patients, 50 of whom had GDM, and the control group consisted of 30 pregnant women without GDM. All patients underwent an oral glucose tolerance test; glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) estimation; ferritin, transferrin, basal and postprandial glucagon estimation; GLP-1 and GLP-2 estimation. Results: Basal glucagon and GLP-1 levels were significantly higher (p 0. 05) in the group of women with GDM than in the control group. The most significant differences in GLP-1, basal and postprandial glucagon levels were observed during the first trimester of pregnancy. Conclusion: High GLP-1 levels in the group of women with GDM may reflect a state of ‘incretin resistance’, which is similar to hyperinsulinemia in the early stages of type 2 diabetes mellitus. 

scholarly journals Novel Biomolecules in the Pathogenesis of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (21) ◽  
pp. 11578
Author(s):  
Monika Ruszała ◽  
Magdalena Niebrzydowska ◽  
Aleksandra Pilszyk ◽  
Żaneta Kimber-Trojnar ◽  
Marcin Trojnar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 ◽  
Lipocalin 2 ◽  
Fatty Acid Binding ◽  
Clear Cut

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is one of the most common metabolic diseases in pregnant women. Its early diagnosis seems to have a significant impact on the developing fetus, the course of delivery, and the neonatal period. It may also affect the later stages of child development and subsequent complications in the mother. Therefore, the crux of the matter is to find a biopredictor capable of singling out women at risk of developing GDM as early as the very start of pregnancy. Apart from the well-known molecules with a proven and clear-cut role in the pathogenesis of GDM, e.g., adiponectin and leptin, a potential role of newer biomolecules is also emphasized. Less popular and less known factors with different mechanisms of action include: galectins, growth differentiation factor-15, chemerin, omentin-1, osteocalcin, resistin, visfatin, vaspin, irisin, apelin, fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4), fibroblast growth factor 21, and lipocalin-2. The aim of this review is to present the potential and significance of these 13 less known biomolecules in the pathogenesis of GDM. It seems that high levels of FABP4, low levels of irisin, and high levels of under-carboxylated osteocalcin in the serum of pregnant women can be used as predictive markers in the diagnosis of GDM. Hopefully, future clinical trials will be able to determine which biomolecules have the most potential to predict GDM.

scholarly journals The role of obesity and overweight as a factor of gestational diabetes mellitus: a systematic review

2015 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 87-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roman Victorovich Kapustin ◽  
Ol’ga Nikolaevna Arzhanova ◽  
Olesya Nikolaevna Bespalova ◽  
Vladimir Stepanovich Pakin ◽  
Andrey Gennadievich Kiselev
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Excess Weight

Objective: on the basis of a systematic review, clarify the role of overweight and obesity as a predictor of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Materials and methods: an analysis of the literature data of the leading bibliographic sources - MEDLINE, Cochrane col., EMBASE. To evaluate the body mass index and standards of weight gain during pregnancy used the WHO guidelines and criteria of the Institute of Medicine (2009). The frequency and the odds ratio (OR) of developing GDM was estimated separately for each of the three groups in BMI. Results: A systematic review included 23 different design studies involving 740 510 women. It was found that the odds ratio of the risk of GDM in a group of pregnant women with excess weight is doubled - 2.22 (95 % CI 1.72 - 3.64), and almost four in obesity - 3.88 (95 % CI 2.97 - 5.32). The incidence of GDM in a group of pregnant women with normal body mass index - 3.77 % in the group with excess body weight - 6.59 %, in the group with obesity - 9.88 %. Conclusions: The obtained strong evidence of a direct connection between the linear increase in maternal BMI and the risk of developing gestational diabetes. Pregnant women with excess weight and obesity are at high risk for carbohydrate disorders during pregnancy.

scholarly journals COMPLICATIONS AND OUTCOMES OF PREGNANCY IN GESTATIONAL DIABETES MELLITUS

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 5-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. A. Bondar ◽  
A. S. Malysheva
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Placental Insufficiency ◽  
Fetal Malformations

The aim of the study was to analyze the complications and examine the outcomes of pregnancy in women with compensated gestational diabetes mellitus.We studied outcomes and complications of pregnancy in 50 pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus, the effects of gestational diabetes on the fetus.The average age of pregnant women was (33.7 ± 5.7) years. The incidence of gestoses and placental insufficiency in compensated gestational diabetes mellitus was 84%, polyhydramnios – 36%, the fetus fetopathy – 48% of cases. Births in period occurred in 96% of cases, the frequency of fetal malformations consistent with population-based indicators.Gestational diabetes mellitus affects the development of gestosis and fetoplacental insufficiency, even when the compensation of carbohydrate metabolism after the diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals Hemostasis in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus

2013 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-109
Author(s):  
Roman Viktorovich Kapustin ◽  
Olga Nikolayevna Arzhanova ◽  
Tatyana Nikolayevna Shlyakhtenko ◽  
Tatyana Ivanovna Oparina ◽  
Yevgeniy Konstantinovich Komarov
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Venous Thromboembolism ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Important Predictor ◽  
Hemostatic Disorders ◽  
Increased Activity ◽  
In Pregnancy

Been analyzed and studied the characteristics of hemostasis in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus. Found that for women with disorders of carbohydrate metabolism characte-rized by increased activity of procoagulant, vascular-platelet hemostasis, and decreased activity of fibrinolityc system. It is shown that the violations of the haemostatic system is directly dependent on the degree of compensation of carbohydrate metabolism and require adequate correction of glycemia. Thus, GDM is an important predictor of hemostatic disorders and possible venous thromboembolism in pregnancy.

scholarly journals Peculiarities of carbohydrate metabolism in pregnant women with bronchial asthma

2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (5) ◽  
pp. 56-61
Author(s):  
Elena A. Shapovalova ◽  
Olga V. Lavrova ◽  
Anna V. Paliychuk
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
General Population ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Effect Of Therapy ◽  
Long Acting ◽  
Inhaled Glucocorticoids

Hypothesis/aims of study. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of therapy with inhaled glucocorticoids on the course of pregnancy, childbirth, and growth-weight parameters of newborns from mothers with asthma of varying severity. Study design, materials, and methods. 725 women aged 17 to 43 years with bronchial asthma were examined. In the group of patients with bronchial asthma, 352 patients (48.5%) received glucocorticoids or glucocorticoids + β2-long-acting agonists. Carbohydrate metabolism disorders were found in 45 (6.2%) examined pregnant women, among them 21 women (46.7%) received inhaled glucocorticoids. Results. The frequency of detection of gestational diabetes mellitus in pregnant women with bronchial asthma, as well as growth-weight parameters of newborns do not differ from the general population.

scholarly journals The role of iron metabolism indicators in predicting gestational diabetes mellitus

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 365-370
Author(s):  
A. O. Torosyan ◽  
E. V. Loginova ◽  
C. G. Gagaev
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
The Body ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Diagnostic Measures ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Excess Fe

Iron (Fe) deficiency and hyperglycaemia are both widely found throughout the world among pregnant women. According to the latest data from the American Diabetes Association (ADA), the prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has increased and reaches 15–20%. Nowadays, there is growing evidence that a link between Fe metabolism and glucose homeostasis exists. The study of changes in the indicators of Fe metabolism in the serum of pregnant women with glucose intolerance and GDM plays an important role in expanding the understanding of the pathogenesis of these conditions. The hypothesis that excess Fe increases the risk of developing GDM has prompted us to review and evaluate the potential relationship between elevated Fe levels and the risk of developing GDM. The aim is to integrate all available data on the correlation between GDM and Fe status in the body. It is increasingly being recognised that excess Fe accumulation in the body is associated with an increased risk of diabetes. There is no available data on the relationship between serum ferritin and GDM in the Russian population, while early identification of the risk of GDM development will be of great importance for its related health effects and prevention. The role of Fe status as a GDM biomarker in high-risk populations is of interest, both for prognostic and diagnostic measures, and for therapeutic interventions. For a better understanding of whether an excess of Fe increases the risk of developing GDM, studies are needed to reveal the role of Fe in the mechanisms of GDM development.

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